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Essential Basic Science Skills Guide

The document outlines basic science process skills, including observing, inferring, measuring, communicating, classifying, predicting, controlling variables, formulating hypotheses, interpreting data, experimenting, and formulating models. Each skill is defined with examples to illustrate its application in scientific inquiry. These skills are essential for conducting experiments and understanding scientific concepts.

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5 views2 pages

Essential Basic Science Skills Guide

The document outlines basic science process skills, including observing, inferring, measuring, communicating, classifying, predicting, controlling variables, formulating hypotheses, interpreting data, experimenting, and formulating models. Each skill is defined with examples to illustrate its application in scientific inquiry. These skills are essential for conducting experiments and understanding scientific concepts.

Uploaded by

rageblade149
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

BASIC SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS

1. Observing - using the senses to gather information about an object or event. Example:

Describing a pencil as yellow.

2 Kinds:

a. Quantitative (measurement) and

b. qualitative (using the five senses)

2. Inferring - making a logical conclusion drawn about an object or event based on an

observation or previously gathered data or information.

Example: Saying that the person who used a pencil made a lot of mistakes because

the eraser was well worn.

3. Measuring - using both standard and nonstandard measures or estimates to describe

the dimensions of an object or event. Example: Using a meter stick to measure the

length of a table in centimeters.

4. Communicating - using words or graphic symbols to describe an action, object, or

event. Example: Describing the change in height of a plant over time in writing or

through a graph.

5. Classifying - grouping or ordering objects or events into categories based on

properties or criteria. Example: Placing all rocks having certain grain size or hardness

into one group.

6. Predicting - stating the outcome of a future event based on a pattern of evidence.

Example: Predicting the height of a plant in two weeks’ time based on a graph of its

growth during the previous four weeks.


7. Controlling variables - being able to identify variables that can affect an experimental

outcome, keeping most constant while manipulating only the independent variable.

Example: Realizing through past experiences that amount of light and water need to

be controlled when testing to see how the addition of organic matter affects the

growth of beans.

8. Formulating hypotheses - stating the expected outcome of an experiment. Example:

The greater the amount of organic matter added to the soil, the greater the bean

growth.

9. Interpreting data - organizing data and drawing conclusions from it. Example:

Recording data from the experiment on bean growth in a data table and forming a

conclusion which relates trends in the data to variables.

10. Experimenting - being able to conduct an experiment, including asking an appropriate

question, stating a hypothesis, identifying, and controlling variables, operationally

defining those variables, designing a "fair" experiment, conducting the experiment,

and interpreting the results of the experiment. Example: The entire process of

conducting the experiment on the effect of organic matter on the growth of bean

plants.

11. Formulating models - creating a mental or physical model of a process or event.

Examples: The model of how the processes of evaporation and condensation

interrelate in the water cycle.

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