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Quantifiers - Intermediate

The document explains the usage of quantifiers such as 'much', 'many', 'little', 'few', 'a lot of', and 'plenty of' with countable and uncountable nouns. It highlights the differences in meaning and context for these terms, including positive and negative connotations. Additionally, it covers the use of 'all', 'most', 'none', 'both', 'neither', and 'either' in sentences, providing examples and exercises for practice.

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Ирина Мельник
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9 views10 pages

Quantifiers - Intermediate

The document explains the usage of quantifiers such as 'much', 'many', 'little', 'few', 'a lot of', and 'plenty of' with countable and uncountable nouns. It highlights the differences in meaning and context for these terms, including positive and negative connotations. Additionally, it covers the use of 'all', 'most', 'none', 'both', 'neither', and 'either' in sentences, providing examples and exercises for practice.

Uploaded by

Ирина Мельник
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
c = Eo A loc) ~N ° 174 Much, many, little, few, a lot, plenty ‘We use much and little with wzcountable nouns: much time much luck little energy __ little money We use many and few with plural nouns: many friends many people few cars. few countries We use a lot of / lots of / plenty of with both uncountable and plural nouns: alotofluck lots of time —_plenty of money alot of friends lots of people _ plenty of ideas Plenty = more than enough: 1 There’s no need to hurry. We've got plenty of time. ‘Much is unusual in positive sentences (especially in spoken English). Compare: 1 We didn't spend much money. but We spent a lot of money. (ot We spent much money) © Do you see David much? but I see David alot. (not I see David much) ‘We use many and a lot of in all kinds of sentences: © Many people drive too fast. or A lot of people drive too fast. © Do you know many people? or Do you know a lot of people? 1 There aren’t many tourists here. or There aren't a lot of tourists here. Note that we say many years / many weeks / many days (not a lot of ...) 3 We've lived here for many years. (not a lot of years) Little and few (without a) are negative ideas (= not much / not many): © Gary is very busy with his job. He has little time for other things. time than he would like) 3 Vicky doesn’t like living in London. She has few friends there. as she would like) You can say very little and very few: © Gary has very little time for other things. © Vicky has very few friends in London. jor much time, less = not many, not as many A little and a few have a more positive meaning. A little = some, a small amount: 5 Let's go and have a coffee. We have a little time before the train leaves. (a little time = some time, enough time to have a coffee) 1 ‘Do you speak English?” ‘A little.’ (so we can talk a bit) A few = some, a small number: 1 Tenjoy my life here. I have a few friends and we meet quite often, (a few friends = not many bur enough to have a good time) © ‘When was the last time you saw Clare?” ‘A few days ago.’ (= some days ago) Compare: i He spoke little English, so it was difficult to communicate with him. He spoke a little English, so we were able to communicate with him, © She's lucky, She has few problems. (= not many problems) Things are not going so well for her. She has a few problems. (= some problems) You can say only a little and only a few: © Hurry! We only have a little time. (ot only little time) © The village was very small, There were only a few houses. (not only few houses) Countable and uncountable — Units 69-70 Exercises Unit 87 87.1 87.2 87.3 87.4 87.5 10 You need much money to travel round the world... In some of these sentences much is incorrect or unnatural. Change much to many or a lot (of) where necessary. Write ‘OK’ if the sentence is correct. 1 We didn’t spend much money. Ok. session Hs Sue drinks much tea. a a - Joe always puts much salt on his food. ne We'll have to hurry. We haven't got much time. . It cost much to repair the car. 7 Did it cost much to repair the car? I don’t know much people in this town. a - setae = Tuse the phone much at work. - a 9 There wasn't much traffic this morning. z LAW ewe Complete the sentences using plenty (of) + the following: hotels money room things to see time to learn There’s no need to hurry. There’s ... enty..of. Hime. He's got no financial problems. He's got " Come and sit with us. There’s ~ — She knows a lot, but she still has - Irs an interesting town to visit. There ..... I'm sure we'll find somewhere to stay...» Aueune Put in much/many/few/little (one word only). 