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Answer Key

The document provides a comprehensive list of commonly used words along with their synonyms and antonyms, aimed at enhancing language skills in scientific and technical writing. It includes exercises for selecting words that best express meanings and opposites, as well as a variety of vocabulary-building activities. This resource is designed to assist learners in understanding and utilizing a broader range of vocabulary effectively.

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7 views61 pages

Answer Key

The document provides a comprehensive list of commonly used words along with their synonyms and antonyms, aimed at enhancing language skills in scientific and technical writing. It includes exercises for selecting words that best express meanings and opposites, as well as a variety of vocabulary-building activities. This resource is designed to assist learners in understanding and utilizing a broader range of vocabulary effectively.

Uploaded by

shdowknight244
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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is ha OUT eT hye OT & ' Language Skills - @ scanned with OKEN Scanner pelow are some of the commonly: used words j ARTIFICIAL B. Natural 3, MORTAL B. Immortal 4, QUIESCENT [Link] ARROGANT 4. Humble 6. EXTRAVAGANCE D. Cheap 7. PERTINENT D. Irrelevant NITY 8, Humility 9. TRANSPARENT C. Opaque 0, IMPASSE B, Breakthrough FICKLE (. Steadfast 2. HYPOCRITICAL 4. Sincere + REVEALED '. Concealed MINOR . Major STRINGENT (. Lenient 17. Lucip C. Obscure 18. ENCOURAGE C. Discourage 19. DEFIANCE B. Obedience 20. PRELIMINARY A. Final [Link] D. Lose 22. VIRTUOUS, A. Wicked 23. VIOLENT C. Gentle 24. CONCEDE, B. Refuse 25, STATIONARY B. Mobile 26, MOUNTAIN D. Valley 27, LIABILITY B. Assets 28. BALANCE D. Imbalance 29, SYNTHETIC [Link] 30. ALIEN A, Native word Which best expresses the opposite meaning, 31. INDUSTRIOUS B. Indolent 32. ENMITY C. Friendship 33. ADHERENT B. Enemy 34, DENSITY A. Rarity 35. TRANSPARENT C. Opaque @ scanned with OKEN Scanner 3, Each sentences below consist of a word or 3 pl words or phrases. Select the word or phrase which is closes ( the bold word or phrase. 1) abounds Blacks 2) feasible A. impractical 3) resist C. welcome 4) comprehensive C. indifferent 5) impracticable C. feasible 6) asset B. liability 7) humility C. arrogance 8) abhor A. admire 9) intelligent A. dull 10) zeal A. indifference 11) insipid A. lively 12) initiated B. closed sm 13) enthu: C. indifference 14) abandoned A, supported 15) following B. proceeding 16) superficial. C. profound 18) confirms C. contradicts 19) inevitable B. prevent 20) magnanimity B. meanness 21) prudent B. reckless 22) massive A. meager 23) accelerate B, slacken 24) pernicious B. beneficial hrase which is bold t 0 the OPPOSITE in meaning of = followed by four 25) rebuked D. praised 26) superficial, C. profound 27) following C. preceding 28) applauded ‘A. disapproved 29) meager D. adequate 30) congenial ‘A. disagreeable for 31) affluence A. indigence 32) disparage B. praise 33) incidental, A. intentional 34) tactful B. naive @ scanned with OKEN Scanner 4. 5. 6. Ans 7. Ans: 8. Ansi 9. Ans: 10. Ans: 1. Ans: 12. Ans: a -iv, belli, ei, de i dei id, ii-a, iii-b, ive iii-d, vee tind, ili ib, iin, if ied, ji-a, ive © @ scanned with OKEN Scanner A. Add suitable prefix to the following words Mogie Aground Mismanage Incomplete Impure Unskilled Insensitive Inter nationa Unprofessional Under value Impenetrate Personal computes nonsense Disorganize Flowchart unemotional impersonal informal enforce unspecific photoelectric Refresh Disadvantages Discomfort Re Vainglory Un spoilt yele Inedible Relay Uninterested Imprint Telephone Micro phone Neoclassic Inopportune Immature ‘A. Add suitable Lobjective____ 2yprefer____— 3.accept__ [Link] S,contamina. associate__— 8.comple__ 9.compet___ 10,mainten, Hobrid____ 12.destruct__ [Link], [Link], 15 .transae. 16.reli__ 17.reliabil__ [Link] 19,profession_ [Link], 2idevelop___ [Link]. [Link] [Link]. [Link]. i [Link] mechanic [Link] [Link] 30 suburb requirement contamination displacement association completion competence maintenance bridal/groom destruction/ive abnormally/it) impurity transaction relianee reliability exceptional professional/ism commercial/ialization developer/ment natural needful less/ly hazardous correspondence/ent procession/ional/or mechanical/ism administration/ive sailor suburban al @ scanned with OKEN Scanner [Link] 3, international [Link] 1 improve ment 2, vibrat tion 3, maintain ance 4, refer ence 5. interfere ence 6, cultiva tion 7. invest ment 8. 1. 1. multinational 2. malnourished 3. miscommuni 4, beautify 5. sensitivi 8.(i) improvement (iii) maintenance (i) interference (iii) investment Wa) Unrelenting 11... protection 12. a. disassociate fortune ‘suttilateral semi-conductor physic al natur al tradition al season al biochem iei environment technolog ical reason able. vibration reference b- attraction (ji) cultivation {iv) acceptance b) Impurity purification insufficient (b) i) (iii) cc. uncommon disfunction Submarine invisible irrelevant unpollution impurity 6 1. simpitfy 2, Weightle 3. Microscope 4 5. |. Speedometer submerge 6, requirement 7. unreliable 8. construction 9, advantageous 10, continuous | "1 2. 13. subzero 14, hypertension 15. understandable 16, submerged 17. multi ional 18, impurity 19, microscope physical (ii) natural \ traditional (iv) seasonal | biochemical (ii) environmental technological (iv) reasonable Insensitive d) Disadvantage \ [Link] d, abnormal @ scanned with OKEN Scanner 4 illegal 5. dislike 13. 1. inability 2, non-violence 3, misfortune ‘table 6. irregular 7. immoral 8, unsuital M4, . jent a. protection —_b, acceptance c. development 7 paraeatst information f. preference g. management me 15.a) hyperactive b) subsoil, —_¢) ultrasonic d) hypermarket 16. a, amendment b. specification c. inaction d. generalization 17. unsuitable b. imperishable c. disconnect 4. irregular 18. a) microorganism —_b) multiplex ) under nourished d) under employed 19. subzero, ultrasonic, Hypertension, Infrared 20. 1. dissimilar 2. illogical [Link] 21. 1. journalism 2. surprisingly 22, bio medical, self reliant, nanotechnology: 23. dislocate, Deforestation, Inapplicable, and Requirement. 24. Extraordinary, Forecast, Hyper sensitive, monochrome. 25, Interstate, super/mega star, mismatch, disown. 