Date : 07-10-2025 STD 10 Maths Total Marks : 132

* Given section consists of questions of 2 marks each. [6]

1. The faces of a red cube and a yellow cube are numbered from 1 to 6. Both
cubes are rolled. What is the probability that the top face of each cube will have
the same number?
Ans. : Two cubes bearing numbers 1 to 6 each, are rolled
∴ Number of total outcomes = 6 × 6 = 36

Now probability of comming of two same number i.e. (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5,
5), (6, 6) can be
m 6 1
P(A) = = =
n 36 6

2. Examine each of the following statements and comment:

If a die in thrown once, there are two possible outcomes - an odd number or an
even number. Therefore, the probability of obtaining an odd number is 1

2
and
the probability of obtaining an even number is 1

2
.
Ans. : Correct.
When a dice is thrown, the possible outcomes are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Out of
these 1, 3, 5 are odd and 2, 4, 6 are even numbers.
Therefore, the probability of getting an odd number is 1

2
.
Similarly, the probability of getting an even number is 1

2
.
3. A box contains 20 cards numbered from 1 to 20. A card is drawn at random
from the box. Find the probability that the number on the drawn card is:
i. Divisible by 2 or 3.
ii. A prime number.
Ans. : Total number of outcomes = 20
i. The numbers from 1 to 20 which are divisible by 2 or 3 are 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9,
10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18 and 20.
So, the favourable number of outcomes are 13.
∴ P(number on the drawn card is divisible by 2 or 3)
Favourable number of outcomes 13
= =
Total number of outcomes 20

ii. The prime numbers from 1 to 20 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17 and 19.
So, the favourable number of outcomes are 8.
∴ P(number on the drawn card is a prime number)

Favourable number of outcomes

=
Total number of outcomes

8 2
= =
20 5

* Given section consists of questions of 3 marks each. [12]

Page 1
4. The probability of selecting a green marble at random from a jar that contains
only green, white and yellow marbles is 1

4
. The probability of selecting a white
marble at random from the same jar is . If this jar contains 10 yellow marbles.
1

What is the total number of marbles in the jar?

Ans. : Given: A bag contains green, white and yellow marbles.
i. Probability of selecting green marbles =
1

ii. Probability of selecting white marbles = 1

iii. The jar contains 10 yellow marbles.

To Find: Total number of marbles in the same jar
We know that sum of probabilities of all elementary events is 1.
Hence,
P(green marble) + P(white marble) + P(yellow marble) = 1
1 1
+ + P(yellow marble) = 1
4 3

3+4
+ P(yellow marble) = 1
12

7
+ P(yellow marble) = 1
12

7
P(yellow marble) = 1 −
12

5
P(yellow marble) =
12

We know that Probability =

Number of favourable event

Total number of event

Hence
5 Number of favourable event i.e. yellow marble
=
12 Total number of marble

5 10
=
12 Total number of marble

10×12
Total number of marbles =
5

Total number of marbles = 24

5. A and B throw a pair of dice. If A throws 9, find B's chance of throwing a higher
number.
Ans. : ∵ A and B throws a air of dice
∴ n = 6 × 6 = 36

∵ A throws 9 but B throws more i.e., 10, 11, 12 which can be (4, 6), (5, 5), (5, 6), (6,

4), (6, 5), (6, 6) which are 6

∴ m = 6

m 6 1
∴ P(A) = = =
n 36 6

6. A jar contains 24 marbles. Some of these are green and others are blue. If a
marble is drawn at random from the jar, the probability that it is green is 2

3
. Find
the number of blue marbles in the jar.
Ans. : Total number of marbles in the jar = 24
i.e. n(S) = 24
Let number of blue balls in the jar be x.
Then, the number of green balls in the jar = 24 - x

Page 2
 Let A be the favourable outcomes of getting blue balls.
Then, n(A) = x
Therefore, P(A)
n(A)
=
n(S)

x
=
24

Let B be favourable outcomes of getting green balls.

