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Java Scope, Overloading, Arrays & Switches

The document covers key Java programming concepts including variable scope, method overloading, arrays, enhanced for-loops, searching in arrays, varargs, and enhanced switch statements. It defines local and global scope, demonstrates method overloading with examples, and explains how to use arrays and loops for iteration and searching. Additionally, it introduces varargs for variable-length parameters and the enhanced switch syntax introduced in Java 14.

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abdellaherrajae49
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10 views6 pages

Java Scope, Overloading, Arrays & Switches

The document covers key Java programming concepts including variable scope, method overloading, arrays, enhanced for-loops, searching in arrays, varargs, and enhanced switch statements. It defines local and global scope, demonstrates method overloading with examples, and explains how to use arrays and loops for iteration and searching. Additionally, it introduces varargs for variable-length parameters and the enhanced switch syntax introduced in Java 14.

Uploaded by

abdellaherrajae49
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Java-A2

Errajae Abdellah

Scope
Definition:
Scope determines where a variable can be accessed in your code. Variables exist only
inside the block ({}) where they are declared.

Types of scope:
• Local scope: inside a method or block — accessible only there.

• Global scope (class scope): declared outside methods but inside a class —
accessible to all methods in that class (e.g., static Scanner scanner = new
Scanner([Link]);).

Example:
public class Example {

static int globalVar = 10; // class scope

public static void main(String[] args) {

int localVar = 5; // local scope

[Link](globalVar + localVar);

}
Method Overloading
Definition:
Method overloading means defining multiple methods with the same name but different
parameters (different types or number of arguments).
It’s a form of compile-time polymorphism.

Example:
static int add(int a, int b) {

return a + b;

static double add(double a, double b) {

return a + b;

Both methods are named add, but Java decides which one to use depending on the
argument types.

Arrays
Definition:
An array stores multiple values of the same type in a single variable, accessible by index.

Example:
String[] fruits = {"apple", "banana", "orange"};

[Link](fruits[0]); // apple

[Link]([Link]); // 3
You can use a loop to iterate:

for (String fruit : fruits) {

[Link](fruit);

Enhanced for-loop
Definition:
A simplified loop is used to iterate through arrays or collections without managing indices
manually.

Example:
for (String item : fruits) {

[Link](item);

Equivalent to:

for (int i = 0; i < [Link]; i++) {

[Link](fruits[i]);

}
Searching in Arrays
Definition:
You can manually loop through an array to find an element.

Example:
String[] fruits = {"apple", "orange", "banana"};

String target = "orange";

boolean found = false;

for (int i = 0; i < [Link]; i++) {

if (fruits[i].equals(target)) {

[Link]("Found at index " + i);

found = true;

break;

if (!found) [Link]("Not found");

Varargs (...)
Definition:
Varargs (variable arguments) let a method take a variable number of parameters of the
same type. It acts like an array inside the method.
Example:
static int add(int... numbers) {

int sum = 0;

for (int n : numbers) sum += n;

return sum;

[Link](add(1, 2, 3, 4)); // 10

Varargs can even be used for averaging:

static double avg(double... numbers) {

if ([Link] == 0) return 0;

double sum = 0;

for (double n : numbers) sum += n;

return sum / [Link];

Switch Statements (Enhanced Switch)


Definition:
A switch chooses one of many code blocks to execute based on a variable’s value.
The enhanced switch (Java 14+) allows cleaner syntax.

Example:
int choice = 2;
switch (choice) {

case 1 -> [Link]("Option 1");

case 2 -> [Link]("Option 2");

case 3 -> [Link]("Option 3");

default -> [Link]("Invalid choice");

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