26. | impossible 2. unintelligible 3. indefinite 4, discourage 27. incapacity capacitate ——_demeasure measurable scientific deactive inactive semiconduct conductor semiconductor conductive capacitor actor 28. Insert the right prefixes into the spaces. in re 1 expensive useable. > mal inter 2 functions face cable, multi dis plexor connected @ scanned with OKEN Scanner Im 4 10. proper fer re mize bi pheral in active B al(<8) hexa regular 19, Insert the right suffixes into the spaces. er |, programm perform’ = yst __ all anal organization er able 3. print prefer er er 4. mmierocomput compil or ly 5 operat great in 6. Spool 2 stort in less Turn = paper ing lop” produc al glare im possible format lingual pit out put annual decimal written er comput jon ize a act ‘maxim efficien™ print = able programm ance Perform! Jy temporari process it ive ing environ expens sav ion ing increasing applicat grow @ scanned with OKEN Scanner A WORD FORMATION environmentally environment environmental a Pollution Polluted pollute Destruction destructive destroy destructively Prevention preventive prevent preventively conservation conservative conserve conservatively protection protective protect protectively disaster disastrous a disastrously variety various vary variously B. NOUN ADJECTIVE VERB ADVERB communication | communicative | communicate | communicatively expression expre: express, expressively meaning meaningful mean meaningfully information informative inform informatively conclusion conclusive conclude conclusively " encouragement | encouraging encourage encouragingly writing written rite 7 art + artistically c Recover Recovery recoverable recoverably —, develop Development developmental developmentably Solute Solution soluble Advise advising advisable Generate generation generative generatively @ scanned with OKEN Scanner > EE D va noun jf" information gplole Explosion uotive motivation cine continuation pang imagination pefine definition gyplain explanation plete Depletion aative Derivation valle faluation Destroy Destruction Inpress Magnetize Flectrify Compare insulate Insulation Contaminate Contamination introduce introduction Comode corrosion Grow growth Fr Give the FE, Give the en Re tras ‘Adjective form of the following following 7 1. Reliable 1. Mente 2, Disputable 2. Derivation 3. Active 3. Weakness 4. Suitable 4. Dispo 5, Recoverable 5. Observation 6. 6. Depletion 7, Communicative Requirement s, Generative S. Stabilisation 9, Penetrative Fy 10, Productive 10. Conductor q7 adjective informative explosive Mot vated continuative imaginative definite explanative depleted destructive impies magneti Blectric comparable insulating contaminated Introductory Corrosive Growing G. Give the Verb form off the following Beautif Stabil Recover Strong Derive Produce Classily Purify Act @ scanned with OKEN Scanner Me H. Complete the following form of the word. Verb Noun Adjective 1 Rely Reliance Reliable (AU Dec 2003) 2. Stagnate Stagnation Stagnant 3. Generate Generation Generative oe Restoration Restorative Ss. Maintain Maintenance Maintainable (AU May 2004) 6. Contaminate contamination : 7. Inform Information Informative 8. Motivate Motivation motivated 9 Generate generation generative (AU Dee 2004) 10, Simplify simplification I. Require Requirement required 12. Dispose disposal Disposable 13. explode explosion explosive (AU May 2005) 14, Protect protection protective 15, conserve conservation conservative (AU May 2006) 16, produce production productive (AU May 2006) 17, create creation creative (AU Dee 2008) 18, inform information informative 19. Consider consideration > consideration 20. Describe description descriptive 21. Imagine imagination imaginative 22. Enable : enabled (AU Jan 2009) 23. Attract attraction attractive 24. conclude Conclusion coneluding 25. Educate education educative 26. economise economy economic (AU Dec 2010) 27. defy defiance defiant 28. Globalize globe global 29. Intensify intensity intensive (AU Jan 2011) 30. break breakage breakable 31 Solve solution ble Express expression expressive 33. Develop development developed @ scanned with OKEN Scanner fe a ——___ ee Weaken prighten coy ‘Compare investigate Associate Naturalize Destroy Rely Recover deplete Require Derive Stabilize treat Move Prevent Converge Verify Act classify Perform Explore Explode Penetrate Calculate Corrode Value Disinfect reciprocat Report employ edit Weakness brightness envy comparison ‘investigation association nature destruction reliance recovery depletion requirement derivation ‘stabilization ‘treatment motion. prevention convergence verification action classification performance oration explosion penetration alculatio corrosion valuation disi ios safety reciprocation reporter employment edition Pure (AU Jan 2010) weak bright enviable comparative (AU Jan 2012) investigative reliable, recoverable depleted required. derivative stable treated, | movable | ‘convergent. verifiable editorial @ scanned with OKEN Scanner a1. Compose Computerize proliferate Experiment Systematize Specutate Signify Manipulate Narrate opress Perforate Argue Separate inaugurate Innovate Legislate Interrogate Cohere Coincide nominate Publish ertain Digest Officiate cramping emergence energiser confession defender composer computerisation proliferation speculation vibration restoration closeness operation season signification nipulati narration oppression perforation argument - : separation inauguration innovation legislation interrogati, coherence coincidence nomination ublication ment digestion office emergent energetic confession: defendable composed experimental systematic speculative vibratory restorative closed operative seasoned significative manipulative narrative oppressive perforation arguable separable inaugural innovative legislative interrogative coherent coincidental nominative published entertaining digestive tl @ scanned with OKEN Scanner aoa PRONOuNS B. 1) him 1) myself 2) my, yours 2) himself 3) him 3) themselves 4)1my 4) himself 1) mine 2) ours 3) theirs 4) yours: 5) hers 6) hers 7) his, mine them 1 the dress her 2 Leela in him he 3 the jeans 4 Ritika hem they they They They them 5 Ritika and Malini 6 Ritika 7 Muthu and Hari 8 Taigu @ scanned with OKEN Scanner lone 7h 8 They 9 ourselves 10 her Ime 6 ones 7 there 8 each other's 9else Sit 2 everyone/everybody 6 something 3 herself Aone Tone 8 You 9 ourselves: | a @ scanned with OKEN Scanner |. Fallin the co rm Of the iackets (Comparative or supertatives J. bigger more beautiful 3, most interesting 4, longs 5, biggest 6. more exciting 7. better 8, most beautiful 9. worse 10, heavier appropriate forms of the adjectives piven in ackets, J. most useful 2 taller faster more precious, worse 1 Complete the following sentences with the suitable forms of compara- five adjectives, 1 casi hea per more efficient 4 more attractive stronger © more favourable nore powerful Heater better 10. purer Words in B. Choose the correet fo n of adjec- fives from the options provided. Ve than 2. bi er 3, than 4, best 5. worse 6. the nicest 7, farther 8. as Ci 1 suitable adjectives from the list to fill in the blanks in the following pai enormous. E, Fill in the bla of the adjectives give (a) harder (a) better (b) more expensive age on gold. unique, costly, s with the comparative forms in brackets. (©) wiser @ scanned with OKEN Scanner Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with comparative forms of the adjectives giv en in brackets: in the blanks in the following sen- Ue lade! teaces with comparative forms of the ad- 2. more expensive jectives given in brackets: 3. simpler 1. more interesting more ferocious 2. longer 5. better 3. larger 6. costlier 4, more difficult 7. cheaper 5. faster 8. more popular 6. denser 9. more difficult 10, more convenient 1. more precious K. Supply the appropriate forms of 12. taller the adjectives using the underlined 13, more intelligent words: 14, mightier 1. bigger 15, more popular 2. taller 16, hea 3. harder 17, more powerful 4, more comfortable 18, more sophisticated 5. better 19. faster 6. nicer 7. heavier 1. Complete the newspaper article with the correct §, more interested comparative or superlative form of the adjective. oe 1. youngest, higher 10, better 2. most intelligent, greater 11. bigger 3. better, cleverer 12. more beautiful J. Complete the advertisements below with the comparative form of the adjectives in the box. (a) Spot- free cleans your face more thoroughly than any other cleanser. (b) Ouik- pix prints your photos faster than anyone else. (c) Snveve- free makes you fell better in record time. (al) Weigh lesser in weeks with Kilo- killer: (c) Score higher in 1Q test with the 1Q- cube es @ scanned with OKEN Scanner L. Fil h compara- forms of the adjectives given in easier more difficult better easier more popular more boring larger . cleverer . more colourful . cleverer . colder M. Fill in the blanks with compara- tive forms of the adjectives given in brackets: closer larger more brilliant hotter bigger more powerful older more beautiful . brighter 10, more exper 11. smaller 12. more experienced 13. colder PRI AVERY NO LN. Use the adjectives in the box once only to fill the gaps- crn” means you use it twice.) 