Then, n(B) = 24 - x
Therefore, P(B)
n(B)
=
n(S)

24−x
=
24

According to the given condition: P(B) =

2

24−x 2
⇒ =
24 3

⇒ 3(24 − x) = 2 × 24

⇒ 72 − 3x = 48

⇒ −3x = −24

⇒ x = 8

Hence, the number of blue balls in the jar = 8.

7. A group consists of 12 persons, of which 3 are extremely patient, other 6 are
extremely honest and rest are extremely kind. A person from the group is
selected at random. Assuming that each persion is equally likely to be selected,
find the probability of selecting a person who is:
i. Extermely patient.
ii. Extremely kind or honest. Which of the above values you prefer more.
Ans. : The total number of persons in the group is 12 out of which 3 are extermely
patient patient, other 6 are extremely hoest and 3 are extermely kind.
i. P(selectcting an extermely patient person)
3
=
12

1
=
4

ii. There are 9 persons who are either extermely kind or extermely honest.
P(selecting an extremely kind or honest person)
9
=
12

3
=
4

* Given section consists of questions of 5 marks each. [90]

8. Two dice are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, respectively. They are

thrown and the sum of the numbers on them is noted. Find the probability of
getting each sum from 2 to 9 separately.
Ans. : Number of total outcomes = 36

Page 3
 i. Let E1 = Event of getting sum 2 = {(1, 1), (1, 1)}
∴ n(E1) = 2
n(E1 )
1 1
∴ P(E1 ) = = =
n(S) 36 18

ii. Let E2 = Event of getting sum 3 = {(1, 2), (1, 2), (2, 1), (2, 1)}
∴ n(E2) = 4
n(E2 )
4 1
∴ P(E2 ) = = =
n(S) 36 9

iii. Let E3 = Event of getting sum 4 = {(2, 2), (2, 2), (3, 1), (3, 1), (1, 3), (1, 3)}
∴ n(E3) = 6
n(E3 )
6 1
∴ P(E3 ) = = =
n(S) 36 6

iv. Let E4 = Event of getting sum 5 = {(2, 3), (2, 3), (4, 1), (4, 1), (3, 2), (3, 2)}
∴ n(E4) = 6
n(E4 )
6 1
∴ P(E4 ) = = =
n(S) 36 6

v. Let E5 = Event of getting sum 6 = {(3, 3), (3, 3), (4, 2), (4, 2), (5, 1), (5, 1)}
∴ n(E5) = 6
n(E5 ) 6 1
∴ P(E5 ) = = =
n(S) 36 6

vi. Let E6 = Event of getting sum 7 = {(4, 3), (4, 3), (5, 2), (5, 2), (6, 1), (6, 1)}
∴ n(E6) = 6
n(E6 ) 6 1
∴ P(E6 ) = = =
n(S) 36 6

vii. Let E7 = Event of getting sum 8 = {(5, 3), (5, 3), (6, 2), (6, 2)}
∴ n(E7) = 4
n(E7 )
4 1
∴ P(E7 ) = = =
n(S) 36 9

viii. Let E8 = Event of getting sum 9 = {(6, 3), (6, 3)}

∴ n(E8) = 2
n(E8 )
2 1
∴ P(E8 ) = = =
n(S) 36 18

9. At a fete, cards bearing numbers 1 to 1000, one number on one card, are put in
a box. Each player selects one card at random and that card is not replaced. If
the selected card has a perfect square greater than 500, the player wins a prize.
What is the probability that:
i. The first player wins a prize?
ii. The second player wins a prize, if the first has won?
Ans. : Given that, at a fete, cards bearing numbers 1 to 1000 one number on one
card, are put in a box. Each player selects one card at random and that card is not
replaced so, the total number of outcomes are n(S) = 1000
If the selected card has a perfect square greater than 500, then player wins a prize.

