Self-Test Workbook: Introduction to
Statistics (NSTA51516)
This workbook provides topic-based self-test questions. Write your answers in the spaces
provided below each question.
Topic 1: Descriptive Statistics
• Q: Define descriptive statistics and explain its importance in real-world applications.
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• Q: Identify the type of data (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio) for each of the following:
Blood type, Temperature in Celsius, Customer satisfaction (1–5 scale).
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• Q: Draw a frequency distribution and histogram for the dataset: 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22,
22, 25, 28, 30.
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• Q: Calculate the mean, median, and mode of the dataset above.
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• Q: Calculate the variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation.
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• Q: Construct a five-number summary and a box-and-whisker plot.
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Topic 2: Introduction to Probability
• Q: Explain the difference between mutually exclusive events and independent events.
Give examples.
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• Q: If P(A)=0.4, P(B)=0.3, and P(A ∩ B)=0.1: Find P(A ∪ B). Are A and B independent?
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• Q: A box contains 6 red, 4 blue, 5 green balls. Two are drawn without replacement. Find
P(both red).
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• Q: How many 4-digit codes can be formed from digits 0–9 if no repetition?
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Topic 3: Probability Distributions
• Q: Define a discrete random variable with examples.
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• Q: A fair die is rolled. Let X = number showing. Find E[X] and Var(X).
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• Q: A multiple-choice quiz has 10 questions (4 choices each). If guessing, what is
P(exactly 3 correct)?
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• Q: A call center gets 5 calls/min on average. Find P(exactly 7 in a minute).
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Topic 4: The Normal Distribution
• Q: Why is the normal distribution called the bell curve?
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• Q: Heights ~ N(175, 8). Find P(height >180) and 90th percentile.
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• Q: Convert X=190 into a Z-score.
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Topic 5: Sampling Distribution
• Q: State the Central Limit Theorem.
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• Q: Population μ=60, σ=12, n=36. Find mean, SE, and P(sample mean >63).
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Topic 6: Estimation
• Q: Explain point vs interval estimation.
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• Q: Sample n=50, mean=70, σ=8, 95% CI for μ.
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• Q: 100 voters, 60 support candidate. 99% CI for proportion.
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Topic 7: Hypothesis Testing
• Q: Define null and alternative hypotheses with examples.
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• Q: Bulbs: μ0=1200, sample mean=1180, n=40, σ=80, α=0.05. Test claim.
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• Q: Explain Type I and Type II errors.
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Topic 8: Chi-Square Tests
• Q: Explain when to use chi-square test of independence.
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• Q: Survey of 200 people on tea/coffee vs gender. Perform chi-square test.
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Topic 9: Correlation and Regression
• Q: Define correlation and its types.
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• Q: Data: X=2,4,6,8; Y=40,50,60,80. Find r and regression line.
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Topic 10: ANOVA
• Q: State purpose of ANOVA.
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• Q: 3 teaching methods tested. State hypotheses.
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