1 She isn’t very popular, She has ...f... friends. 2. Ann is very busy these days, She has . free time. 3 Did you take photographs when you were on holiday? 4 I'm nor very busy today. I haven't got to do. 5 This is a very modern city. There are old buildings. 6 The weather has been very dry recently. We've had .. one Fan, 7 “Do you know Rome?" ‘No, I haven’t been there for .n- years.” Put ina where necessary. Write ‘OK’ if the sentence is already complete. 1 ‘She's lucky. She has few problems. Ok, . 2 Things are nor going so well for her. She has few problems... Few problems o Can you lend me few dollars? we There was little traffic, so the journey didn’t take very long. Ican’t give you a decision yer. I need little time to think. Ir was a surprise that he won the match. Few people semana expected him to win. 7 [don’t know much Spanish ~ only few words. essen 8 I wonder how Sam is. I haven't seen him for few months. Put in little / a little / few / a few. BUN 1 Gary is very busy with his job. He has time for other things. 2 Listen carefully. I'm going to give you oon advice. 3 Do you mind if I ask you nsanens QUESTIONS? 4 I's nor a very interesting place to visit, so snus tourists come here. 5 [don’t chink Jill would be a good teacher. She's got sous patience 6 ‘Would you like milk in your coffee?” ‘Yes, . 7 This is a very boring place to live. There's. to do. 8 ‘Have you ever been to Paris?’ *Yes, I've been there nse TIMES.” 175 All/ all of | most / most of : no / none of etc. i [all some any __most_much/many —_—ilitlefew no | You can use the words in the box with a noun (some food / few books etc.): © Al cars have wheels. © Some cars can go faster than others. © (ona notice) NO CARS. {= no cars allowed) © Many people drive too fast. © I don’t go out very often, I'm at home most days. You cannot say ‘all of cars’, ‘some of people’ etc. (see also Section B): 1c Some people learn languages more easily than others. (rot Some of people) Note that we say most (nof the most): © Most tourists don’t visit this part of the town, (not The most tourists) all some any most much/many little/few half none You can use the words in the box with of (some of / most of etc.). We use some of / most of / none of etc. + the/this/thav/these/those/my ... etc. So you can say ‘some of the people’, ‘some of those people’ (but not “some of people"): 1 Some of the people I work with are not very friendly. 1 None of this money is mine. 1 Have you read any of these books? © Iwas sick yesterday. I spent most of the day in bed. You don’t need of after all or half. So you can say: © All my friends live in Los Angeles. or All of my friends ... © Half this money is mine. or Half of this money Compare: © All flowers are beautiful. (= all flowers in general) All (of) the flowers in this garden are beautiful. (= a specific group of flowers) © Most problems have a solution. (= most problems in general) We were able to solve most of the problems we had. (= a specific group of problems) You can use all of / some of / none of etc. + it/us/you/them: 3 ‘How many of these people do you know?” ‘None of them. / A few of them.” 1 Do any of you wane to come to a party tonight? © ‘Do you like this music?” “Some of it. Not all of it.” ‘We say: all of us / all of you / half of it / half of them etc. You cannot leave out of before iv/us/you/them: 1 All of us were late. (not all us) 1 Thaven’t finished the book yet. I've only read half of it. (not half it) You can also use some/most etc. alone, without a noun: 3 Some cars have four doors and some have two. A few of the shops were open, but most (of them) were closed. 1 Half this money is mine, and half (of it) is yours. (not the half) Some and any —> Unit 85 No and none > Unit 86 Much/many/little/few —> Unit 87 All + Units 90, 110C All of whom / most of which etc. —» Unit 968 Exercises Unit 88 already complete. 88.1 Put in of where necessary. Leave the space empty if the sentence 1 AN nears have wheels. ithe sentence is abraady completo) 2 None 9... this money is mine. 3 SOME oonnnnn films are very violent, 4 SOME smnmns the films I've seen recently have been very violent. 