Page 4
 Let E1 = Event first player wins a prize = Player select a card which is a perfect
square greater than 500
= {529, 576, 625, 676, 729, 784, 841, 900, 961}
= {(23)2, (24)2, (25)2, (26)2, (27)2, (28)2, (29)2, (30)2, (31)2,}
∴ n(E1) = 9

So, required probability

n(E )
1 9
= = = 0.009
n(S) 1000

First, has won i.e., one card is already selected, greater than 500, has a perfect
square. Since, repeatition is not allowed. So, one card is removed out of 1000
cards. So, number of remaining cards is 999.
∴ Total number of remaining outcomes, n(S’) = 999.

Let E2 = Event the second player wins a prize, if the first has won.
= Remaining cards has a perfect square greater than 500 are 8.
∴ n(E2) = 9 - 1 = 8

So, required probability

n(E )
2 8
= =
n(S) 999

10. All the black face cards are removed from a pack of 52 cards. The remaining
cards are well shuffled and then a card is drawn at random. Find the probability
to getting a:
i. Face card.
ii. Red card.
iii. Black card.
iv. King.
Ans. : After removing the black face cards, total number of remaining cards = 52 - 6
= 46
i. Probability of one face card =
6

46
=
3

23

ii. Probability of red card =

26

46
=
13

23

iii. Probability of black card =

26−6

46
=
20

46
=
10

13

iv. Probability of a king =

2

46
=
1

23

11. A bag contains 6 red balls and some blue balls. if the probability of a drawing a
blue ball from the bag is twice that of a red ball, find the number of blue balls in
the bag.
Ans. : Given: A bag contains 6 red balls and some blue balls. If the probability of
drawing a blue ball from the bag is twice that of a red ball,
To Find: the number of blue balls in the bag.
Let the probability of getting a red ball be P(E) = x
The probability of not getting a red ball or getting a blue ball be ¯
P(E) = 2x

We know that sum of probability of occurrence of an event and probability of non

occurrence of an event is. So

Page 5
 P(E) + P(Ē) = 1

x + 2x = 1

3x = 1

1
x =
3

Hence the probability of getting a red ball is 1

We know that Probability =

Number of favourable event

Total number of event

1 6
=
3 Total number of balls

⇒ Total number of balls = 18 balls

Hence total number of blue balls = total number of balls - red balls
= 18 - 6
= 12 balls
Hence total number of blue balls is 12 balls.
12. Three coins are tossed together. Find the probability of getting:
i. Exactly two heads.
ii. At most two heads.
iii. At least one head and one tail.
iv. No tails.
Ans. : Given: Three coins are tossed simultaneously.
To Find: We have to find the following probability
When three coins are tossed then the outcome will be TTT, THT, TTH, THH. HTT,
HHT, HTH, HHH.
Hence total number of outcome is 8.
i. For exactly two head we get favorable outcome as THH, HHT, HTH
Hence total number of favorable outcome i.e., exactly two head 3
We know that Probability =
Number of favourable event

Total number of event

Hence probability of getting exactly two head is 3

ii. In case, at least two head we have favorable outcome as TTT, THT, TTH,
THH. HTT, HHT, HTH
Hence total number of favorable outcome i.e., at most two head is 7
We know that Probability = Number of favourable event

Total number of event

Hence probability of getting at most two head when three coins are tossed
simultaneously is equal to 7878.
iii. At least one head and one tail we get in case THT, TTH, THH. HTT, HHT,
HTH,
Hence total number of favorable outcome i.e., at least one tail and one head
is 6
We know that Probability =
Number of favourable event

Total number of event

Hence probability of getting at least one head and one tail is equal to 6

8
=
3

iv. No tail i.e., HHH

Page 6
 Hence total number of favorable outcome is 1
We know that Probability =
Number of favourable event

Total number of event

Hence probability of getting no tail is 1

13. One card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probability of
getting:
i. A king of red suit.
ii. A face card.
iii. A red face card.
iv. A queen of black suit.
v. A jack of hearts.
vi. A spade.
Ans. : Given: One card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 playing cards
To Find: Probability of following
Total number of cards is 52
i. Cards which are king of red suit are 2
Total number of Cards which are king of red suit is 2
Number of favorable event i.e. Total number of Cards which are king of red
suit is 2
We know that Probability =
Number of favourable event