1 farther 2. cleaner. 3. the worst 4 better 5 6 more dangerous big 7 more exp 8 the 9 the cheapest 10 the biggest ensive OR more luxurious most luxurious OR the most expensive @ scanned with OKEN Scanner , SINGLE WORD SUBSTITUTES 5, 6, accurate, 7. acid, 8. acoustics, 9 1. abacus, 2. absorb, 3. accelerate, 4, accumulate, 5. a acronym, 10. activate, 11, adopt, 13. adulterate, 14. aerodynamics, 15. acrospace, 16. afloat, 17. agronomy, 18. air brush, 19. air conditioner, 20. apparatus, 21. atom, 22. bacteria, 23. ballistics, 24, binary, 25. brake, 26. bronze, 27. bytes, 28. caliberation, 29. calligraphy, 30. camera, 31. career, 32. cell, 33. cement, 34, chimney, 35. coal, 36. code, 37. coke, 38. croon, 39. cycle, 40. dairy, c, 45. device, 46. devise, 47. dynamo, 48. 41, data, 42. dam, 43, deforestation, 44, demonstra echo, 49. ecology, 50. economy, 51. effluent, 52. environment, 53. epicenter, 54. experiment, 55. family, 56. filament, 57. light, 58. fluorescent, 59. fungus, 60. furnace, 61. gadget, 62. galaxy, 63. hemisphere, 64. horology, 65. hybrid, 66. industry, 67. internet, 68, jack, 69. juice, 70. kiln, 71. Kleptomania, 72. labour, 73. layette, 74. liquid, 75. machine, 76. mathematics, 77. telescope, 78. motor, 79. museum, 80. nitrogen, 81. novice, 82. optometry, $3. omithology, 84. psychology, 85 pyrotechnics, 86. quartz, 87. quorum, 88. radiography, 89. repository, 90. sachet, 91. spanner, 92. spot-welding, 93. system, 94. tanker, 95. technology, 96. theology, 97. thesaurus, 98. ultrasonic, 99. universe, 100. valve, 101. virus, 102. watt, 103. weld, 104. zoology. @ scanned with OKEN Scanner 1. Complete the following sentences ys arfect Continuous? ae sim Perfee Choose the right answer, iple Past, Past Continuous, Past Perfect, or Past 1, discovered 2. bought . visited 4, didn’t work 3. was watching 6, was walking slept 8. was working 9. had already left 10, Had been reading > Complete the biography of Bill Gates by choosing the correct verb form of Past simple, past continuous and past perfect simple. came ad inherited helped ne ere handing ~ skipping @ scanned with OKEN Scanner ee 3. Complete the sentences using Simple Present, Present Continuous, Present Perfech, or Present Perfect Continuous? Choose the right answer, 1. goes: 7. iscooking 10, have been writing 4. Complete the following sentences using Sim- ple Future, Future Continuous, Future Perfect, or Future Perfect Continuous? Choose the right answer. 1. will help 2. will be sleeping 3. will call. 4, will be working 5. will be going 6. will be wearing 7. will have left 8. will have spent 9, will have been working 10, won't tell @ scanned with OKEN Scanner “Fill in the forms given in s,s increased - comes ts, are shielded brackets. p. result met 4g. had been living ¢ had arrived f. boils g. was crossing h had been working j, had finished j. will respond kis working, had visited 1. found [Link] face, will, accommodates, is n. are, doing o. attracts p. went g. have, developed C. Fill in the blanks wit! given in brackets. | was, started, migrated, is working is working, changed, migrated, is gives, is launched 1 2. 3. was, accepted, 4 5, has been raining, stopped 6. came, believed, will lead, was 7. had occurred 8. are, doing 9. was having 10, have developed 11. has taken 12. has been working blanks with suitable verbs was working, wrote, B. Fill in the blanks with suitable verbs forms given in brackets. 1. causes, is is, will lock, created, grows, will break, make 2, deal, includes, working, will discuss, intend 3. took, perished, was, ceased, erupted, hit, has stalked 4. seemed, motivated, could, became, found 5. was, started, got, am working h suitable verbs forms the blanks with suitable verbs forms D. Fill i given in brackets. made up is already suffering will emerge are coming had launched are was, started, migrated, is working mayen @ scanned with OKEN Scanner = ————. E. Fill in the blanks with suitable verbs forms given in brackets. 1. is, has learnt, analyses. plans 145 the blanks with suitable verbs forms given jn 2. was working, had visited i brackets. 3. found, has increased 4 es 1. were absent — 2. is working, have initiated, has been, travels 6. would have replied 3. penetrating, is produced, radiation, attracts ‘7. preparing 4, was, were telecasted by, will use, are employed 8. expands aa ae 5. had been won 6. had forgotten, are waiting, has taken eee 7. happens, works out, are thinking, were dead 8. uses G. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate tense forms of the verbs given within brackets. 1. am studying, completing, would intend, am inter- ested are collected, is brought, is mixed, wet ground was working, had visited found, will increase H. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate tense forms of the verbs given within brackets. hey 2) are speaking, are decoding b) am preparing c) was graduated 1. Fill in the blanks with the correct verb. 1. malfunction > catches 6. never wom would have replied is preparing @ scanned with OKEN Scanner 1. Rewrite the following sentences in the passive voiee (AUD jee 2002) tomatic print i i . 7 Ee ae ee Bee of a as introduced by Indian Airlines in major cities. be produced by 4 ‘fi e det . s. 4. Huge investments were made in oil - rich countries by multinational companies. e Radiation measuring instruments were used by us to monitor radiation levels {Pumps can be maintained by users themselves. ; 2. Change the following into passive voice: (AU 2004) a. Cables are being laid in every nook and comer of the city by the Electricity board. b.A gift worth Rs.1000/ was given to all self help groups by the social welfare organization. c. The metal surfaces will be prevented by this from coming into contact. 4d, The art of jewellery making was known as early a 3000 BC to the Egyptians. 