DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

DATA VISUALIZATION - R PROGRAMMING/ POWER BI

INTRODUCTION:

Installation of Power BI Desktop:

AIM: How to install power bi

PROCEDURE:

STEPS:-
1. Go to the Microsoft Power BI website.
2. Click on the "Get started for free" button.
3. Sign in with a Microsoft account or create a new one.
4. Choose the Power BI plan that you want to use and click on "Start free".
5. Download the Power BI installer for your laptop.
6. Double-click on the installer to start the installation process.
7. Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the installation.
8. Once the installation is complete, launch the Power BI application.
9. Sign in with your Microsoft account and start using Power BI.
10. Explore the different features and tools that Power BI has to offer.

1
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

OUTPUT:

2
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

3
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

4
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

5
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

6
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

WEEK1:
AIM: Understanding data, what is data, where to find data, foundation for
building data visualizations, creating your first visualization?
DESCRIPTION:
Power BI is a collection of software services, apps, and connectors that work together to turn your
unrelated sources of data into coherent, visually immersive, and interactive insights. Your data might
be an Excel spreadsheet, or a collection of cloud-based and on-premises hybrid data warehouses.
Power BI lets you easily connect to your data sources, visualize and discover what's important, and
share that with anyone or everyone you want.
What is Data?

Data refers to raw facts, statistics, or information collected or stored in a structured or unstructured
form. Data can take various forms, such as text, numbers, images, videos, and more. It is the
foundation of all information and knowledge and is used in various fields for analysis, decision-
making, and understanding trends and patterns.

Data can be categorized into two main types:

 Structured Data: This type of data is organized into a specific format, such as tables or databases,
and is easily searchable and analyzable. Examples include spreadsheets, relational databases, and
CSV files.

 Unstructured Data: Unstructured data lacks a specific format and can include text documents,
social media posts, images, audio recordings, and more. Analyzing unstructured data often
requires advanced techniques like natural language processing and image recognition. 

Semi-structured data is a type of data that is not purely structured, but also not completely
unstructured. It contains some level of organization or structure, but does not conform to a rigid
schema or data model, and may contain elements that are not easily categorized or classified.

• Semi-structured data is typically characterized by the use of metadata or tags that provide
additional information about the data elements. For example, an XML document might contain
tags that indicate the structure of the document, but may also contain additional tags that provide
metadata about the content, such as author, date, or keywords.
• Other examples of semi-structured data include JSON, which is commonly used for exchanging
data between web applications, and log files, which often contain a mix of structured and
unstructured data.

7
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Where to Find Data?

You can find data from various sources, depending on your specific needs:
 Open Data Portals: Many governments and organizations provide free access to a wide range
of data through open data portals. Examples include [Link] (United States) and [Link]
(United Kingdom). 
 Data Repositories: Academic institutions, research organizations, and data enthusiasts often
share datasets on platforms like Kaggle, GitHub, and the UCI Machine Learning Repository. 
 APIs (Application Programming Interfaces): Some websites and services offer APIs that
allowyou to programmatically access and retrieve data. Examples include Twitter API, Google
MapsAPI, and financial market APIs.
 Web Scraping: You can extract data from websites using web scraping tools and libraries like
Beautiful Soup and Scrappy. However, be mindful of the website's terms of use and legal
restrictions. 
 Surveys and Surveys: You can conduct your own surveys or collect data through questionnaires
and interviews. 
 IoT Devices: Internet of Things (IoT) devices generate vast amounts of data that can be
used for various purposes. 
 Commercial Data Providers: Some companies specialize in selling datasets for specific
industries, such as market research, finance, and healthcare. 

Foundations for Building Data Visualizations:

Creating effective data visualizations requires a strong foundation in several key areas:
 Data Analysis: Before creating visualizations, you should thoroughly analyze your data to
understand its structure, relationships, and any patterns or trends. Exploratory data analysis
(EDA) techniques can help with this.
 Statistical Knowledge: Understanding basic statistics is essential for making meaningful
interpretations of data. Concepts like mean, median, standard deviation, and correlation are
commonly used in data visualization. 