Total number of event

Hence probability of getting cards which are king of red suit is 2

52
=
1

26

ii. Total number of face cards are 12

Number of favorable event i.e. total number of face cards is 12
We know that Probability =
Number of favourable event

Total number of event

Hence probability of getting face cards is 12

52
=
13
3

iii. Total number of red face cards are 6

Number of favorable events i.e. total number of red face cards is 6
We know that Probability =
Number of favourable event

Total number of event

Hence probability of getting red face cards is =

6

52
3

26

iv. Total number of queen of black suit cards is 2

Total Number of favorable event i.e. total number of queen of black suit cards
is 2
We know that Probability = Number of favourable event

Total number of event

Hence probability of getting cards which are queen of black suit cards is
2 1
=
52 26

v. Total number of jack of hearts is 1

We know that Probability =
Number of favourable event

Total number of event

Hence probability of getting cards which are jack of heart is equal to 1

52

vi. Total number of spade cards are 13

Page 7
 Total Number of favorable event i.e. total number of queen of black suit cards
are 13
We know that Probability =
Number of favourable event

Total number of event

Hence probability of getting spade cards is 13

52
=
1

14. A game of chance consists of spinning an arrow which is equally likely to come
to rest pointing to one of the number 1, 2, 3, ....., 12 as shown in following
figure. What is the probability that it will point to:

i. 10?
ii. An odd number?
iii. A number which is multiple of 3?
iv. An even number?
Ans. : Given: A game of chance consists of spinning an arrow which is equally likely
to come to rest pointing number 1, 2, 3…..12.
To Find: Probability of following
Total number on the spin is 12
i. Favorable event i.e. to get 10 is 1
Total number of Favorable event i.e. to get 10 is 1
We know that Probability =
Number of favourable event

Total number of event

Hence probability of getting a10 =

1

12

ii. Favorable event i.e. to get an odd number are 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11.

Total number of Favorable event i.e. to get a prime number is 6
We know that Probability =
Number of favourable event

Total number of event

Hence probability of getting a prime number is 6

12
=
1

iii. Favorable event i.e. to get an multiple of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12

Total number of Favorable event i.e. to get a multiple of 3 is 4
We know that Probability =
Number of favourable event

Total number of event

Hence probability of getting multiple of 3 =

4

12
1

iv. Favorable event i.e. to get an even number are 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12

Total number of Favorable events i.e. to get an even number is 6
We know that Probability =
Number of favourable event

Total number of event

Hence probability of getting an even number is 6

12
=
1

Page 8
15. Cards numbered 1 to 30 are put in a bag. A card is drawn at random from the
bag. Find the probability that the number on the drawn card is:
i. Not divisible by 3.
ii. A prime number greater that 7.
iii. Not a perfect square number.
Ans. : There 30 cards in the bag.
i. The number divisible by 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, and 30.
So, the number not divisible by 3 are 30 - 10 = 20
Thus, there are 20 posiible outcomes.
P(getting a number divisible by 3)
20
=
30

2
=
3

ii. The primes greater than 7 are 11, 13, 17, 19, 23 and 29.
So, there are 6 possible outcomes.
P(getting a prime greater than 3)
6
=
30

1
=
5

iii. The perfect squares would be 1, 4, 16 and 25.

So, there are 5 perfect squares, and hence 25
non-perfect squares.
P(getting a perfect square)
25
=
30

5
=
6

16. Two different dice are thrown together. Find the probability that:
i. The sum of the numbers appeared is less than 7.
ii. The product of the numbers appeared is less than 18.
Ans. : If two dice are rolled together, the possible outcomes are:
(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6)
(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6)
(3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6)
(4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6)
(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6)
(6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)
So, there are 36 outcomes.
The their tops to be less than 7.
(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (4, 1), (4,
2), (5, 1).
So, there are 15 possible outcomes.
P(getting number whose sum of the tops to be less than 7)

