GEIT112 | Chapter 2
GEIT112
Artificial Intelligence
Chapter 3
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
Learning Objectives
1. Define AI and explain its basic concepts and principles.
2. Analyze the evolution of AI and its impact on society.
3. Evaluate the strengths and limitations of different types of AI.
4. Describe the different stages in the AI workflow.
5. Explain the interplay between different AI components.
6. Analyze the benefits and drawbacks of AI for various domains
and stakeholders.
7. Identify the key technical, ethical, and social challenges in AI.
8. Understand the goals and objectives of the UAE's AI strategy.
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
AI Definition :
• Artificial Intelligence is the simulation of human intelligence
processes by machines, that include learning, reasoning,
self-correction and solving problems.
It is an important part in technology industries, and this field is
improving more and more over the years.
• Machines that simulate intelligent behavior.
• Collection of technologies that allow the computers to think like
humans
• Science of making intelligent machines.
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
Motivation
• Artificial intelligent machines help us to deal with complex tasks
that the human couldn’t do. That’s why we need artificial
intelligent in our life.
• Tasks that can the intelligent machines do:
• Reasoning and solving problems:
• Planning
• Learning
• Social intelligent
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
Al Statistics
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
Types of AI
• AI systems can be divided (based on capabilities) into three
types:
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
Types of AI
• AI systems can be divided (based on functionalities) into four
types:
1. Reactive Machines AI
• IBM’s chess-playing computer Deep Blue
2. Limited Memory AI
• self-driving cars.
3. Theory of Mind AI
• Sophia from Hanson Robotics
• AI is Kismet
4. Self-Aware AI
• Only exists hypothetically
• Is not developed yet
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
How Does AI work?
• In order for the machines to simulate intelligent behavior, they have to
achieve human-level performance in all cognitive tasks
• These cognitive tasks include:
• Natural language processing: For communication with humans.
• Knowledge representation: To store information effectively & efficiently.
• Automated reasoning: To retrieve & answer questions using the stored information.
• Machine learning: To adapt to new circumstances.
• Computer vision: To perceive objects (seeing).
• Robotics: To move objects (acting).
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
How Does AI work?
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
Components of AI
• Models/Algorithms:
• Machine Learning.
• Deep Learning.
• Neural Networks.
• Programming languages for building models:
• C/C++
• Python
• Java
• TensorFlow (platform)
• Software/Hardware for training and running models:
• Parallel processing tools (like Spark).
• Cloud data storage and computing platforms.
• Graphics Processing Units (GPUs).
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
Important Terms
• GPUs:
• GPU computing is the use of a GPU
(graphics processing unit) as a co-processor
to accelerate CPUs for general-purpose
scientific and engineering computing.
• Cloud data storage:
• used to store data
• Machine learning :
• the ability of devices to learn without
programming.
• Deep learning:
• is what is based on deep neural networks.
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
Advantages of AI
• Error Reduction
• Difficult Exploration
• Virtual Assistants
• Repetitive Jobs
• No Breaks
• Absence of Emotions
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
Disadvantages of AI
• Risk of loss of important data
• Can’t think out of box
• Can’t be improved with experience
• Replacement of human’s job leads to increase unemployment
• No Original Creativity
• Addiction
• High Costs
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
Challenges of AI
• Building trust, Higher expectations.
• Software malfunction:
• Software or hardware crashes.
• Technologies and expertise are too expensive.
• Removing human responsibility.
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
AI Development Areas
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
Areas AI
• Self-Driving Cars
• Virtual Assistance
• Health Care
• Health Monitoring
• Doing Repetitive Jobs
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
Comparisons
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
Comparisons
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
Comparisons
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
UAE AI Strategy
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
UAE Sectors
• transportation
• health
• space
• Renewable
• water
• technology education
• environment
• traffic
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
Future of AI
• Machine learning as a service (MLaaS) will be
deployed more broadly.
• More explainable or "transparent" AI will be
developed.
• AI will impact the global political landscape.
• AI will create more jobs than it eliminates
• AI assistants will become more pervasive and
useful
• AI/ML governance will gain importance
• AI will help companies solve AI talent shortages
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei
GEIT112 | Chapter 2
CIT Instructor: Basheir Al-Rei