SUMMATIVE TEST

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Name: Grade & Section:

General Instructions: Read each item carefully. Write the letter that corresponds to the
correct answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Multiple Choice.
1. Which of the following is the primary male reproductive organ responsible for the
production of sperm cells and testosterone?
A. Scrotum B. Urethra C. Testes D. Epididymis

2. What is the name of the hollow, pear-shaped muscular organ in females where a fertilized
egg develops into a fetus?
A. Cervix B. Uterus C. Fallopian tube D. Vagina

3. Which gland in the male reproductive system secretes a thick, fluid-like substance that
contains sugar (fructose) to provide energy for sperm?
A. Pituitary gland B. Prostate gland C. Seminal vesicle D. Bulbourethral gland

4. In the female reproductive system, what is the specific term for the release of a mature egg
from the ovary?
A. Ovulation B. Fertilization C. Menstruation D. Implantation

5. Which tube in the male reproductive system transports sperm from the epididymis to the
ejaculatory ducts?
A. Vas deferens B. Ureter C. Seminiferous tubule D. Fallopian tube

6. Trace the path of sperm as it leaves the male body during ejaculation. Which sequence is
correct?
A. Testes → Epididymis → Vas deferens → Urethra
B. Epididymis → Testes → Urethra → Vas deferens
C. Testes → Vas deferens → Epididymis → Urethra
D. Vas deferens → Epididymis → Testes → Urethra

7. What is the sequence of events an egg follows if fertilization occurs?

A. Ovary → Fallopian Tube → Uterus
B. Ovary → Uterus → Fallopian Tube
C. Fallopian Tube → Ovary → Uterus
D. Uterus → Ovary → Fallopian Tube

8. During the menstrual cycle, if the egg is not fertilized, what process describes the
breakdown and shedding of the endometrium?
A. Ovulation B. Puberty C. Menstruation D. Gestation

9. Which process involves the rhythmic contraction of muscles in the fallopian tubes to move
the egg toward the uterus?
A. Diffusion B. Active Transport C. Osmosis D. Peristalsis

10. How do the fimbriae assist in the process of reproduction?

A. By producing estrogen to trigger ovulation.
B. By secreting milk for the newborn.
C. By sweeping the egg into the fallopian tube after it is released from the ovary.
D. By blocking sperm from reaching the egg too early.
11. Why is it biologically necessary for the testes to be located in the scrotum outside the
abdominal cavity?
A. To protect them from physical injury during movement.
B. To allow for easier transport of sperm to the bladder.
C. To increase the production of urine.
D. To keep the temperature about 1-3℃ lower than the core body temperature for
healthy sperm production.

12. What is the functional relationship between the ovaries and the fallopian tubes?
A. The ovaries protect the fallopian tubes from infection.
B. The fallopian tubes produce the eggs, and the ovaries store them.
C. The ovaries produce the egg, and the fallopian tubes provide the path for fertilization
and transport.
D. They both produce sperm in the female body.

13. If the fallopian tubes were completely blocked, what would be the most likely result
regarding reproduction?
A. Menstruation would immediately stop forever.
B. The female would stop producing eggs entirely.
C. The uterus would begin to produce eggs instead.
D. The sperm would be unable to meet the egg, preventing natural fertilization.

14. How do the prostate gland and seminal vesicles work together to ensure successful
fertilization?
A. They filter out urine from the semen.
B. They both produce sperm cells to increase the count.
C. They store the egg until the sperm arrives.
D. They produce fluids that provide energy and a protective environment for sperm
against the acidic female tract.

15. What is the significance of the cervix during childbirth?

A. It must dilate (widen) significantly to allow the baby to pass from the uterus to the
vagina.
B. It is the site where the baby's heart begins to beat.
C. It produces the hormones that start labor.
D. It provides the nutrients for the baby during the nine months.

16. Which gland is often referred to as the 'master gland' because it releases LH and FSH to
regulate the reproductive system?
A. Pancreas B. Thyroid gland C. Adrenal gland D. Pituitary gland

17. Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of secondary male
characteristics such as a deeper voice and facial hair?
A. Insulin B. Testosterone C. Progesterone D. Estrogen

18. What is the primary role of Progesterone in the female reproductive system?
A. To produce sperm cells.
B. To stimulate the growth of facial hair.
C. To maintain the thickened lining of the uterus for pregnancy.
D. To trigger the release of an egg.

19. Which hormone stimulates the follicles in the ovaries to mature each month?
A. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) C. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
B. Oxytocin D. Prolactin
20. In males, which hormone acts directly on the seminiferous tubules to stimulate sperm
production?
A. Growth Hormone B. LH C. FSH D. Estrogen

21. Describe the sequence of hormonal signaling that leads to the production of testosterone
in the testes.
A. FSH → Pituitary → Testosterone
B. Pituitary gland → LH → Interstitial cells of testes
C. Testes → Pituitary → LH
D. Hypothalamus → Testosterone → LH

22. During the menstrual cycle, what hormonal change directly triggers the process of
ovulation?
A. A decrease in FSH levels.
B. The start of Progesterone production.
C. A massive surge in Luteinizing Hormone (LH).
D. A sudden drop in Estrogen.

23. What happens to the hormone levels in a female if fertilization does not occur at the end of
the cycle?
A. Estrogen and Progesterone levels increase.
B. Estrogen and Progesterone levels drop sharply.
C. Testosterone levels take over.
D. LH levels surge again.