Page 9
 15
=
36

5
=
12

17. Two different dice are thrown together. Find the probability that the numbers
obtained:
i. Have a sum less than 7.
ii. Have a product less than 16.
iii. Is a doublet of odd numbers.
Ans. : The outcomes when two dice are thrown together are:
(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6)
(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6)
(3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6)
(4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6)
(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6)
(6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)
i. Let A be the event of getting the number whose sum is less than 7.
The outcomes in favour of event A are: (1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (2, 1),
(2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (4, 1), (4, 2) and (5, 1)
Number of favourable outcones = 15
Number of favourable outcomes
∴ P(A) =
Total number of outcomes

15
=
36

5
=
12

ii. Let B be the event of getting the number whose product is less than 16.
The outcomes in favour of event B are: (1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6),
(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (4, 1), (4,
2), (4, 3), (5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (6, 1) and (6, 2).
iii. Let C be the event of getting the number which are doublets of odd
numbers
The outcomes in favour of event C are (1, 1), (3, 3) and (5, 5)
Number of favourable outcomes = 3
Number of favourable outcomes
∴ P(A) =
Total number of outcomes

3
=
36

1
=
12

18. One card is drawn from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probability of
getting:
i. A king of red suit.
ii. A face card.
iii. A red face card.
iv. A queen of black suit.
v. A jack of hearts.

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 vi. A spade.
Ans. : We know that there are 52 cards in all.
Total number of oucomes = 52
i. The number of red kings = 2
P(getting a king of red suit)
2
=
52

1
=
26

ii. The number of face cards = 12

P(getting a red face card)
12
=
52

3
=
13

iii. The number of red face cards = 6

P(getting a red face card)
6
=
52

3
=
26

iv. The number of queen of black suit = 2

P(getting a queen of black suit)
2
=
52

1
=
26

v. The number of jack of hearts = 1

P(getting a jack of hearts)
1
=
52

vi. The number of spade = 13

P(getting a spade)
13
=
52

1
=
4

19. The king, the jack and the 10 of spades are lost from a pack of 52 cards and a
card is drawn from the remaining cards after shuffling. Find the probability of
getting a:
i. Red card.
ii. Black jack.
iii. Red king.
iv. 10 of hearts.

Ans. : Probability =
Favorable outcome

Total number of outcome

In a standard deck of 52 cards,

13 diamonds, 13 club, 13 hearts, 13 spade in which 12 face cards
The king, the jack and the 10 spades are lost from a pack of 52 cards
cards remaining are 52 - 1 - 1 - 10 = 40
i. Red card

Page 11
 → If the king and jack is from red card then number of red cards = 24
Fovorable outcome = 24
Total number of outcome = 40
Probability of a red card drawn is:
24 3
Probability = =
40 5

→ If the king and jack is not from red card then number of red cards = 26
Favorable oucome = 26
Total number of outcome = 40
Probability of red card drawn is:
26 13
Probability = =
40 20

ii. Black jack

→ If the jack is not from black card then number of black cards = 26
Favorable outcome = 26
Total number of outcome = 40
Probability of black jack drawn is:
26 13
Probability = =
40 20

iii. Red king

→ If the king is from red card then number of red cards = 25
Favorable outcome = 25
Total number of outcome = 40
Probability of red king drawn is:
25 5
Probability = =
40 8

→ If the king is not from red then number of red cards = 26

Favorable outcome = 26
Total number of outcome = 40
Probability of red king drawn is:
26 13
Probability = =
40 20

iv. 10 of hearts
→ If the king and jack is from hearts then number of hearts cards = 8
Favorable outcome = 8
Total number of outcome = 40
Probability of 10 of hearts drawn is:
8 1
Probability = =
40 5

→ If the king and jack is from hearts then number of hearts cards = 10
Fovorable outcome = 10
Total number of outcome = 40
Probability of 10 of hearts drawn is:
10 1
Probability = =
40 4

20. Find the probability of getting the sum of two numbers, less than 3 or more
than 11, when a pair of distinct dice is thrown together.

