1.

Safety:

Safety protects employees from harm, reduces costs associated with accidents,
improves productivity, and ensures legal compliance.

[Link] safety rights of workers:

The right to know about hazards, the right to participate in safety programs, and the
right to refuse unsafe work.

[Link] miss:

An unplanned event that didn’t result in injury or damage but had the potential to do so.

[Link]:

Personal Protective Equipment – gear worn to minimize exposure to hazards.

[Link] 5 common types of PPE.

Hard hats, safety glasses, gloves, steel-toe boots, earplugs.

[Link]:

Any source of potential damage, harm, or adverse health effects.

[Link]

The chance or probability that a person will be harmed by a hazard.

[Link] audit

A systematic examination of workplace conditions to identify hazards.

[Link] of hazard control:

Elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, PPE.

[Link]/Tagout:

Procedures to ensure machines are shut off and can’t be started during maintenance.

[Link] space

A space with limited entry/exit that’s not designed for continuous occupancy.

[Link] protection:

Systems (harnesses, guardrails) to prevent or arrest falls from heights.

[Link]:

Job Safety Analysis – breaking down a job into steps to identify hazards.

[Link] assessment:

Process of evaluating risks associated with identified hazards.

[Link] of safety inspections:

To identify and correct hazards before they cause accidents.

[Link] acts:

Employee behaviors that could lead to accidents (bypassing guards, etc.).

17. Unsafe conditions:

Physical workplace conditions that could cause accidents

[Link] culture:

Shared values and beliefs about safety in an organization.

19. Evacuation plan:

Procedures for safe and orderly building evacuation in emergencies.

[Link] policy:

Company’s commitment to safety and health of employees.

[Link] investigation:

Process to determine root causes of accidents to prevent recurrence.

22. Safety leadership:

Management’s active role in promoting and supporting safety.

[Link]-based safety:

Approach focusing on observing and improving safe behaviors.

[Link]:

Attitude may be described as continuous behavior. if man’s behavior is good, then his
action will be either correct or safe.
[Link] Planning:

Emergency planning can defined as a control measures. It can control the accidents safe
guard people and provide information to media.

26. Work Permit System:

Work permit system is a “written documents” for permission to undertake a job by area
in charge or it is written document issued by the area in charge to the performer to
undertake the specific job.

27. Work At Height:

Any work above 2 meters from ground is caused work at height.

28. Confined Space:

An area which is small and enclosed or an area where one entry and exits or where a
man cannot work comfortable in any location is caused confined space.

29. Excavation:

Marking a hole or tunnel by digging the ground by man or machine is called excavation.

30. Scaffolding:

It is a temporary platform constructed for supporting both men and materials and
working safety at a construction site.

31. Lel:

The minimum concentration of vapor, gasses and dust in air below which propagation of
flame does not occur on contact with a source of ignition is called LEL.

[Link]:

The maximum proportion of vapour, gasses and dust in air above which proposal the
flame does not occur on contact with a source of ignition is called UEL.

[Link] Handing:

The process of lifting, carrying and stacking materials by men is called manual handing.

[Link] Keeping:

Housekeeping means not only cleanness but also orderly arrangement of operations,
tools, equipment’s storage facilities and suppliers.

35. Personal Protective Equipment

It is an equipment’s used to project the person from hazards such dust, dirt, fumes and
sparks etc. It is the barrier between hazard and person.

36. Crane:
A tall machine used for moving heavy objects by suspending them from a projecting arm
with hook.

37. What Are the Duties of a Safety Officer:

* Prepare tool box talk

*Prepare monthly statistics

*Prepare the checklist

*Accident reports

*Management meetings

*Arrange the safety classes/training

*Arrange monthly safety bulletin

*Inspection of fire extinguisher

*Arrange first aid training classes

*Arrange safety competitions like quiz, slogan, poster competitions exhibition etc.

[Link] Of a Supervisor:

*He has to instruct this worker about the work methods and procedures.

