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Comprehensive Clinical Optometry Exam

The document contains a comprehensive exam for 4th year clinical optometry students, featuring multiple-choice questions on various topics such as optical radiations, refractive errors, amblyopia, and subjective refraction techniques. Each question includes options with the correct answers highlighted in bold. Additionally, there is a section for 3rd year students with similar questions, emphasizing the foundational knowledge required in clinical optometry.

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awkm1213
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60 views6 pages

Comprehensive Clinical Optometry Exam

The document contains a comprehensive exam for 4th year clinical optometry students, featuring multiple-choice questions on various topics such as optical radiations, refractive errors, amblyopia, and subjective refraction techniques. Each question includes options with the correct answers highlighted in bold. Additionally, there is a section for 3rd year students with similar questions, emphasizing the foundational knowledge required in clinical optometry.

Uploaded by

awkm1213
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Clinical optometry - I comprehensive exam for 4th year

1. Which forms of optical radiations pass through the ocular media to fall on the retina?
A. VR and IR A
B. UV A and IR A
C. VR and UV A
D. UV B and IR A
2. Let as you have a 3 meter room & 6 meter chart at your work place. If you want to use it
efficiently, which method is effective?
A. Waiting until 6 meter room is available
B. Using plane mirror as reflecting projector
C. Waiting until 3 meter chart is available
D. Using convex mirror as reflecting projector.
3. Which of the following is correct for etiology of hyperopia?
A. Curvature – steeper cornea
B. Index - increase index of lens cortex
C. Axial- axial length greater than secondary focal length
D. Position of refracting surface – dislocation of lens forwards
4. When refract the PX at 67cm testing distance without using the lens an ametropic eye
shows that the eye needs -3.00D x90 and +2.00D x180. Which one is the correct
prescription form to correct the ametropia?
A. -4.5.00/+5.00x180
B. +2.00/-5.00x180
C. -3.00/+2.00x180
D. -3.00/+5.00x90
5. Which of the following is the most common cause of anisometropia?
A. High myopia
B. Aphakia
C. High hyperopia
D. Ocular surgery
6. When you refract the patient with retinoscopy you found results of OD= +4.00/-
4.00x90 and OS= -1.50/-2.00x180. Which of the following is true about right and
left eye respectively?
A. Mixed astigmatism, compound myopic astigmatism
B. Simple hyperopic astigmatism, compound myopic astigmatism
C. Compound hyperopic astigmatism, compound myopic astigmatism.
D. Simple myopic astigmatism, mixed astigmatism
7. Which of the following is TRUE about amblyopia?
A. Best corrected visual acuity of two eye of two line or more difference
B. Visual acuity of amblyopic eye ≥ 6/9
C. Sign of any pathology that reduce vision
D. For strabismic amblyopia VA is much better for crowded than isolated target

8. When you perform a subjective refraction on a patient’s right eye. After checking the
sphere, you have the Rx: -4.00/-2.00 x 90 in the trial frame, then you checks cylinder
axis and power and change the cylinder to -3.00 x 100. What is the final Rx?

A. –4.00/–3.00x90
B. –3.50/–3.00x100
C. –5.00/–2.00x100
D. –5.00/–3.00x90

9. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about myopia?


A. The higher the myopia, the longer will be the far point
B. Powerful optical system for its axial length
C. Corrected by diverging lens
D. It can develop due to long axial length for given power
10. You refract a patient objectively shows that he has +4.00 DS and after subjective
refraction the patient continue to see 6/6 up to +5.50 DS. By relaxing his
accommodative effort, under full cycloplegic correction the hypermetropic error is 7.0
DS. What is the amount of facultative and absolute hyperopia respectively?
A. +5.50 and +4.00
B. +1.50 and +4.00
C. +4.00 and +5.50
D. +7.00 and +5.50

NB: The bolder one is the Answer.