5 Joe never goes to museums. He says that all...» museums are boring. 6 I think some people watch too much television. 7 ‘Are any those letters for me?” ‘No, they’re all for me.” 8 Kate has lived in London most her life. 9 Jim has lived in Chicago all his life. 10 Most days I get up before 7 o'clock. 88.2 Choose from the list and complete the sentences. Use of (some of / most of ete.) where necessary. accidents, European countries my dinner the players birds her friends my spare time the population ears. her opinions the buildings -these books: 1 [haven't read many ...of these. books. 2 All .. Unit 51¢ Both of whom / neither of which -> Unit 968 Both — Unit 110¢ Exercises Unit 89 89.1 89.2 89.3 89.4 89.5 Complete the sentences with both/neither/either. 1 ‘Do you want tea or coffee?” ~..£i#her.... 1 really don’t mind.” 2 ‘What day is it today ~ the 18th or the 19th?" «= Tes the 20¢h.” 3a: Where did you go for your holidays — Scotland ot Ireland? i: We went to = Aweek in Scotland and a week in Ireland. 4 ‘When shall I phone, in the morning or afternoon?” *.. sonomiee » PIL be in all day.” 5 ‘Where's Liz? Is she at work or at home?” * «She's away on holiday.” Complete the sentences with both/neither/either. Use of where necessary. 1 ...B9¢h.. my parents are from London. 2 To get to the town centre, you can go along the footpath by the river or you can go along the road. You can go y 3 [tried twice to phone George, but times he was out. 4 ‘Tom’s parents is English. His father is Polish and his mother is Italian. 5 [saw an accident this morning. One ear drove into the back of another. Fortunately driver was injured, but ws €ars were badly damaged. 6 Tve gor two sisters and a brother. My brother is working, but = my sisters are still at school. Complete the sentences with both/neither/either + of us/them. Tasked two people the way to the station, but ...ne#her..of. them... could help me. 1 2 Iwas invited to two parties last week, but I couldn't go to ... 3 There were two windows in the room. It was very warm, so T opened a3 4 Sarah and I play tennis together regularly, but oo om €an play very well. 5 [tried two bookshops for the book I wanted, but ... sass hail it Write sentences with both ... and ... / neither ... nor... / either ... or... Chris was late. So was Pat. Both Chris and. Pat were late... — He didn’t write and he didn’t phone. ...He. neither. wrote. nor phoned. , 8 Joe is on holiday and so is Sam. Joe hasn't got a car. Sam hasn't got one either... " Brian doesn’t watch TV and he doesn’t read newspapers. Bwne 6 Ic was a boring film, It was long too. The film ; Is that man’s name Richard? Or is it Robert? Irs one of the two. That man’s name 8 [haven't got time to go on holida Tve gor _— . 9. We can leave today or we can leave tomorrow ~ whichever you prefer. We < us — vs nn os ae ‘And I haven't got the money. Complete the sentences with neither/either/none/any. 1 We tried a lor of hotels, but ..00n¢... of them had any rooms. 2 Lrook two books with me on holiday, but I didn’t read —... of them. 3 Ttook five books with me on holiday, but I didn’t read of them. 4 There are a few shops at the end of the street, but of them sells newspapers. 5 You can phone me at [Link] time during the evening. 'm always at home. 6 [can meet you next Monday or Friday. Would on» of those days be convenient for you? 7 John and I couldn't get into the house because of us had a key. 179 Unit 90 | 180 All, every and whole All and everybody/everyone ‘We do not normally use all to mean everybody/everyone: ) Everybody enjoyed the party. (not All enjoyed) Bur we say all of us/you/them (not everybody of © All of us enjoyed the party. (not Everybody of us) All and everything Sometimes you can use all or everything: OPildo all {can to help. or [ll do everything I can to help. You can say ‘all I can’ / ‘all you need’ etc., but we do not normally use all alone: © He thinks he knows everything. (not he knows all), © Our holiday was a disaster. Everything went wrong. (not All went wrong) Bur you can say all about: 1 He knows all about computers. We also use all (not everything) to mean ‘the only thing(s)’: © All I've eaten today is a sandwich. (= the only thing I've eaten today) Every / everybody / everyone / everything are singular words, so we use a singular verb: 1D Every seat in the theatre was taken. 