Page 12
 Ans. : When two dice are thrown, the possible outcomes or Sample Space = {(1, 1),
(1, 2), (1, 3), ..., (1, 6), (2, 1),(2, 2), ..., (2, 6), (3, 1), (3, 2), ..., (3, 6), (4, 1), ..., (4, 6), (5,
1) ..., (5, 6), (6, 1), ..., (6, 6)}
So there are total 36 outcomes which two dice are thrown.
According to question, we have to find the sum of numbers such that they are less
than 3 and more than 11.
So, Let E denotes the number of outcomes for the required circumstance.
∴ E = {(1, 1), (6, 6)}

Thus, number of outcomes, n(E) = 2

∴ Required Probability

n(E)
=
S

2
=
36

1
=
18

Hence, 1

18
is the required probability.
21. Tickets numbered 2, 3, 4, 5, ..., 100, 101 are placed in a box and mixed
thoroughly. One ticket is drawn at random from the box. Find the probability
that the number on the ticket is:
i. An even number.
ii. A number less than 16.
iii. A number which is a perfect square.
iv. A prime number less than 40.
Ans. : Total number of tickets = 100
i. Even numbers are 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34,
36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78,
80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 96, 98, 100
Tatal number of even number = 50
P(getting a even number)
50
=
100

1
=
2

ii. Numbers less than 16 are 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15
Total number of number less than 16 is 14
P(getting a number less than 16)
14
=
100

7
=
50

iii. Numbers which are perfect square are 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100
Total number of perfect squares = 9
P(getting a perfect square)
9
=
100

iv. Prime number less than 40 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37
 P(getting a prime number less 40)
12
=
100

3
=
25

22. Cards marked with numbers 5 to 50 are placed in a box and mixed thoroughly. A
card us drawn from the box at random. Find the probability that the number on
the taken out card is:
i. A prime number less than 10.
ii. A number which is a perfect square.
Ans. : There are 46 cards in total.
i. The primes less than 10 are 5 and 7.
P(getting a prime less than 10)
2
=
46

1
=
23

ii. The perfect squares are 9, 16, 25, 36 and 49.

So, there are 5 possible outcomes.
p(getting a perfect square)
5
=
46

23. Cards bearing numbers 1, 3, 5, ..., 35 are kept in a bag. A card is drawn at
random from the bag. Find the probability of getting a card bearing:
i. A prime number less than 15.
ii. A number divisible by 3 and 5.
Ans. : To find the number of cards in the bag, we use the general formula for an
AP since the numbers on the cards are in AP.
Here, first term, a = 1, common difference = d = 2
Let n be number of cards in the bag.
an = a + (n - 1)d
⇒ 35 = 1 + (n - 1)(2)
⇒ 34 = 2n - 2
⇒ n = 18
So, there 18 cards in the bag.
i. The primes less than 15 are 3, 5, 7, 11 and 13.
So, there are 6 possible outcomes.
P(getting a prime less than 15)
5
=
18

ii. The number divisible by 3 and 5 is 15 and 30.

P(getting a 15 or 30)
2
=
18

1
=
9
24. A card is drawn at random from a well-shuffled deck of playing deck of playing
cards. Find the probability that the card drawn is:
i. A card of spades or an ace.
ii. A red king.
iii. either a king or a queen.
iv. neither a king nor a queen.
Ans. : Total number of cards = 52
i. There are 13 cards of spade (including 1 ace) and 3 more ace cards are
there in a pack of cards
∴ P(getting a card of spades or an ace)

16
=
52

4
=
13

ii. There are 2 red kings in a pack of cards

∴ P(getting a red king)
2
=
52

1
=
26

iii. There are 4 king and 4 queens in a pack of cards

∴ P(getting either a king or a queen)
8
=
52

2
=
13

iv. P(getting neither a king nor a queen)

2
= (1 − )
13

11
=
13

25. Two dice are rolled together. Find the probability of getting such numbers on
two dice whose product is a perfect square.
Ans. : If two dice are rolled together, the possible outcomes are:
(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6)
(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6)
(3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6)
(4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6)
(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6)
(6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)
So, there are 36 outcomes.
The following outcomes will give the product to be a perfect square.
(1, 1), (1, 4), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 1), (4, 4), (5, 5), (6, 6)
So, there are 8 possible outcomes.
P(getting number whose product is a perfect square)
8
=
36

