Atomi'e btiucgute
A: wave lungH
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h: 6-626 XIbr34
hc- 26Xh-26
Pheton
No Pho ton
No Photon þer seCond ;: Enet9y ,bulb
Energy , Phefon
MaBb ot movirg Elnd ton
V: veloiy o e 1-(
Tadius of oll dto! 9h
2 (f-)
f: dersit oi!
Q: giovitadionalfore
R= RoA3
Radius o aNuleus
Nuleus
R= Radius o
A: MqBs Nnser
R
C n b
WGw
Lsngth 3 Xot&
hi
h
ongost wave lenpl h,:?
Shottess waelengk hy=9 hË
oE: Eabio[bod - Eevelwd
opetum MUT= hx
Angular 2J7
otbit
2 Y Ene97
Pet- otential
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Toe Entigy bElutTon k-f + P"E -ze
Th lio o PE, k"E ao7E -2:): -1
Energy EE-- 2-119 Xl6 z ergslatem
2
Jeulenltom
E: -1312 yz² k/me
h2
t--13-( 2 evl atom
El36 b z k. callmol!
4:-e, X z2
2/88 X/o
Numbeto evelution per Be cond
ve loutyU
CiHCunfsehu 2)Y h3
Tim betloc : 27Y
2
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h Cht!) o h-hi
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P: Myvjeuiy
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bet Becong ih an ofbit
Veloty of eleeto4
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ol: Momentu
in posi'ton
Nunbtt of tadical nocle = n--1
Angdarheclo
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= 2n 2
Angulor mormentun od th eleelton
o6bita
2
0- AZimuttal quantum Nuntey
To ta umsi od maghetic Quentun
Numbe Y m 2lt1
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V: Giuen Jolum
No atum |9olecules/ PEN: mol XNA Xaomjy/
PEN /Meletulo8
Speue gfaw :
densiy o wateyat4
Mols ktaion d Solude ite molatity sol
M
’
Pxlo0b -MM2
Mou fiadion into
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Molaiy
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Molatity into mo laity
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Valiny fasf8,ha/bud
Valeny fadot
Noo eguivalnt «f solde Nodmoo sofet etUf
No eqwvalut sohte: No-mollosolute KX
Nunbey of cquvewtfsato
Nojmaty : Volu (U
Ditetio
Mr nal
Mr: MËV - M, V
N:
Aud /Bosl
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Volums fstengk
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w()
Vm hyo Sol Useod in taties
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V: final Volum
P= PrehAute
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Hed cafaut
oH:outohgeT
oH: Chang in Erthatby
in ideinel Encgy
No mo predued
ohg: No- me Reacla
Head cafauty at conbBand volun
Heat cata uity at con bHand e t t biesbute (oH)
monoaom'c
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V
PN Con btat
y-1
w0Tdorg CVxoT (T -7) : R
y-1 (T,-7)
fiee exbans ion
w 0
Cycuc picUSb: (Atca of cy)
oHi: oHP-oHR
oHR-sHp
Hbond Ener99
ol combutioh sHe-oHp
al ofh enthalby (Þtedut - Reactaat )
oH utsimadion Hfupt oHVap
oS Entf-by Sfinad-S jniial
oS= Sp cdud - SPraclant
for Entoty Boveibile pouhA
oSTted: aSsystem t oSyurttoudiny
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DSToal
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P
tor iboHaimal prosd
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os- 2:3-8 n Rlog VU o P
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os = 2-3-3 n (p log 2
Ti
Entioty chang for ibe ch otie pio INA
oS: 23o3 h Cv /o9 72
oS - 23o3 h e log
P
oSfusioh = Siqud-S selid- shsubion
|as:
o4: -2:303 h RT eg ko|kpl kbf
o4: -hfEl
Equibibtin
kf: Lotward
kb: Baekwero
Nofmes 4 Solude
Ve
P:Piocut
KI
303TXTi
ce T1
kP: ke (2T) hg
R q4s cshstant
equlbtiuan Contt
Ke o kp:
hp-he
(ages)
AB ke
BA ke:
kc
hAnB ke: (kc)
hBnA = ke
(ke)4
Backocrd
O<ke fof wgr
A(9)B(9)
A-d
d'h-1) Produet
d: vatour dirsiy
kw [HJx CoHJ
H Po H= |4
Add di'luted uuh wate r AB PH
Valu
V2
PH: initHU PH +lo
Viz /nie Volu
V2 = Volum of solul ion after dilutioh
Bas
V2
[H N, V, + N,V
Stong <A+B
T'oH]. N,XVb -Naxla
Va+Vb
ka
PH: [fka- l-gkel
Pka: -lgka
molay con cettatio4
ka : ionbation Con bHat o Qud
Pka+ Pkb= 4
PH ad 2sC
Nauie HyctysiH
Sad Co nbtant
S-AtSB Neutrel X
1
kh=
2 wA+ S- B BQsic ka
1wB+ S"A 8 aud kh= kw
kb
4
wBt w-A 7+4(Pka - PEb|
kaxkb
Au'd Bu her
PH= Pka + log [su/
Basic Bu fet
(w setuatecd) ’ fotwared
a tbt is feim
Super stuated orBachuerd