GOOD LUCK!!!
Clinical optometry - I comprehensive exam for 3rd year
I. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. Let as you have a 3 meter room & 6 meter chart at your work place. If you want to use it
efficiently, which method is effective?
A. Waiting until 6 meter room is available
B. Using plane mirror as reflecting projector
C. Waiting until 3 meter chart is available
D. Using convex mirror as reflecting projector.
2. Which of the following is the most common cause of anisometropia?
A. High myopia
B. Aphakia
C. High hyperopia
D. Ocular surgery
3. When refract the PX at 66cm testing distance without using the lens an ametropic eye
shows that the eye needs -3.00D x90 and +2.00D x180. Which one is the correct
prescription form to correct the ametropia?
E. +4.5.00/+5.00x90
F. +2.00/-5.00x180
G. +0.50/-5.00x90
H. -3.00/+5.00x90
4. Which of the following is TRUE about amblyopia?
A. Visual acuity of amblyopic eye ≥ 6/9
B. Sign of any pathology that reduce vision
C. For strabismic amblyopia VA is much better for crowded than isolated target
D. Best corrected visual acuity of two eye of two line or more difference
5. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about myopia?
A. The higher the myopia, the longer will be the far point
B. Powerful optical system for its axial length
C. Corrected by diverging lens
D. It can develop due to long axial length for given power
6. When you perform a subjective refraction on a patient’s right eye. After checking the
sphere, you have the Rx: -4.00/-2.00 x 90 in the trial frame, then you checks cylinder
axis and power and change the cylinder to -3.00 x 100. What is the final Rx?
A. –4.00/–3.00x90
B. –3.50/–3.00x100
C. –5.00/–2.00x100
D. –5.00/–3.00x90

7. You refract a patient objectively shows that he has +4.00 DS and after subjective
refraction the patient continue to see 6/6 up to +5.50 DS. By relaxing his
accommodative effort, under full cycloplegic correction the hypermetropic error is +7.00
DS. What is the amount of facultative and absolute hyperopia respectively?
A. +5.50 and +4.00
B. +4.00 and +5.50
C. +1.50 and +4.00
D. +7.00 and +5.50
8. Which one is WRONG about Pinhole:
A. Indicates the reduction of vision is due to refractive error or not.
B. Increases the depth of focus and depth of field
C. Improves ametropia of more than 6.00D
D. If the size less than 1mm diameter, impairs the image quality
9. During astigmatic refractive error correction, why sphere component is corrected
1st? Because:-
A. It is easy to correct sphere
B. Sphere power affects the astigmatic error
C. Astigmatism can be corrected if correct sphere power is obtained
D. Astigmatic lens cannot correct sphere component
10. When you refract the patient with retinoscopy you found results of OD= +4.00/-
4.00x90 and OS= -1.50/-2.00x180. Which of the following is true about right and
left eye respectively?
A. Mixed astigmatism, compound myopic astigmatism
B. Simple hyperopic astigmatism, compound myopic astigmatism
C. Compound hyperopic astigmatism, compound myopic astigmatism.
D. Simple myopic astigmatism, mixed astigmatism
11. Which of the following is the correct procedure in subjective refraction?
A. Best vision sphere→ Jackson cross cyl →binocular balancing →best vision
sphere→ +1.00 blur test
B. Jackson cross cyl →Best vision sphere →Jackson cross cyl→ +1.00 blur test
→binocular balancing
C. Jackson cross cyl→Best vision sphere → +1.00 blur test →binocular
balancing
D. Best vision sphere →Jackson cross cyl →best vision sphere → +1.00
blur test →binocular balancing

12. The following are TRUE about hypermetropia except?


A. The second principal focus lies in front of the retina
B. Accommodation is used to achieve normal vision
C. Aphakia is a form of hypermetropia
D. Patients require reading glasses earlier than the normal population
13. Which of the following is correct for etiology of hyperopia?
A. Curvature – steeper cornea
B. Index - increase index of lens cortex
C. Axial- axial length greater than secondary focal length
D. Position of refracting surface – dislocation of lens forwards
14. Which of the following is true about astigmatism?
A. Point object form multiple blur circles on the retina.
B. The image of a point object form focal lines and circle of least confusion
C. Point object form sharply focused point image away from the retina
D. Refractive system of the eye have spherical surface
15. Which of the following tests is not appropriate?
A. Checking cover test at near on a myopic presbyope who does not wear
spectacles for near
B. Measuring NPC on a hypermetropic presbyope
C. Measuring cover test at distance on a presbyope who does not wear
spectacles for distance
D. Measuring NPC on a myopic presbyope
The answer is the bolder one.