2
=
9
 * Case study based questions [24]

26. Rahul goes to a fete in Mussoorie. There he saw a game having prizes - wall
clocks, power banks, puppets and water bottles. The game consists of a box
having cards inside it, bearing the numbers I to 200, one on each card. A person
has to select a card at random. Now, the winning of prizes has the following
conditions:
Wall clock- If the number on the selected card is a perfect square.
Power bank - If the number on the selected card is multiple of 3.
Puppet - If the number on selected card is divisible by 10.
Water bottle - If the number on the selected card is a prime number
more than 100 but less than 150.
Better luck next time - If the number on the selected card is a perfect
cube.

On the basis of above information, answer the following questions.

i. Find the probability of winning a puppet.
ii. What is the probability of winning a water bottle?
iii. What is the probability of winning a Power bank?
Or
What is the probability of winning a wall clock?

Ans. :
1. 1

10

2. 1

20

3. 33

100

Or
7

100

27. Rohit wants to distribute chocolates in his class on his birthday. 'The chocolates
are of three types: Milk chocolate, White chocolate and Dark chocolate. If the
total number of students in the class is 54 and everyone gets a chocolate, then
 answer the following questions.

i. If the probability of distributing milk chocolates is 1

3
then the number of
milk chocolates Rohit has ?
ii. If the probability of distributing dark chocolates is 4

9
If the probability of
distributing dark chocolates is.
iii. If the probability of distributing dark chocolates is.
Or
The probability of distributing both milk and white chocolates is.

Ans. : 1. 18
2. 24
3. 2

Or
5

28. A middle school decided to run the following spinner game as a fund-raiser on
Christmas Carnival.

Making Purple: Spin each spinner once. Blue and red make purple. So, if one
spinner shows Red (R) and another Blue (B), then you 'win'. One such outcome
is written as 'RB'.

(i) List all possible outcomes of the game.

(ii) Find the probability of 'Making Purple'.
(iii) For each win, a participant gets ₹10, but if he/she loses, he/she has to pay
₹5 to the school. If 99 participants played, calculate how much fund could the
school have collected.
(iv) If the same amount of 5 has been decided for winning or losing the game,
 then how much fund had been collected by school? (Number of participants =
99).
Ans. : (i) The possible outcomes of the game are: RR, RB, RG, GR, GB, GG, YR, YB,
YG
(ii) Total number of outcomes = 9. Purple can be made if the outcome is RB.
∴ Probability of making purple =
1

(iii) We find that:

Probability of winning ₹10 = 1

9
and, Probability of losing ₹5 = 8

∴ Amount collected by the school from one participant = ₹ (−10 ×

1

9
+5×
8

9
) = ₹
10

Hence, Amount collected by the school from 99 participants = ₹( 10

3
× 99) = ₹330

(iv) Probability of winning ₹5 = 1

9
and, Probability of loosing ₹5 = 8

∴ Amount collected by the school from one participant = ₹ (−5 ×

1

9
+5×
8

9
) = ₹
35

Hence, Amount collected by the school from 99 participants = ₹ (99 × 35

9
) = ₹385

29. In a game of chance consisting of spinning an arrow which comes to rest

pointing at one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, ..., 20 (see Fig. 15.1) and these are equally
likely outcomes. Three persons Aarushi, Avni and Mira decide to play the game.
Aarushi wins ₹ 5000 if the arrow points at an even number. Mira wins ₹ 8000
when arrow points at an odd number and Avni wins ₹ 12,000 when arrow points
at a prime number.