1 Everybody has arrived. (ot have arrived) But you can use they/them/their after everybody/everyone: © Everybody said they enjoyed themselves. (= he or she enjoyed himself or herself) Whole and all Whole = complete, entire. Most often we use whole with singular nouns: © Did you read the whole book? (= all the book, nor just a part of it) © Emily has lived her whole life in Scotland. © Twas so hungry, I ate a whole packet of biscuits. (= a complete packet) We use the/my/her etc. before whole. Compare whole and all: the whole book / all the book her whole life / all her life We do not normally use whole with uncountable nouns. We say: 1 Pve spent all the money you gave me. (not the whole money) Every/all/whole with time words ‘We use every to say how often something happens (every day / every Monday / every ten minutes / every three weeks etc 12 When we were on holiday, we went to the beach every day. (not all days) 10 The bus service is excellent. There's a bus every ten minutes. 1G We don’t see each other very often ~ about every six months. All day / the whole day = the complete day from beginning to end: © We spent all day / the whole day on the beach. © Dan was very quiet. He didn’t say a word all evening / the whole evening. Note that we say all day (zof all the day), all week (wot all the week) ete. Compare all the time and every time: 1 They never go out. They are at home all the time. (= always, continuously) © Every time I see you, you look different. (= each time, on every occasion) Countable and uncountable -» Units 69-70 All / all of —> Unit 88 Each and every — Unit 91 Every one -> Unit 91D All (word order) —* Unit 110¢ Exercises Unit 90 90.1 90.2 90.3 90.4 Complete these sentences with all, everything or everybody/everyone. 1 It was a good party. ...Everueedy... enjoyed it. 2 ALL. I've eaten today is a sandwich. 3 has their faults. Nobody is perfect. 4 Nothing has changed. -eceeo- is the same as it was. 5 Kate told me about her new job. It sounds quite interesting. 6 Can write their names on a piece of paper, please? 7 Why are you always thinking about money? Money isn’t 2 8 I didn’t have much money with me. so Thad was ten pounds. 9. When the fire alarm rang, sun» left the building immediately. 10 Sue didn’t say where she was going. she said was that she was going away. 11 We have completely different opinions. I disagree with ....... she says. 12. We all did well in the examination, in our class passed. 13. We all did well in the examination. of us passed, 14 Why are you so lazy? Why do you expect me £0 do for you? Write sentences with whole. 1 Tread the book from beginning to end. P24. He. WMO DOK mn 2 Everyone in the team played well. The so Paul opened a box of chocolates. When he'fnished eating, there were no chocolates left in the box. He ate .... - 4 The police came to the house. They were Inching for something. They searched everywhere, every room. They Cu pecans Everyone in Dave and Jane's family plays tennis. Dave and Jane play, and so do all their children, The ome i 6 Ann worked from early in the morning until late in the evening. Jack and Jill went on holiday to the seaside for a week. It rained from the begin: week to the end. It ieee = fe on ~ Now write sentences 6 and 7 again using all instead of whole. BAO cea esremcaenc ete 7 oa Complete these sentences using every with the following five minutes ten-minutes four hours six months __four years 1 The bus service is very good. There’s a bus every. ten. minutes, Tom is ill. He has some medicine. He has to take it The Olympic Games take place : : We live near a busy airport. A plane flies over our house — J Martin has a check-up with his dentist crnnsnm + Which is the correct alternative? 