GOOD LUCK!!!
If need extra questions pick up here!
1. Which forms of optical radiations pass through the ocular media and fall on the retina?
A. VR and IR A
B. UV A and IR A
C. VR and UV A
D. UV B and IR A
2. A man has 3mm anterior chamber depth and 61.00D total power. What will be the eye
power if the depth is 2.5mm?
A. 60.00D B. 61.70D C. 60.70D D. 62.40D

3. Which one is WRONG about the optical components of the eye


A. 1 mm axial length change leads to 3.00D changes of eye power.
B. Corneal power change is the same as the amount of refractive power change.
C. 1mm change of ACD leads to 3.00D change of refractive power.
D. 1.00D change of curvature leads to 6.00D change of refractive power.
4. Which one is WRONG about near add?
A. It can be determined by age and WD
B. It can be determined by previous RX and symptoms
C. For px over 65 yrs the add is determined mainly by WD
D. If WD is much less than 40cm we need decrease add
5. Which of the following is WRONG when taking visual acuity?
A. Cover the eye with patient palms
B. Cover the eye using occluder
C. Start at the top of the larger letter or symbols
D. Cover the eye using patient fingers
6. Which components of patient history can be paraphrased in non-technical with a
patient’s own words?
A. History of present illness
B. Past ocular history
C. Chief compliant
D. Hobby

GOOD LUCK!!!

Common questions

Powered by AI

Facultative hyperopia is the portion of hyperopia that can be corrected by the eye's accommodation, whereas absolute hyperopia requires corrective lenses. Determining these components helps in prescribing the lowest lens power that enables clear vision without excessive accommodation, ensuring comfortable and effective optical correction .

The most common cause of anisometropia is high hyperopia. This condition, where there is a significant difference in refractive power between the two eyes, influences optical correction strategies by necessitating individualized corrective lenses to balance the disparity and prevent amblyopia development .

Pinhole testing is crucial in distinguishing refractive errors from pathological vision loss. By allowing only direct rays to enter the eye, it effectively increases the depth of field and focus. An improvement in vision with a pinhole suggests a correctable refractive error, whereas unchanged vision indicates possible ocular pathology, thus guiding further diagnostic and corrective measures .

A 3-meter room can be effectively utilized with a 6-meter chart by using a plane mirror as a reflecting projector. This solution optimizes limited space by allowing the chart to be viewed effectively at its intended distance, reflecting the importance of resourcefulness and adaptability in clinical settings to optimize space and equipment use .

In astigmatic refractive error correction, the sphere component is corrected first because achieving the correct spherical power helps to properly address and reduce the overall astigmatic error, ensuring that the subsequent correction of cylindrical errors is more accurate and stable. This sequence is crucial for precise optical corrections and maximizing visual clarity .

Measuring the near point of convergence (NPC) in presbyopic patients is significant because it helps assess the ability to maintain single vision at close distances. This measure informs adjustments to reading prescriptions and aids in addressing near vision complaints, thus optimizing functional vision and comfort in presbyopic patients .

A change of 1 mm in the axial length of the eye typically results in a 3.00D change in refractive power. This relationship has significant implications for refractive surgery, as precise calculations of axial length adjustments are critical for predicting postoperative refractive outcomes and ensuring effective vision correction .

A decreased anterior chamber depth results in an increase in intraocular power. As depth decreases, it might predispose the eye to angle-closure glaucoma due to reduced space for aqueous humor drainage, thus increasing intraocular pressure. Understanding this relationship is crucial for assessing the risk of glaucoma and planning appropriate interventions .

Incorrect procedures in subjective refraction, such as improper sequence of corrective lens adjustments, can lead to inaccurate prescriptions that may cause visual discomfort. For example, neglecting to perform binocular balancing or incorrectly interpreting the Jackson cross-cylinder results can result in prescriptions that do not accurately address a patient's refractive needs, impacting both visual acuity and comfort .

The forms of optical radiation that pass through the ocular media to reach the retina include Visible Radiation (VR) and Ultraviolet A (UV A). These forms have implications in optometry for understanding the impact of different types of light on eye health, particularly in assessing how UV exposure can affect ocular structures like the lens and retina .

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