(i) Total number of possible outcomes in the game is:

(a) 10 (b) 20 (c) 30 (d)40
(ii) What are the chances of Aarushi winning ₹5000?
(a) 50% (b) 60% (c) 40% (d) 25%
(iii) What are the chances of Mira winning *8000?
(a) 60% (b) 40% (c) 50% (d) 80%
(iv) What are the chances of Avni winning 12000?
(a) 50% (b) 60% (c) 80% (d) 40%
(v) What are the chances of Mira and Avni winning their prize money?
(a) 35% (b) 5% (c) 40% (d) 25%
Ans. : (i) (b): The spinning arrow may come to rest at any one of 20 numbers. So,
total number of possible outcomes is 20.
(ii) (a): There are 10 even numbers in numbers from 1 to 20. So, Aarushi can win if
 the spinning arrow stops at any one of the even numbers.
∴ Favourable number of outcomes = 10.
Probability that Aarushi wins =
10

20
=
1

2
⇒ Chances of Aarushi's win
1
= × 100% = 50%
2

(iii) (c): There are 10 odd numbers and Meera can win if the spinning arrow stops
at any one of the odd numbers.
∴ Favourable number of outcomes = 10.
Probability that Meera wins =
10

20
=
1

2
⇒ Chances of Meera's win =
1

2
× 100% = 50%

(iv) (d): Avni wins if the arrow stops at a prime number. There are 8 prime
numbers viz. 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19 between 1 to 20.
∴ Favourable number of outcomes = 8.
Probability that Avni wins =
8

20
=
1

2
⇒ Chances of Avni's win =
2

5
× 100% = 40%

30. There is a game of tossing of three coins. The entry fee in the game is 200.
Shikha takes entry into the game by paying the entry fee. The rules of the game
are: If by tossing three coins or one coin three times she gets one or two heads
entry fee is refunded. If she gets three heads, she receives double the amount
paid as entry fee. Otherwise, she loses the entry fee.

(i) The total number of possible outcomes of the game, is

(a) 4 (b) 2 (c) 6 (d) 8
(ii) The probability that Shikha loses the entry fee, is
(a) (b)
1

8
(c)
3

8
(d) 3

4
1

(iii) What are the chances of getting ₹400?

(a) 50% (b) 25% (c) 12.5% (d) 75%
(iv) The probability that she gets back her entry fee, is
(a) 1

8
(b) 3

4
(c) 1

8
(d) 3

Ans. : (i) (d): Following are 8 possible outcomes in tossing three coins. HHH, HHT,
HTH. THH. TTH, HTT, THT, TTT.
(ii) (a): Shikha looses entry fee, if she gets all tails.
So, required probability = 1

(ii) (c): Shikha will get double the amount paid as entry fee i.e. ₹400, if she gets all
heads.
So, required probability = 1

8
 Hence, the chances are × 100% = 12.5%
1

(iv) (b): Shikha gets back her gets one of the following as outcome:
HHT, HTH, THH, HTT, THT, TTH.
So, required probability = 6

8
= 3

31. Computer-based learning (CBL) refers to any teaching methodology that makes
use of computers for information transmission. At an elementary school level,
computer applications can be used to display multimedia lesson. A survey was
done on 1000 elementary and secondary schools of Assam and they were
classified by the number of computers they had.

101 and
Number of Computers 1-10 11-20 21-50 51-100
more
Number of Schools 250 200 290 180 80

One school is chosen at random. Then:

(i) Find the probability that the school chosen at random has more than 100
computers.
(ii) Find the probability that the school chosen at random has 50 or fewer
computers.
(iii) Find the probability that the school chosen at random has not more than 20
computers.
(iv) Find the probability that the school chosen at random has 10 or less than 10
computers.
Ans. : (i) Total number of schools = 1000
Number of schools having more than 100 computers = 80
∴ Probability that the school chosen at random has more than 100 computers
80
= = 0.08
1000

(i) Number of schools having 50 or fewer computers = 250 + 200 + 290 = 740
∴ Required probability =
740

1000
= 0.74
(ii) Number of schools having not more than 20 computers = 250 + 200 = 450
∴ Required probability = 450
= 0.45
1000

(iv) Number of schools having 10 or less than 10 computers = 250

∴ Required probability =
250

1000
= 0.25

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