*He has to maintain discipline among the workers

*He has to supply necessary materials

*He has to control quality and cost of the job

*He has to guide has workers in doing a job in the correct and safe way

*He has to supply suitable personal protective equipment to his workers

*He should conduct periodical safety meetings.

*He should conduct safety inspection of his working area

*He should know about the fire fight equipment’s

*He should know investigate the accident and find out the cause of accident

31. General Safety Precautions in Construction?

*Adequate first aid equipment should be kept ready

*Adequate firefighting equipment should be available

*All general electrical rules should be followed

*Suitable lighting arrangements should be necessary at night work

*Work men at height should be wear safety belts

*Work men handling cement should be provided with goggles, rubber gloves and rubber
boots by nose mask.

*The moving parts of grinding machines used construction site should be covered with
guards

*The moving parts of grinding machines used construction site should be covered with
guards

*Excavated material should not kept near the excavated

*Very short duration of work red flags must be hoisted and more duration red banners
must be stretched

*Defective tools should not be used

*The worker should not carry tools in his hands when climbing a ladder

*Excavation should be guarded by suitable fencing

[Link] Are Need to Avoid Accident in Manhandling:

*Stand at safe distance from the load

*Sharp edge and burns are removed before lifting a material.

*PPE such as safety gloves and safety shoes are to be used.

*If the weight is too heavy for one person to lift, then he has to seek the assistance.

*The pathway is not blocked by obstacles while carrying the load.

*The different actions, movements and forces necessary while carrying the load.

*Modify the task by using hooks and crow bars.

*Mechanical equipment like cranes shall be used.

*Modify the objects

*Change the way things are used.

[Link] is injury:

It is defined as a harmful condition sustained by the body as a result of an accident.

[Link] Analysis:

SWOT stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats, and so a SWOT
analysis is a technique for assessing these four aspects of your business. SWOT Analysis
is a tool that can help you to analyze what your company does best now, and to devise a
successful strategy for the future.

35. Working Load Limit (WLL):

The maximum working load designed by the manufacturer. This load represents a force
that is much less than that required to make the lifting equipment fail or yield.

36. Safe Working Load (SWL):

The maximum load (as determined by a competent person) that an item of lifting
equipment may raise, lower or suspend under particular service conditions, e.g., the SWL
can be lower than, but can never exceed, the WLL Normally SWL = WLL unless the lifting
equipment has been de-rated.

[Link]:

A lifeline is a component that consist of a flexible line that connects to an anchorage at

one end to hang vertically or that connect to anchorages at both ends to stretch
horizontally and which serves as method to connect other component of a personnel fall
arrest system to the anchorage.

[Link] Talk:

A toolbox talk is a short, informal safety meeting focused on specific safety issues
related to the job at hand.

[Link] Sign:

A safety sign provides information or instructions to help protect people’s health and
safety.

Example: A “Caution: Wet Floor” sign in a hallway.

[Link] of Safety Signs:

 Prohibition signs (e.g., No Smoking)

 Mandatory signs (e.g., Wear PPE)

 Warning signs (e.g., High Voltage)

 Emergency signs (e.g., First Aid)

 Example: A “No Entry” sign on a restricted area.

41. Safety Data Sheet (SDS):

An SDS provides information about the properties of chemical products, including

hazards, handling, and emergency measures.

Example: Checking the SDS for proper disposal methods of a solvent.

42. Hierarchy of Controls:

 Elimination

 Substitution

 Engineering Controls

 Administrative Controls

 PPE

 Example: Substituting a toxic chemical with a non-toxic alternative.

43. Emergency Preparedness:

Emergency preparedness involves planning and organizing resources to effectively

respond to potential emergencies.

Example: Conducting fire drills to practice evacuation procedures.

44. Fire Triangle:

The fire triangle consists of three elements needed for a fire: heat, fuel, and oxygen.

