SARASWATI VIDHYA MANDIR
SR. SECONDARY SCHOOL
RAMBAGH, BASTI
SESSION: (2025-26)
PHYSICS PROJECT ON:
TO STUDY THE FACTOR ON WHICH THE SELF
INDUCTOR OF A COIL DEPEND BY OBSERVING THE
EFFECT OF THIS COIL, WHEN PUT IN SERIES WITH A
RESISTOR(BULB) IN A CIRCUIT FED UP BY AN A.C.
SOURCE OF ADJUSTABLE FREQENCY.
SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:
SHAAN VISHWAKARMA MR. SATISH MAURYA
CLASS: 12THA
ROLL NO.: 58
RESULT: -
1. The current in the circuit decreases inserting the
iron rod in the core of coil at constant frequency of
applied voltage & brightness of bulb decreases & vice-
versa.
2. The current in the circuit increases decreasing the
frequency of applied voltage and vice versa.
Therefore, the brightness of the bulb increases.
PRECAUTIONS: -
1. The coil should have a large number of turns.
2. Current should be passed for a small time to
avoid the heating effect.
3. There should not be parallax in taking the reading
of ammeters.
SOURCES OF ERRORS: -
1. The resistance of circuits may increase slightly due
to the heating effect of current.
2. There may be eddy current in soft iron coil.
BIBLOGRAPHY: -
1. [Link]
2. [Link]
3. [Link]
4. NECRT BOOK
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I would like to thank my Physics teacher, MR.
SATISH MAURYA, for his constant guidance,
motivation, moral encouragement, and
sympathetic attitude towards the success of this
project.
I also want to thank the principal and the
institution for providing the necessary materials.
I would also like to extend my gratitude towards
the lab attendant, my parents, and everyone who
has helped me complete the project
successfully.
SHAAN VISHWAKARMA
INDEX
✓ AIM
✓ APPARATUS
✓ THEORY & CIRCUIT
DIAGRAM
✓ PROCEDURE
✓ OBSERVATION
✓ RESULT
✓ PRECAUTIONS
✓ SOURCES OF ERRORS
✓ BIBLOGRAPHY
AIM: -
To study the factor on which the self-inductance of a
coil depends by observing the effect of this coil, when
put in series with a resistor (bulb) in a circuit fed up
with an A.C. source of adjustable frequency.
APPARATUS: -
A coil of large turns, A.C. source of adjustable
frequency, an electrical bulb, (6V) A.C. ammeter of
suitable range rheostat, a soft iron rod, one way key,
connecting wires etc.
THEORY: -
Self-inductance is the property of a coil which
opposes the change in current through it. The self-
inductance of a coil (long solenoid) is.
Where µr = Relative magnetic permeability of magnetic
material.
N = Total number of turns in solenoid
A= Area of cross section of solenoid
L= Length of solenoid
Hence, the Self Inductance depends upon
• No. of turns (N), L ∝ N2
• Geometry of coil, L=A, L ∝ 1/l
• Nature of core material, L= µ
When an inductor is connected in series with a
resistor (bulb) with a variable source of frequency
current flowing in the bulb.
Where Z= (R² + ω²L²) ½ = Impedance of the A.C.
Circuit.
R = Resistance of bulb
L = Self inductor of coil
ω = 2πf = Angular frequency of A.C. source
The brightness of bulb i.e. Heat generated in bulb is.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: -
PROCEDURE: -
1. Make all connections as shown in the circuit
diagram.
2. Switch on the A.C. supply and adjust the current in
the circuit by using the variable resistor (R).
3. Record the current in c ammeter & see the
brightness of the bulb.
4. Now, put the soft iron rod inside the conductor core
& record the current in A.C. ammeter & again check
the brightness of the bulb. The current and
brightness both decreases.
5. Now, switch off the supply and decrease the
frequency of A.C. source (say 50 Hz).
6. Again, switch on the supply and adjust the current in
circuit at same constant voltage 6V by using the
rheostat. Note the current in ammeter & brightness
of the bulb. The current and brightness will increase.
7. Again, insert the iron rod in the core of coil and note
the current & brightness. The current and brightness
both decreases.
8. Repeat steps 5, 6 and 7 for different frequency of
A.C. source. (say 40 Hz, 30 Hz, and 20 Hz).
OBSERVATION: -
1. Least count of ammeter = 0.05 A.
2. Zero error of ammeter = 0 A.
3. Range of ammeter = 0-5 A.
[Link]. Frequency Current in Current in
of applied ammeter ammeter
voltage without with iron
(Hz) iron rod in rod in coil
coil (A) (A)
1. 60 2 1.8
2. 50 2.5 2.3
3. 40 2.9 2.6
4. 30 3.4 3.25
5. 20 4.1 4