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Advanced Java Concepts and Examples

The document provides advanced Java notes covering key concepts such as encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction, and exception handling, each accompanied by examples. It also discusses differences between String, StringBuilder, and StringBuffer, as well as collections like ArrayList, HashSet, and HashMap. Additionally, it touches on multithreading and Java 8 lambda expressions for concise coding.

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Rajan Manickam
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4 views2 pages

Advanced Java Concepts and Examples

The document provides advanced Java notes covering key concepts such as encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction, and exception handling, each accompanied by examples. It also discusses differences between String, StringBuilder, and StringBuffer, as well as collections like ArrayList, HashSet, and HashMap. Additionally, it touches on multithreading and Java 8 lambda expressions for concise coding.

Uploaded by

Rajan Manickam
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ADVANCED JAVA NOTES WITH EXAMPLES

1. Encapsulation (With Example)


Encapsulation means binding data and methods together and hiding data using private access
modifier.

Example:
class Student { private int id; public void setId(int i){ id=i; } public int getId(){ return id; }}

2. Inheritance (With Example)


Inheritance allows one class to acquire properties of another class using extends keyword.

Example:
class A { int x=10; } class B extends A { void show(){ [Link](x); }}

3. Polymorphism
Polymorphism means one method behaving differently. Overloading is compile-time, overriding is
runtime.

Example:
class Test { void add(int a,int b){} void add(int a,int b,int c){} }

4. Abstraction
Abstraction hides implementation and shows only functionality using abstract classes or interfaces.

Example:
abstract class Shape { abstract void draw(); }

5. String vs StringBuilder vs StringBuffer


String is immutable. StringBuilder is mutable and fast. StringBuffer is mutable and thread-safe.

Example:
StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder("Hi"); [Link](" Java");

6. Exception Handling
Exceptions are runtime errors handled using try-catch.

Example:
try{ int a=10/0; }catch(Exception e){ [Link](e); }

7. Collections Example
ArrayList allows duplicates. HashSet removes duplicates. HashMap stores key-value.

Example:
ArrayList l=new ArrayList<>(); [Link](10);

8. Multithreading
Thread allows concurrent execution.
Example:
class MyThread extends Thread { public void run(){ [Link]("Run"); }}

9. Java 8 Lambda
Lambda provides concise code.

Example:
Runnable r=()->[Link]("Hello");

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