3. Rewrite the sentences as directed (AU Dec 2004) a. The Management requires data on capacity utilisation. b. The meteorological information was found very useful by the crew. 4. Change the following sentences as directed (AU Jan 2005) a. The seed for any type of behaviour can ‘be best sown by the teachers at a tender age. i il to dams. ined by Bhutan. This problem can be easily solved. This pump can be maintained by users t Thousands of electricity devices were PF “. Various methods have been employed b hemselves. ‘oduced by China every year W fife science companies to control the global bio-in- strial ma : cial occasions Tr ceteecte Hal was used byte eutoriieg Oot €2 epee z arly as ‘. | The Egyptians knew the art of jewel y 'U June 2007) 5. Rewrite the following sentences i ¢ tors in the revised edition, The broad themes of the original Jlery making as ie passive voice: (Al rave been retained by the & | book hi by the omithologist over a period of two months, ). The activities of the ow! were observed @ scanned with OKEN Scanner a U Jan 2011) 7. Change the following into passive voice: (A es of i a. The outstanding scientists were given awards b. The climate change is being discussed by all sections of people today, 8 Change the following into active voice: (AU April 2011) : a. Engine Management Computers can co-ordinate fuel injection. b. The satellite has sent 2 picture of the moon. 9. Do as directed: (AU June 2011) : 2. The art of jewellery making was known as early as 3000 BC to the Egyptians. b. The control rods control the nuclear reactor. 10. Change the following in passive form: 1. The two surfaces should be pressed together by them. 2. The fire- box should be linked to the fire ~ plate. 3. The rate of change in momentum should be calculated. 4. The temperature must be increased. 5. The pressure in the boiler should be measured by the students. 6. The transmission should be continued on a different wave length. 7. The result of the experiment should be discussed. 11, Put the sentences into passive voice. 1. These houses were built by them in 1902. 2. Acake was baked by her every Sunday 3. The vase was broken by him yesterday. 4, The shoes are cleaned by him every Friday. 5. An excercise was written by us an hour ago. 6. 7 8. .. This load is used very often by them. His car was taken by the thieves. . All the flights were cancelled by them 9. Truth was told by Brian 10. The dishwasher is always loaded by her. 11. Shopping is done by him sometimes, 12, Peter was taken to the hospital by ambul ! ance. 13, The camp was flooded by rain @ scanned with OKEN Scanner was served at 4 by hi | 1p. Rewrite the sentences in passive yoicg ‘The tickets were usually bought by hi 1 the flights were booked by us. ie 4. The bottle was opened by him easily, 4. 5 f My shoes are cleaned by her, ‘The burglars were arrested by them, 6, The note was written by him, 7, The car was washed by him §. The key was found by her. 9, His coin collection were sold by him, 10, Anew system has been started by us, 1. His car was stolen by someone. 12. The towels were used by them, 13. The TV was turned on by them. Rewrite the sentences in passive voice. Babu was offered a job by Ford. You will be sent a fax by my partner. Lam given some pocket money by my parents. People were promissed new flats by the Mayor. Students will be shown slides by the teacher. They will be lent enough money by the bank. ‘They were given a discount by the Manager. Rewrite the sentences in the more natural form of passive voice. Jinu has been sent a postcard. I will be given a new chance. She was told a bad news. Students have bought millions of books each year. Amit will be offered his place. Sopna must be sent this information. My mom had been given such a present. The Simpsons sold the garden. His parents have been shown @ letter. 1) Workers will be promised higher wages: @ scanned with OKEN Scanner IMPERSONAL PASSIVE VOICE 1. Change the following into impersonal Passive: (AU June 2006) a. The new machinery was successfully installed. b, Operations can be carried out on a CNC machine. ¢. Cell phones should be avoided while driving. 4. Enough money should be saved for future. e. The beaker should be placed on the desk. £. Human problems can be solved 2. Change the following into impersonal passive voice «(AU May 2008) a. Battery of the car should be checked everyday. b. Your car should be washed once a month. ©. Your car should be sent to the workshop once in 6 months. 4d. Your car insurance should be renewed every year: 3, Change the following into impersonal passive :( AU Dee 2010) a. The performance of the employees is being reviewed. . Thin grease is used as a lubricant in ball bearings. |. Change the following sentences into impersonal passive: (AU Dec 2008) It was thought that Columbus never realised that he had discovered America. . Japanese will be spoken at the meeting. cee impersonal passive: ball bearings. 5, Rewrite each of the followi 1. Thin grease is used as a lubricant 2. Care must be taken not to damage the spanner. 3. Many workers were employed this year. 4, Heat for welding is generated in many ways. 5. Two metal plates were welded together. 6 7 8. . The metal was prevented from corroding. . Hundreds of cars were produced and incurred heavy less every year. This shiny metal is called as mercury. 9. Twenty milliliter concentrated Sulphur 10. The electric motor is operated carefully. acid is being pipetted out. 6. Change into impersonal passive statements, 1, Attention has been focused on the emerging trends of technology. 2. Several innovations have been introduced in the design of the latest automobile. 3. Anew bridge is being constructed across the ri : 7 4, In this day and age, more appli 5. Care must taken not to dama; 6. A little water is boiled in a tin ¢: 7, Two metal plates wet ver. ions are found than were ever conceived possible. the machines, until the steam fills the can clamped together 8. Expeditions © made into C : Expeditions were made into the middle and west of the country, often under the most ait! i @ scanned with OKEN Scanner ions of tons of coal is produc Many operations can be carr at week, {1 Care must be taken not to damage the na ae, 12, Low- speed bearings can be lubricated ey D 13. Heat for welding may be generated in ma h grease. ti Damage to the shaft will be prevented. 15 Heat for welding can be generated in many ways 16. This type fetal ds Be bast into very, conuplivat d 17 The malfunctions of the telephone has been set ed shapes, {[Link] has been made in passing these orders - 9. Yet another fraudulent finance company pro} sprietor aa 30, The supply of wine had been exhausted. heen arrested condi Mill +, Change into impersonal passive: |. Metal surfaces will be prevented from coming into conta: 2, Barometer is used to measure atmospheric pressure. 3 This room is used only on special occasions. +L Several innovations have been introduced in the design of the latest automobile Heat can be generated for welding in several ways ¢: The community type -hybrid solar cooker is used for cooking a large quantity of food. 7A Vee — shaped weld is normally preferred §. Electric current is passed across the electrodes. 9, Water can be stored in tanks. 10. The flask is heated on a Bunsen burner. 11 Several new products have been marketed last year 12 Gold is accepted as a medium of international exchange, 15. Several innovations have been introduced in the latest mobile. |. The dual purpose bicycle is ower small scale agricultural implements. used to p 15, Two residual current device have been introduced. 