Example: Removing oxygen using a fire extinguisher to stop a fire.

45. Classes of Fire:

 Class A: Ordinary combustibles

 Class B: Flammable liquids

 Class C: Electrical fires

 Class D: Metal fires

 Class K: Cooking oils and fats

 Note: Classification as per NFPA

 Example: Using a CO2 extinguisher for a Class C fire

46. Golden Rule of Safety:

The golden rule of safety is “Stop, Think, and Act” to prevent incidents and accidents.

Example: Stopping work immediately when spotting a potential hazard.

47. Safety Important in the Workplace:

Safety is crucial to prevent injuries, save lives, ensure compliance with regulations, and
create a productive work environment.

Example: Implementing safety protocols to reduce workplace accidents.

48. Emergency Evacuation Plan:

An emergency evacuation plan outlines the procedures for safely exiting a building
during an emergency.

Example: Posting evacuation maps at key locations.

49. Behavioral Safety:

Behavioral safety focuses on identifying and modifying unsafe behaviors to prevent

accidents.

Example: Rewarding workers for consistently using PPE.

50. Safety Culture:

A safety culture is the shared attitudes, beliefs, and practices that shape an
organization’s safety performance.

Example: Encouraging employees to report hazards without fear.

51. Emergency Response Team (ERT):

An ERT is a group of trained individuals who respond to emergencies within a workplace.

Example: Fire wardens trained to assist during evacuations.

52. Workplace Ergonomics:

Workplace ergonomics involves designing workstations to fit the worker and reduce
injury risk.

Example: Adjusting chair height to prevent back pain.

[Link] Investigation:

Incident investigation involves identifying the causes of incidents to prevent recurrence.

Example: Analyzing why a machine malfunctioned.

54. Purpose of Safety Inspections:

Safety inspections help identify potential hazards and ensure compliance with safety
standards.

Example: Checking scaffolding before use.

55. Heat Stress:

Heat stress occurs when the body cannot cool itself adequately, potentially leading to
heat-related illnesses.

Example: A worker experiencing dizziness after working in high temperatures.

56. Cold Stress:

Cold stress occurs when the body loses heat faster than it can produce it, leading to
hypothermia.
Example: Workers shivering while working in a freezer.

57. Respirator Fit Test:

A respirator fit test ensures that a respirator fits an individual’s face properly to provide
effective protection.

Example: Testing an N95 mask to ensure a proper seal.

58. First Aid Kit:

A first aid kit contains supplies and equipment for providing immediate medical care.

Example: A kit with bandages and antiseptics on a construction site.

59. Occupational Noise Exposure:

Occupational noise exposure refers to harmful levels of noise in the workplace that can
cause hearing loss.

Example: Workers wearing ear protection in a noisy factory.

60. Spill Kit:

A spill kit contains materials for cleaning up hazardous spills safely.

Example: Using absorbent pads to clean up an oil spill.

61. Hot Work Permit:

A hot work permit authorizes tasks that involve open flames or heat-producing
equipment.

Example: Issuing a permit for welding operations.

62. Electrical Safety:

Electrical safety involves practices to prevent electrical hazards, such as shocks and
fires.

Example: Turning off power before repairing an outlet.

63. Machine Guarding:

Machine guarding involves installing physical barriers to protect workers from moving
machinery parts.

Example: Installing a guard on a saw blade.

64. Safety Committee:

A safety committee is a group of employees and management representatives who

promote workplace safety.

Example: Holding monthly meetings to discuss safety concerns.

65. Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS):

A PFAS is equipment designed to catch a worker if they fall while working at heights.

66. Slips, Trips, and Falls Prevention:

This involves identifying and mitigating factors that cause slips, trips, and falls.

Example: Placing non-slip mats in wet areas.

67. Chemical Safety:

Chemical safety involves safe handling, storage, and disposal of chemicals to prevent
exposure.

Example: Wearing gloves when handling corrosive substances.