1 I've spent she-whele-money-/ all the money you gave me. (all the money is correct) Sue works every day / all days except Sunday. T'm tired. I've been working hard all the day / all day. It was a terrible fire. Whole building / The whole building was destroyed, I've been trying to phone her, but every time / all the time I phone the line is busy. I don’t like the weather here. It rains every time /all the time. When I was on holiday, all my luggage / my whole luggage was stolen. when 1a — Additional exercise 30 (page 320) 181 Unit co Ai 182 Each and every Each and every are similar in meaning. Often it is possible to use each or every: © Each time (or Every time) I see you, you look different. © There's a telephone in each room (or every room) of the house. But each and every are not exactly the same. Study the difference: ‘We use each when we think of things We use every when we think of things as a separately, one by one. group. The meaning is similar to all. 1 Study each sentence carefully. © Every sentence must have a verb, (= study the sentences one by one) (= all sentences in general) each=X+KX+X+X | every = Each is more usual for a small number: Every is more usual for a large number: © There were four books on the table. © Kate loves reading. She has read every Each book was a different colour. book in the library. (= all the books) © (ina card game) At the beginning of 5 I would like to visit every country in the game, each player has three cards, the world. (= all the countries} Each (but not every) can be used for two things: © Ina football match, each team has eleven players. (not every team) We use every (not each) to say how often something happens: 1 ‘How often do you use your computer?” ‘Every day.’ (not Each day) There’s a bus every ten minutes. (not each ten minutes) Compare the structures we use with each and evel You can use each with a noun: You can use every with a noun: each book each student every book every student You can use each alone (without a noun): You can’t use every alone, but you can say © None of the rooms was the same. every one: Each (= each room) was different. © a: Have you read all these books? Or you can use each one: bs Yes, every one. © Each one was different. You can say each of (the ... / these ... / You can say every one of ... (but not them ete.): every of © Read each of these sentences carefully. > Ive read every one of those books. © Each of the books is a different colour. (not every of those books) © Each of them is a different colour. © I've read every one of them. You can also use each in the middle or at the end of a sentence. For example: © The students were each given a book. (= Each student was given a book.) 1 These oranges cost 15 pence each, Everyone and every one Everyone (one word) is only for people (= everybody). Every one (two words) is for things or people, and is similar to each one (sce Section B). 3 Everyone enjoyed the party. (= Everybody ...) Sarah is invited to lots of parties and she goes to every one. to every party) Each other — Unit 82¢ All and every —> Unit 90 Exercises Unit 91 a1 91.2 91.3 91.4 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with each or every. 3 25—» | 25] les | l to | 5 | 1 ..£a¢h.... player has three cards. 2 Kate has read ..£¥2"Y... book in the library. 3 side of a square is the same length 4 seat in the theatre was taken, 5 There are six apartments in the building... one has a balcony. 6 There’s a train to London hour” 7 She was wearing four rings ~ one on finger. 8 Our football ream is playing well. We've won game this season. Put in each or every. 1 There were four books on the table. £4¢h_. book was a different colour. 2 The Olympic Games are held ...e¥€FY.. four years. 3 parent worries about their children. 4 Ina game of tennis there are two or four players. player has a racket. 5 Nicola plays volleyball Thursday evening. 6 understood most of what they said bur nor word. 7 The book is divided into five parts and of these has three sections. 8 I get paid four weeks. 9 We had a great weekend. | enjoyed minute of it. 10 Ttried to phone her two or three times, but time there was no reply. 11 Car seat belts save lives. driver should wear one. 12 (from an exam) Answer all five questions. Write your answer to sowneanaeee QUESTION O a separate sheet of paper. Complete the sentences using each. 1 The price of one of those oranges is 30 pence. Those ...9ranges. are 30 pence each 2 Thad ten pounds and so did Sonia, Sonia and I... 3. One of those postcards costs 80 pence. Those... 4 The hotel was expensive. I paid £120 and so did you. We Put in everyone (1 word) or every one (2 words). 1 Sarah is invited to a lor of parties and she goes to ...£¥2"4..one. 2 AS $000 A on had arrived, we began the meeting, 3 Lasked her lots of questions and she answered i" vononm correctly, 4 She's very popular. e likes her. 5 Idropped a tray of glasses. Unfortunately broke. 183

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