4. Change into impersonal passive statements. Jed in a tin can until the steam fills the can. fed forty years ago. ‘atest tube. |. Water is boil This house was constructé 20m| of the solution was taken in srsonal passive: of behaviour at a tender age. inder the Industrial Development Commi tof inertia and reduced air resistance. J. Rewrite each of the following in impe! for good type ‘constituted ul 4 to have low moment rich countries. used to monitor 12 jioner The seed can be best sown Separate Committees would be A motor eyele has been designe Huge investments are made in oil uments are diation levels. Radiation measuring inst oduce’ Enormous amount of enerBy 4? ee re and pain duce deterBem's Or roduced in major cities. Coa r ‘oal can be used to pro reece in The automatic printing of tiekels @ scanned with OKEN Scanner PRESENT. arive awake bear become begin bend bid bite blow weak bing burst buy build ean eatet choose clingy come eve) hy REGULAR & IRREGULAR VERBE PAN Anse: awakened dow became epan ent bade bit ‘Mew broke trong Unurst bought Dui coud cat chose clung, came erept hay slid PeRebet anise avaketied dome woowne oj tent Wwatton Iwiton own Divken Unt Inst Dont Ait etl eauhit chosen chi exe ewpt dag, don happen py ANUESENT vtntnnh vive wal alt Wwe Aight Ain Aine Hangin Hionwahe tivwne net nive mn pw Than have Hoa Wine toll oxy Aa Wy Want haan Ahan aw wll Alt Aint Aint Aint Ainuive Hionank ine yn yotton, ve wait nt Any tal want wl Wht twat hop hw Aad wehbe vik Ahi vate Athen (oll Aint Ninn Aijuation Aangivent Ninvanhoy tiv ya nivel ne yn Hiv fat gut Walton Wot Wun hay Anuvn ait @ scanned with OKEN Scanner pay raise (lift) wide ving, tise un sy see sell shake learned left lent lay meant met paid raised rode rang rose ran said saw sold shook shone slune (polish) shined lhnot lua shot showed sat slew slept sneaked learned let lent lin meant met paid raised ridden rung risen nin said seen sold shaken shone shined shot shown shrunk sung sunk sal slain slept sneaked souk spend spin stand steal ating, ntrow whike ntrive swear swim swing take teach lear tell think throw tread wake wear weave win wring, write VAN spoke spent spun stood tole stun, sitrewed sie srove swore swam swung, ook foupht tore told AHhowyht threw tod waked wore wove won wrung, wrote MeL spoken spent “pun loud stolen slung, stewed struck sariven won swan ny taken tat tom fold thought thrown trodden waked wom woven won waning, written @ scanned with OKEN Scanner 1 1,1) probably 2)easily 3) often, normally 6) slowly, quickly 7) definitely 8) immediately 10) early up the exercises with Adi 1, He spoke fluently, 2. I paint the door speedily. 3. They cleaned the road neatly. 4. The girl spoke wisely. 5. Kannan did the homework carelessly up the exercises with Adverbs of Tit Iwas late to school yesterday. He came one hour ag ‘The end soon comes, 1 was waiting in the bus stop until 5 pm Mr. Ajay formerly lived here. 4, Fill up the exe th Adverbs of Fre- queney 1, Gandhiji never spoke lies 2. They often make mistakes 3. Thave played chess once. 4, The postman called 5. We rarely play cricket ADVERBS (P.N' 9 137-139) 4) always 5) completely 9) alternatively erbs of Manner 5, Fill up the exercises Adverbs Whe does he go? When will they come? 1 2. 3. Why are you so tr 4, How did you man: 6. Fill up the exercises with Adverbs of Place ‘The guide followed them everywhere. 2. My parents are living here 3, She works there, 4. Rahul is within the room. 5 ‘The dogs have run away, up the exercises with Adverbs of Degree He talks oo much You are partly correct. 3. She sings pretty well 4. Lam rather busy. 5. ‘The mangoes are almost ripe. @ scanned with OKEN Scanner 1 Slow slowly 2, Careful carefully 1, Heavy heavily 4, Terrible enribly s, Bad badly 6 Mad hardly 7. Mappy happily 4, Angry angrily ¥, Dangerous — dangerously, %. J. bigger most economical 3. wore 4, better closely 5. easier 6. more @ scanned with OKEN Scanner ———— PREPOSITIONS A. Complete the exercise with the correct prepositions. B. Fill in the bla C. Fill in the blanks with the a the correct prepositions. correet prepositions ae ese, ik foe Lof of in aoe 2 from, in, of 2, of, in, on a 4. in, for 4. of in of, in, of of to, of 3+ of in, fo, to, after, with, of eae 4. in , of, in, of, of, in, of 4, on, in , of, in, in, of, 2 5. of, with, of, to 5. by, with, of, for oe 6. of, in, of, in 6. of, in, from, during . 7. in, of, by, of in 8. of, of, of, of 10. for 11. by D.(aof —_(b) for (in (in E, (a) to () of (c) beneath (d) By F.l)on 2)of,of,at 3)by 4)in,by S)atof 6)in 7)for,on &)by, for 9)on 10) inof G. Complete the exercise with the correet preposi on in In by, in in By of OU EwNe He We Qe 3)a 4c 5b 6b Tb gb Ob Ine @ scanned with OKEN Scanner ———__ CC CONJUNCTIONS A. Use suitable conjunction to link the sentences, 1. The construction of the bridge has been completed yet vehicular trafic has not begun. | 2. The price of petrol has risen much but consumers have not stopped buying cars. | 3. Mini computers are very cheap and they are smaller and slower than mainframes. 4. Garbage in urban areas is dangerous to human health but it remains collected for long periods | of time, 5. Glass breaks easily but it has many useful properties. 6. Good relations existed between management and labour though there were few disputes. 7. The drivers do not obey traffic rules and the lives of - passengers are in jeopardy. S. New pipes are installed and they should first -be painted. 9. The test was very tough but many students got high marks. | 10. The pressure inside the boiler increased so the safety valve has not opened. 11. Robots would perform not merely mechanical operations but they would react to unforeseen circumstances. 12. As the population of the world goes up the demand for food also goes up. 13. Science fiction has projected robots as nightmarish automations but the industrial robots now in use are not dreadful. 14, Raja worked hard but he did not sueceed. 15, Even though Nuclear power plant has many disadvantages, many developing countries have plans to build new nuclear power plants B. Complete the following sentences by supplying suitable conjunctions. 1. When 2. but 3. when 4. that, when @ scanned with OKEN Scanner ULL A COLLOCATIONS 1, Suspicious manner 2, Odd jobs 3. Delicious meal 4, Rich harvest 5. False charges 6, Short-tempered 7, Unsuccessful attempt 8. New invention B. . 1, Quiet behaviour 5. Fine mansion 2. Silly idea 6. Small house 3. Stale food 7. Large heart 4, Beautiful princess 8. Great delight c 1.C 2B 3C 4D 5B 6A 7.C D. 1. Splendid performance 4, Creepy place [Link] sounds —_3. Ridiculous notion 5. Incredible luck 6. Tough time i | @ scanned with OKEN Scanner FIXED/ SEMI FIXED EXPRESSIONS 1. Rewrite the following sei mtences using the ‘orreet form of fixed expresslons: 1. She's so very pleased with her new ¢ 2. Team assure you that it is a pleasure to deal with you, 3. Jack feels very strongly about the need for a new park in town, 4, Ithas come to our attention that your daughter has missed five classes, 5. I'd like to thank you on behalf of our company. 6. That sounds like a wonderful opportunity! 7. He's got mixed feelings about his new school, 8. I'm sorry. I didn't eateh that, What did you say’? 9. Thank you so much for inviting me to the party! 