NAME: ANI CHIZARAM MIRACLE
REG. NO: 2022/41035NS
COURSE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
LEVEL: 400Level
DEPARTMENT: NURSING SCIENCE
TOPIC: SELF-MEDICATION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Self-medication refers to the use of drugs without a prescription or the guidance of a
qualified healthcare professional. It involves individuals diagnosing their own
illnesses and purchasing medicines often over-the-counter drugs to treat perceived
symptoms. Although self-medication can provide quick relief and reduce pressure on
healthcare systems, it poses significant health risks when practiced irresponsibly.
Globally, self-medication has become a growing public health concern, especially
among young adults. According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2022),
approximately 70% of people in developing countries practice self-medication for
common ailments such as headaches, colds, and stomach pains. Among university
students, this trend is particularly worrisome due to easy access to pharmacies, lack of
medical supervision, and a tendency to rely on peer or internet-based advice. In
Nigeria, university students often resort to self-medication due to factors such as high
medical costs, long hospital waiting times, and academic schedules that limit access to
healthcare services. However, misuse of drugs especially antibiotics, painkillers, and
sedatives can lead to drug resistance, adverse reactions, and long-term health
complications. This study therefore investigates the impact of self-medication on the
health of university students.
Statement of the Problem
Despite awareness campaigns on the dangers of improper drug use, self-medication
remains prevalent among university students. Many students believe they can manage
minor ailments without consulting a doctor. As a result, they frequently use drugs
such as analgesics, antimalarials, and antibiotics without proper diagnosis or dosage
instructions.
This behavior increases the risk of antibiotic resistance, drug dependency, and toxic
side effects. Moreover, the lack of professional medical advice may lead to
misdiagnosis, delayed treatment, or worsening of existing conditions. While several
studies have addressed self-medication in the general population, limited research has
specifically focused on its prevalence and health impact among university students in
this [Link] study, therefore, seeks to bridge this gap by examining the causes,
patterns, and health consequences of self-medication among university students.
Objectives of the Study
General Objective
To assess the impact of self-medication on the health of university students.
Specific Objectives
1. To determine the prevalence of self-medication among university students.
2. To identify the common types of drugs used without prescription.
3. To examine the reasons why students engage in self-medication.
4. To evaluate the health consequences associated with self-medication practices.
5. To suggest strategies for reducing self-medication among university students.
Significance of the Study
This study is significant because it provides valuable insights into the growing
problem of self-medication among young adults. The findings will help health
authorities, university administrators, and policymakers develop effective health
education campaigns to promote responsible drug use.
It will also benefit students by raising awareness about the dangers of using
unprescribed medications and the importance of seeking professional healthcare
advice. Furthermore, this study will add to existing academic literature and serve as a
reference for future research on drug misuse and public health promotion among
youths
Reference
WHO,2022