24. In the male reproductive system, how does the body prevent testosterone levels from
becoming too high?
A. By converting the extra testosterone into sugar.
B. By releasing it through the urinary system.
C. By producing more FSH to balance it out.
D. Through a negative feedback mechanism that inhibits the pituitary gland.

25. Arrange the phases of the menstrual cycle based on the dominance of specific hormones:
Follicular Phase followed by Luteal Phase.
A. Progesterone dominance followed by Estrogen dominance.
B. Estrogen dominance followed by Progesterone dominance.
C. Testosterone dominance followed by Oxytocin dominance.
D. LH dominance followed by FSH dominance.

26. How does the interaction between Estrogen and the uterine lining illustrate the concept of
'preparation' in the reproductive system?
A. Estrogen turns the uterine lining into a hard shell.
B. Estrogen causes the lining to thin out to make room for the egg.
C. Estrogen kills off old cells so that new ones can grow after birth.
D. Estrogen stimulates the endometrium to thicken and develop blood vessels to support
a potential embryo.

27. Why is the corpus luteum essential for the first few weeks of pregnancy?
A. It produces FSH to keep the ovaries making more eggs.
B. It acts as a physical shield for the embryo.
C. It secretes progesterone to prevent the uterine lining from shedding.
D. It provides the milk for the developing fetus.
28. If a man's pituitary gland failed to produce LH, what would be the most likely effect on his
reproductive health?
A. His body would start producing estrogen instead.
B. His testosterone production would drop, leading to a loss of secondary sex
characteristics.
C. He would develop a deeper voice.
D. His sperm count would increase rapidly.

29. How do hormones ensure that only one dominant follicle usually releases an egg during a
female's cycle?
A. Rising estrogen levels from the lead follicle eventually signal the pituitary to lower
FSH, starving the smaller follicles.
B. The first follicle to grow eats the other follicles.
C. The other follicles turn into sperm cells.
D. The brain sends a specific electrical shock to all but one follicle.

30. What is the biological significance of the 'negative feedback loop' involving testosterone
and the hypothalamus?
A. It makes the male body more aggressive over time.
B. It causes the reproductive system to shut down during sleep.
C. It maintains a stable 'homeostasis' of hormone levels in the blood, preventing
extremes.
D. It allows testosterone to increase forever.

31. Which type of feedback mechanism occurs when an increase in a hormone's level signals
the brain to decrease the production of that same hormone?
A. Positive Feedback C. Negative Feedback
B. Reflex Feedback D. Neutral Feedback

32. Which specific hormone, when it reaches a high 'threshold' level just before ovulation,
briefly triggers a positive feedback loop to cause the LH surge?
A. Progesterone B. Testosterone C. Prolactin D. Estrogen

33. What is the primary gland in the brain that receives feedback signals and coordinates the
release of FSH and LH?
A. Pancreas B. Adrenal Gland C. Pituitary Gland D. Thyroid Gland

34. In the negative feedback loop of the luteal phase, which hormone is primarily responsible
for inhibiting the release of FSH to prevent new follicles from growing?
A. Progesterone B. Oxytocin C. Luteinizing Hormone D. Insulin

35. What happens to the feedback signal when fertilization does not occur and the corpus
luteum breaks down?
A. The brain stops producing all hormones permanently.
B. Positive feedback causes an immediate second ovulation.
C. Hormone levels stay high forever.
D. The negative feedback is removed as estrogen and progesterone levels drop.

36. How does the negative feedback mechanism involving FSH and Estrogen ensure that the
body doesn't waste energy maturing too many follicles at once?
A. As follicles grow and release Estrogen, the brain lowers FSH levels so that only the
strongest follicle survives.
B. FSH levels increase as Estrogen increases to make sure all follicles reach the same
size.
C. The body turns FSH into Estrogen to save space in the blood.
D. Estrogen kills the brain cells that produce FSH.
37. Why is the positive feedback loop during the middle of the cycle (the LH surge) considered
an exception to the usual rule of homeostasis?
A. Because it is the only time the brain stops working.
B. Because it only happens in males.
C. Because instead of seeking balance, it pushes a change (ovulation) to a climax by
rapidly increasing hormone levels.
D. Because it makes the body's temperature drop to freezing levels.

38. If a woman takes birth control pills containing high levels of synthetic Progesterone, how
does feedback regulation prevent pregnancy?
A. The high levels of Progesterone provide constant negative feedback, tricking the
brain into never releasing FSH or LH.
B. The pills make the ovaries produce 100 eggs at once so they run out.
C. The pills act as a physical wall that blocks the egg.
D. The progesterone encourages the brain to produce more FSH.

39. Consider the relationship between the corpus luteum and the pituitary gland. What is the
functional purpose of their feedback loop during the luteal phase?
A. To trigger the immediate shedding of the uterine lining.
B. To prevent the development of new follicles while the uterus is being prepared for a
possible pregnancy.
C. To increase the heart rate and breathing of the mother.
D. To ensure the woman stays in a constant state of ovulation.

40. Which of the following best summarizes the cycle's 'reset' mechanism when menstruation
begins?
A. The absence of negative feedback (low Estrogen/Progesterone) allows the Pituitary
to start secreting FSH again.
B. High levels of hormones signal the end of the cycle.
C. The brain decides to stop all feedback loops to rest.
D. The blood from menstruation creates a positive feedback loop for more blood.