2. Fill in the blanks by using the expression given below: 1) by hand |2) on foot }3)atfirst — 4) by cable |5) at war [6) in halt |7) out of hearing, 10) by vase |L2by | 13) out of faa 8) in tears |9) at rest aie Myatewse | sigh yon ine | in 20) out of 7 Joya [17) in sinseeret| 12) ane 15) in case, vei private 18) in secret ticuticn | doors bya 4 5) 22) out of |23) on 2A) at last oe order __| duty 1 @ scanned with OKEN Scanner SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT A. In each of the following sentences a verb in agreement with its suppl subject 1. were 2. was 3. was 4. is 5. are B. Strike out the wrong words in the following sentences: none, was are were are is veep C. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate concord, are is do believe takes have suggests take 1 2. 3, 4 5, 6 if 8 9, reduces 10. is @ scanned with OKEN Scanner r 1p. Choose the verb that agrees is 2, opens 3, speaks 4. ride 5, eats 6. were [Link] 8. plays 9. walks 10. yell 11. feel 12. feels 13. costs 14. have 15. need 16. were 17. seems. 18. looks 19. are 20. runs E. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate concord. 1. is 2. are 3. is 4. is 5. has 6. is 1. is 8. plays 9. is 10. are u. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 7. 18, 19, 20. 2 22, has has has is is is has is answers, scores, is is, is is being, is F. Fill in the blanks with the approp" concord. 1. is 2. are 3. is 4. sits 5. is 6. is 7. are 8. were 9. are 10. hope G. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate concord. HL. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate concord. has @ scanned with OKEN Scanner ee YES OR NO QUESTIONS Ky 1. Yes, I can 2. Yes, it is 3..No, he hasn't 4. Yes, I did SNo, they aren't 6. Yes, I do [Link], he isn’t 8. No, I haven’t 4 [Link], wewon't 2. Yes, Idid 3. Yes, she has 4. No, I didn’t [Link],shedoes 6. No, wearen’t_ 7. No, we can't 8. No, I’m/I am not 3) 1b) 2b) 3b) 4a) 5b) 6a) 7b) 8b) @ scanned with OKEN Scanner > | WH QUESTIONS x DA Conmgptere the diatagne With the EotEVEt Qweation Words, Row Yow S How aay Wot Where Mow Flin the approptiate Question wants When. given ta rackets, Waa Row Which Wry Wren Who What Whe Where Which BL Pow each senteites, choose the bese Wordt or phrase f9 complete the gay Hoar Me choloos below, © Complete the sentence usingeos RNIN t question wonts, 3 Gta What aA Coho s What © A How R What & Agwhe % D When 10, BR Whew as © Whiet: RQ A What @ scanned with OKEN Scanner ¥, Frame w speeltic question so as to yet the fulhuning, responses . The key wordipheraee ig underiined, 1, What is meant by Keyboard instruments, 2. Which helped Microsoft to become a succsss stony? 4, What is the sign of a healthy society/? 4, Why isn't the machinery working? 5, Who will replace human labourers in the mine in Stare’? 6, Which is called the ‘Silicon Valley’ of India? 11, Why do Polar bears dwindle in numbers’? 4, How many attempts did Edison take to invent electric lernp? 9, Who invited Ramanujan’? 10, How is the rapid development in Printing technology? G, Frame a specific question so as to get the following responses . The key word/pirase is underlined, 1, How many categories are there in Rifle shooting? [Link] does LCoS improve? [Link] is the crisis to be faced in film making? [Link] was the first steam ship built? [Link] does mosquitoes breed? [Link] is the only state that has recorded bumper wheat harvest this year? [Link] did the divers enter the submarine? [Link] do the Eskimos live? 9, How many dollars did America pay to USSR to buy Alaska? 10. Which is considered as the warm-up exercise for mountaineerin: Hi, Frame a specific question so as to get the following responses . The key word/phrase is underlined, [Link] are the remains of plants and animals that have been pr. 2. What is forrned on the banks of the river as fioods deposit sediments on 3. What is produced by nuclear fusion in the star's core while energy is emiz: [Link] was the first commercial satellite phone became operational ? [Link] are laptop computers preferred by many people? 6. Which shrinks in size as technology progresses? [Link] had put the human progress on a terrific pace? Who popularized the ererey generation from wind mills? 9. Who are the its in whale hunting? [Link] is Geld useful for making ormaments? @ scanned with OKEN Scanner GERUND & INFINITIVE |) to buy 2) to do. 3) smoking, 4) to fly 5) writing 6) to do 7) making 8) to be 9) building 10) to see waiting to open speaking tomove telling to leam going telling c 1. to win (win) 2. planning (plan) running (run) . travelling (travel) waiting (wait) getting (get) taking care (take care) . to paint (paint) 9. breaking (break) 10, dancing (dance) 11. going (go) 12. to plan (plan) 13, drinking (drink) 14, to meet (meet) SIA RY to eat (cat) to melt (melt) 4, watching (wateh) 5. to see (see) 6. to be (be) 7. to speak (speak) 8. resting (rest) (park) ig (drink), 11. repeating (repeat) 12. to talk (talk) 13. to sit down (sit down) 14, to have (have) Dz 1. accepting (accept) 2, 35 @ scanned with OKEN Scanner b K G anaes toni 2.t0 ¥e0 (90) A. tiviny Viegoing ¥ te nerve (ronve) 2 cannot. Deo buy Ato start (stati), 3. bung 4) to anawer, Sto reveive (ovwive) § emperor pe a. twhe (hs) S. tualtive sy G 2. ghting (igh, o, Wont bien Stopay pan? 7 woisten 6) visiting 9, to stay (stay) RX wety to ran 10. forgetting (forget) 9 handing: VU. ramming away (rin away) JO. not to anerstand 8) tu study 12,0 thy (in) Moto come 9) working 13, to chat (chat) 1d, Speaking. 10) to vide: 14. to shut up (shut up) 13. t0 see (gee) TRIM inv the blanks with the suitable infinitive or ys erund, to travel to fonget throwing smoking chewing surrounding visiting interesting Ring. sitwatedl . siting trapped Sereaming tery working struggling [Link] tobuy’ doing. Working experimenting feeling Hooking foappoint — designing Knowing “Estimating spending Being taking, thinking ——anguing Knowing to treat 1 Working todo writing todo to read to cheat Wo see copying to believe writing - @ scanned with OKEN Scanner REFERENCE WoRDs —_ EH ewspaper’s responsibility does i 1p, Anews Pa ¥y does not stop, when if throws A eee . . ows its columns open te art features Apa from its routine Coverage of act activities, there are many ways itt ae can proumote = Y Ways in whieh it can promote art fectively: 4.4m 1939, Germany started World war Us shy was coutident that she could eooguee ant com jyot all of Europe. She spread death and destruction over much of the continent. But, after several s of war, Germany herself began to sutter severe losses. 3). Today India Mark 1 is praised by water experts all over the world. [team pump warer Seu asdeep as 80-90 meters. Lt can also be motorised oF it or winds. 