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Philippine Science and Technology Overview

The document outlines the history of science and technology in the Philippines, highlighting key global milestones and significant developments from the pre-Spanish era to the present. It details various government initiatives and educational reforms aimed at advancing science and technology, emphasizing the importance of STEM education. Despite progress, challenges such as ethical concerns and the need for improved technology remain prevalent.

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2 views3 pages

Philippine Science and Technology Overview

The document outlines the history of science and technology in the Philippines, highlighting key global milestones and significant developments from the pre-Spanish era to the present. It details various government initiatives and educational reforms aimed at advancing science and technology, emphasizing the importance of STEM education. Despite progress, challenges such as ethical concerns and the need for improved technology remain prevalent.

Uploaded by

reanrosep
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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📘 Study Guide: Science and Technology

in the Philippines
🌍 Global Milestones
 Leonardo da Vinci: notebooks on anatomy, inventions (tanks, flying machines,
submarines).
 Copernicus: heliocentric theory (sun-centered solar system).
 Geographic discoveries: triangle sail, magnetic compass, Prince Henry’s voyages,
Columbus.
 Galileo Galilei: telescope, microscope, thermometer; applied scientific method.
 Isaac Newton: gravity, planetary motion, calculus, optics.
 Albert Einstein: relativity, quantum theory, nuclear power, E=mc².
 Industrial Revolution: factories, light bulb, radio, cars, space travel, computers.

🇵🇭 Philippine Timeline

Pre-Spanish Era
 Rice agriculture, handicrafts, pottery, weaving, boats.
 Herbal medicine, alphabet, counting systems.
 Banaue Rice Terraces: advanced engineering.

Spanish Period
 Formal education introduced; University of Santo Tomas founded.
 Medicine and pharmacy school (1871).
 Engineering projects: roads, bridges, forts.
 Manila Observatory (1865).

American Period & Post-Commonwealth


 Bureau of Government Laboratories (1901), Bureau of Science (1905).
 National Research Council (1933).
 Focus: agriculture, medicine, forestry.
 Institute of Science (1946).
 Science Act of 1958 → National Science Development Board.

Marcos Era (1965–1986)


 1973 Constitution: S&T prioritized.
 Revitalized science courses; funded universities.
 Philippine Atomic Energy Commission.
 PAGASA (1972), PNOC (1973).
 National Academy of Science and Technology (1976).
 NSTA (1982).
 Philippine Science High School campuses (1986).

Corazon Aquino (1986–1992)


 Created DOST (cabinet-level).
 Medium Term Plan (1987–1992): S&T for recovery.
 Science and Technology Master Plan (1988): NIC status by 2000.
 Free Secondary Education Act (RA 6655, 1988).
 Science for the Masses Program.

Fidel Ramos (1992–1998)


 STAND agenda (1993–1998).
 Medium-Term Plan (1999–2004): flagship programs (tech enterprises, clean tech,
packaging R&D, meteorology centers, Mindanao program).
 Laws: Magna Carta for S&T Personnel (RA 8439), S&T Scholarship Law (RA 7687),
Inventors Incentives Act (RA 7459), IP Code (RA 8293).

Joseph Estrada (1998–2001)


 Clean Air Act (RA 8749, 1999).
 Electronic Commerce Act (RA 8792, 2000).

Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (2001–2010)


 Dubbed “golden age of S&T.”
 Promoted STI for growth and poverty reduction.
 Coined “Filipinovation.”
 Strengthened PSHS system.
 Biofuels Act (RA 9367).
 Promoted drought-free rice, irrigation technologies.

Benigno Aquino III (2010–2016)


 AFMech Act (RA 10601, 2013): mechanization of agriculture/fisheries.
 Organic Agriculture Act (RA 10068, 2010).
 Collaborated with IRRI for rice biotechnology.
 CountrySTAT (2014): GDP growth 6.13%, agriculture contributed 10%.
 Harmonized Agenda (2014): inclusive growth, disaster risk reduction.
 DICT Act (RA 10844, 2016): created Department of ICT.

📚 Science Education in the Philippines


 Builds literacy, motivates STEM careers.
 Values: objectivity, curiosity, honesty, critical thinking.
 Challenges:
 - Science starts only in Grade 3 (K-12).
 - Spiral progression: integrates life science, chemistry, physics, earth science every
year.
 - Old curriculum: separate disciplines per year (general science, biology, chemistry,
physics).
 Shift to learner-centered, inquiry-based pedagogy.

📝 Summary
 Science and technology drive socio-economic progress.
 Indigenous roots in Philippine history.
 Immense improvements, but ethical concerns remain.
 Challenge: create technologies that make the world better.

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