4), Rajesh worked as « farmer in a village near Sivakasi till june 1890. In july TSO, de changed his profession, After the change, he migrated to Chennai and through hard work bg beeeare ct, ‘At present, he is owner of two factories in the city, 5), Srinivasa Ramanujan was a great mathematical genius, He accepted a clerical pesstten in she Madras Port Trust Office. While he was working as a clerk, he wrote to G.H Hardy of /, 2 letter, that was to change his Univ 2 6). A terrorist group claims responsibility and warns the President that itehgin exravagare se litical demands are not met, there will be another explosion within a week, 7), So what exactly is there to envy about the life of a man? True, met have more pesticas of power, and women should be given equal opportunities to obtain such pesitons, Bur gas s hardly a reason to envy men, If their personal lives are unhappy, they’ are moore to Be pitied cham eared, §), Every organization, as soon as it gets to any size (perbaps 1.000 pecele), Begins we Es need to systematize its management of human ng Gem Roe sakol?s syndrome, memory loss following chronic alcoholism, The ts resenting Be with lists of words: after each list she would comment with surprise ox her inability werecall words, saying: 1 pride myself on my memory!” She appeared to have forgete jus ewe fot BSS 9), Indeed one of the most amnesic patients Thave ever tested was a lady & nvelved 2 memory was". 10). Appropriate technotogy isa technology that is developed to eater te he assem oe concemed with only the smnall scale technulegy nomically poor people. Also itis @ scanned with OKEN Scanner PHRASAL VERB A. Give the meaning of the phrasal verbs used in the following sentences. 1, You must have account for what you spend (=Give good reason for) 2. My friend did not back me up in my difficulty. (~Support morally) 3. She does not know how to deal with her husband. (=Tackle a person) 4, He felt out with his wife, (-quarrelled) 5. We fixed up the date of our sister’s marriage. (arranged) 6. Lasked him to get out of the room. (=leave) 7. The boy was kept in for his rudeness. (=punished) 8. [kept on writing to letters to Madhavi, (=continued) 9. We must make up for the loss. (=compensate for) 10. The police ran after the prisoner. (=pursue) B. I. watching for, work out, made up my mind, left off, looked after, turned down IL. get up, put off, tured own, rely on, broke down, put up TIL. tooks up. looks after, get on, move out, winding up, relied on TV. account for, asked for, backed on, ask for, get out, believes in, V. relieved of, washed away, beefed up, sets out, bring in, tied him up VIL. died away, drew back, keep down, hold off, held up, take in VIL. look up, went for, hit on, reeled off, looked into, run out of C. Use the appropriate phrasal verbs chosen from the given optio 1A n_[e 2 [B 31_ [A a Te 2 (|B 12_|A 2A 32_ |B a Ie 3_ Ic 3B 23 [A 33 [A BIA 4_|B 4 [ce a [B 34_[A 44_[B 5 A 15 |A 25 A 35 B 45 |B 6 |e 16 [€ 26 [A x%@ |e 7 A 7 jc 27 c 37 Cc & B 18 [A 28 Cc 38 A 9 A 19 |B 29 B 39 A 10 |B 20 [B 30. B 40 Cc @ scanned with OKEN Scanner CAUSE & EFFECTS A (j) Damage to ear drum is caused by loud h . {i) Because of chemical pollution, 'y loud homs and blaring loudspeakers. there is rise in i 1 J greenhouse effect and i (ii) Due to he ae of big dams thousands of families are praculsied, perks (iv) Owing to the depletion of bamboo forests, there is increase in soil erosion B 1, since 2, Since 3.80 4, due to 5, asa result : 6. because of 7. therefore | [Link] | C. Complete the following sentences using because of / because 1. Altemative sources of energy are being investigated because of the depletion of natural resources. 2. Because of the hard work of the employees the factory's output increased last year. 3. Copper and silver have been used for coins for thousands of years because of the rich heritage. | 4. Kerosene sellers have raised their prices because of the great demand for it. | 5. Airline passengers must pass through a security check because of the bomb threat. | 7. Objects fall to the earth because of gravitational pull §. New safety measures were introduced beeause of high fatality rate in the recent days. 9, Because of power failure all the machines stopped. 10, Because of the high pressure and temperature cast iron is not used for making 1. Coal is still a very important source of power because itis a natural resource. 12, Bamboo is used instead of metal for scaffolding because it is environment: friendly. 13. The ineome from exports has fallen/risen because of the good! trading between countries. 14, Alloys are widely used in industry because it helps to increase the cilicieney. irders. D. Join the following pairs of sentences with suitable cause and elfeets expressions, | 1, Owing to the wetness of the steam; it must be superheated. > Om account of the intense stresses involved; a high ~ carbon steel must be used. 3. Because of the high cost of labour; a mechanical stoker was installed. 4. Because of the velocity of the steam; the blades are caused to rotate 5. Because of the high air / fuel ratio; a Tot of oxygen is present in the products of combustion, @ scanned with OKEN Scanner nee eee 6, Because ofthe dust particles in the atmosphere; accurate observation is very difficult 7. Owing to the need to dispose of waste products; the installations must be sited near the sea. 4. Due to the size and complexity of the plants required; only a few countries possess them. 49. Due to the expansion or contraction ofthe shafi; axial movement of the bearing takes place. 10, Owing to the increase in temperature; there is an increase in pressure. 11, Because of their enormous lifting capacity; electro ~ magnets are used. 12, Due to their greater viscosity; liquids are less likely to leak than gases. 13. On account of the expense of the project; government assistance is necessary. 14, Due to the expansion of the shaft; misalignment occurs at the bearings. 15, Due to the provision of heat exchangers; the efficiency was increased. E. Combine each pair of sentences given below using: as, 1. He took a taxi since there was only half an hour for the train to leave. 2. L called a mechanic because I knew next to nothing about cars. 3. You can approach him as he is in position to help. 4, She got the promotion because she worked hard. 5. As he made me angry | slapped him. Complete the following sentences using consequently/to cause. 1. New machinery was installed consequently lot of time was saved. 2. Rigorous smoking consequently may lead to lung cancer. 3. Aluminum is light consequently it is costly enough. 4, The car’s ignition system was damp consequently it was sent to the workshop. 5. There was a sudden rise in temperature consequently pressure also increased. 5. The spare parts failed to arrive consequently the repair work was delayed. 7. DDT was sprayed over the malarial swamp consequently the spread of the disease was controlled, 8. A number of new techniques have been introduced in the factory over the last five years to cause an increase in the output. 9. Plastics are persistent to atmospheric erosion consequently environmental pollution. 10, Heavily ~ leaded petrol consequently lead to engine failure. 11. Irrigation has been brought to the arca consequently agricultural production also increased. 12. Inadequate maintenance of the machine caused frequent operation failure. 12, The new machines are difficult to operate consequently training was imparted to the workers, @ scanned with OKEN Scanner the atmosphere; accurate observation is very difficult, 6. Because of the dust particles 7. Owing to the need to dispose of waste products; the installations must be sited near the sea 8. Due to the size and complexity of the plants required; only a few countries possess them, 9. Due to the expansion or contraction of the shaft; axial movement of the bearing takes place. 10. Owing to the increase in temperature; there is an increase in pressure 11. Because of their enormous lifting capacity; electro - magnets are used. 12. Due to their greater viscosity; liquids are less likely to leak than gases. 13. On account of the expense of the project; government assistance is necessary. 14. Due to the expansion of the shaft; misalignment occurs at the bearings. 15. Due to the provision of heat exchangers; the efficiency was increased. E. Combine each pair of sentences given below using: as, since, because 1. He took a taxi since there was only half an hour for the train to leave. 2. 1 called a mechanic because I knew next to nothing about cars. 3. You can approach him as he is in position to help. 4, She got the promotion because she worked hard. 5. As he made me angry I slapped him. F, Complete the following sentences using consequently/to cause. 1. New machinery was installed consequently lot of time was saved. 2. Rigorous smoking consequently may lead to lung cancer. 3. Aluminum is light consequently it is costly enough. 4, The car’s ignition system was damp consequently it was sent to the workshop. 5. There was a sudden rise in temperature consequently pressure also increased. 5, The spare parts failed to arrive consequently the repair work was delayed. 7. DDT was sprayed over the malarial swamp consequently the spread of the disease was controlled. 8. Anumber of new techniques have been introduced in the factory over the last five years to cause an increase in the output. 9. Plastics are persistent to atmospheric erosion consequeatly environmental pollution, 10, Heavily — leaded petrol consequently lead to engine failure. IL. Irrigation has been brought to the area consequently agricultural production also increased. 12. Inadequate maintenance of the machine caused frequent operation failure. 13. The new machines are difficult to operate consequently training was imparted to the worket @ scanned with OKEN Scanner 1, Hiapand the following compound wor Atoxeutel laboratory (May 2002) Mains eloctivity (May 2002) “Aluminium extivetion (Dew 2002) pave travel (Deo 2002) Stwel bos (Dee 2002) Information vente (May 2003) “Computer diagnos (May 2008) Resourees utilization (May 103) iver extraction( May 2003) Temperature drop (Dee 2 COMPOUND WORDS Juboratory foe research, olvetticitly whieh comes fran mains, the extiaetion of wluminian, Havel in-or to opie Dox made of steel contte for giving, iiformation diagnosis made by compu utilization of resources, extraction of silver, cable conducting, power, hop in temperature, Roller mill (May 2 mill for rolling, nut of the kind which locks, Caleulation Control centre (Jan 2005) Power soure Cassette tape, (AU May 7008) Arithmetic Unit ‘ol engine (AU Jan 2006) wouree (May 2007) centre from where control is exerted, tower that controls, source from which / where power is obtained, tape of unit in which arithmetic operations are performed. supine that runs on petrol, nource from which energy in obtained, Workshop machi ry in or for a/ the workshop. Battery car (r which works on battery. Thutt weld (AU Jan 2010.) weld of the type called “butt Nickel alloy (AU Jan 2010) ‘alloy containing, nickel @ scanned with OKEN Scanner em nes Buiterily valve valve which is in the shape of battery Cylinder head Tead of a eylinder, [Grease gun ‘gun used for injecting grease. ‘Air supply supply of air Heat transfer Steel bar. (AU June 2011) transfer of heat. ar made of stecl. Concrete structure structure made of concrete. Solar cooker ‘cooker that uses solar energy. Expand the following compound nouns: Animal behaviour ‘The behaviour of an animal. Bojler feed water water for feeding the boiler. Computer manual manual for operating the computer. Computer operator ‘A person who operates a computer. Computer technology ‘technology used in computers. Condenser extractor pump pump for extracting from a condenser, Cooling tower tower for the purpose of cooling. Disk drive drive of disk. Fire fly fly that emits flickering light, Friction losses losses caused by friction. Gear mechanism mechanism for operating the gear. Generator power output ‘output of power from the generator. Immigration officer officer of the immigr on department, Inflation rate the rate of inflation, Jet engine an engine propelled by jet Leaf protein protein contained in a leaf, Letter press method of printing usin Pe Litho plate ine or alumirninuen pl Machine testing conditions conditions u Mackintosh computer a computer of the t Mass production production in ma Mercury thermometer ther! Muslin bag. ba Pedal power Power output Power station’ @ scanned with OKEN Scanner telescope using radio wave husk trom rice, Pearl engine {an engine that fans on road. Rubber roller roller made of rubber, ‘Sports columnist 8 person who writes sports column for a newspaper /maga- zine. ‘Steam jackets jackets containing steam, Steel bridge bridge made of steel, 3. Expand the following compound nouns: Battery valve valve of a battery Cable television television signals transmitted through cables Calculator memory memory of a calculator Car battery battery ofa car Cassette tape tape of a cassette Colour television television showing pictures in colour ‘Computer language language used for computer operation ‘Computer manual manual for operating the computer [Condenser extractor pump pump for extracting from condenser | Carbon dioxide dioxide of carbon Cylinder condensation losses Tosses from the cylinder by condensation | Cilinder walts walls of the eylinder [Generator power output ‘output of power from the generator Gravity feed lubrication system system of lubrication by feeding by gravity [Juice extractor extractor used for extracting juice | Picture tube — a tube which gives the picture in a television Power transmissions problems problem in the transmission of power packages of software ‘bar made of steel tubes made of steel ‘a broker for exchange of stock waves of radio [Television mechanic mechanic who repairs television Waste disposal disposal of waste Water heater heater used to heat water Water power power obtained from water @ scanned with OKEN Scanner IVE AES MEV s 1 thew 1 hy) n Hut 4 Moye 7 How # Suddenly WU phomeves 2) Newt 14) p&sbupuyps A) » 114) bermeyes Nh) een Buvoebs OD) Mapa, ¢ CO), De, Oy, Oe, Oe, Ope, Oe, Ope BELIIING Wty tA yt tn WAN ANSON Y fis) Wall Nowy ty Welt ws £6) Walt s Sao Jaolwwerb @ scanned with OKEN Scanner SAN 1. She cried out for help beeauve a snake >. Phe kite dropped a peatl nee dead snake, 4, When the thieves entered the bania'y Nouse, ad ontored her house, The night at the snake Hiphtened hey ‘Mawe which it had picked up fon HW nomowhers and Mew away with the they naw tho snake under the pot and wn for their lives, 4. She was happy because the kite had dropped a pout necklace an er woo! while taking the dot snake, HYDROGEN TRAIN TECHNOLOGY yw ie qin (yD WA ALBERT EINSTEIN ye ne HA XTINCT SPE yb Da Ye Me sv HB TC NUCLEAR DANGER (yD (ic VIRUS : a ar Gi) T qi) F (ivy? (yk wit JOURNEY TO MOON ISRO Stiharikotta True All the above Moon's South Pole 5G fifth generation wireless 20gb per second 2020-2035 JUNAR ECLIPSES ui L 2 3 4, 5. >oop> @ scanned with OKEN Scanner

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