 Domain Knowledge: Having knowledge of the specific domain or subject matter related to
your data is crucial for creating contextually relevant visualizations. It helps you ask the right
questions and provide valuable insights.
 Visualization Tools: Familiarize yourself with data visualization tools and libraries such as
matplotlib, Seaborne, ggplot2, [Link], and Power BI. Each tool has its strengths and can be used
for different types of visualizations. 
 Design Principles: Study design principles, including color theory, typography, and visual
hierarchy, to create visually appealing and effective visualizations. Avoid common pitfalls like
misleading visualizations.
 Interactivity: Learn how to add interactive elements to your visualizations to engage users and
allow them to explore the data. This can be achieved using tools like JavaScript, Python
libraries, or dedicated visualization software.

8
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

PROCEDURE:
1. Create your first report by connecting to a data source, selecting the appropriate
visualizations, and customizing the layout.
2. Use Power Query to clean and transform your data before importing it into Power BI.
Experiment with different filters and slicers to analyze your data from different angles.
3. Share your reports with others by publishing them to the Power BI service or embedding
them in other applications.
4. Collaborate with your team by creating workspaces and assigning roles and permissions.
Stay up-to-date with the latest trends and insights by using Power BI's built-in AI capabilities,
such as natural language queries and automated insights.
5. Join the Power BI community to learn from other users, share your own experiences, and get
support from Microsoft experts.

9
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

10
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

11
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

12
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

13
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

WEEK 2: -
AIM: Getting started with power bi software using data file formats, connecting
your data to Power BI, creating basic charts (line, bar charts, tree maps), using
the show me panel
PROCEDURE:
Step1: To begin with, the first step is to download and install Power BI Desktop. Once installed,
you can connect your data file formats such as csv, excel, or SQL databases to Power BI.
Step2: This can be done by selecting "Get Data" from the Home tab and then selecting your desired
data source.
Step3: After connecting your data, you can start creating basic charts like line charts, bar charts,
and tree maps.
Step4: Simply select the chart type from the Visualizations pane and drag and drop the desired
fields from your data onto the different sections of the chart.
Step5: It's important to keep in mind that these basic charts are only the beginning of what Power
BI can do.
Step6: There are many other chart types and features that can be used to create more advanced
reports and dashboards.
Step7: Overall, Power BI is a powerful tool for analyzing data, and it's definitely worth investing
the time to learn how to use it effectively.

14
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

15
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

16
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

17
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

WEEK 3: -
AIM: Power Bi calculations, overview of SUM, AVG and Aggregate features,
creating customcalculation and fields.
PROCEDURE:
Overview of SUM, AVG, and Aggregate Features
Power BI provides various calculation features to help users analyze and visualize their
data effectively. Some of these features are:

· SUM: Calculates the total sum of a numeric column.

· AVG: Calculates the average of a numeric column.
· Aggregate: Performs various calculations such as COUNT, MIN, MAX, SUM,
AVG, [Link] a column or group of columns.

Power BI Calculations
Power BI calculations allow you to analyze your data in new and powerful ways. You can
use calculations to create new fields, aggregate data, and perform complex calculations.

SUM
The SUM function is one of the most common aggregate functions in Power BI. It is used
to calculate the sum of all the values in a column. The SUM function can be used on any
numeric field.
AVG
The AVG function is another common aggregate function in Power BI. It is used to calculate
the average of all the values in a column. The AVG function can be used on any numeric
field.
Aggregate Features
Power BI offers a variety of aggregate features that allow you to summarize your data in
different ways. Some of the most common aggregate features include:
* SUM
* AVG
* COUNT
* MIN
* MAX

You can use aggregate features to create measures, which are dynamic values that are
calculatedbased on the data in your dataset.
Creating Custom Calculations
Users can also create custom calculations and fields in Power BI. To create a custom
calculation, follow these steps:

18
1
8
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

1. Select the table or visualization that you want to create the calculation for.
2. Click on the "New Measure" button in the "Fields" pane.
3. Enter the formula for your calculation in the "Formula Bar."
4. Give a name to your calculation and press "Enter."
5. Your custom calculation will now be available in the "Fields" pane for use in
your visualizations.
Power BI allows you to create custom calculations and fields using the Data Analysis
Expressions (DAX) language. DAX is a powerful formula language thatallows you to
perform complex calculations on your data.
 To Create a custom calculation, you can use the New measure Dialog box

 To create a custom field, you can use the New Column dialog box.

Here is an example of a custom calculation:

Head count= count rows (data)

19
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

You can use custom calculations and fields to create more sophisticated reports and analyses
Here are some tips for creating custom calculations and fields:

* Use the IntelliSense feature to help you write DAX formulas.

* Test your calculations and fields thoroughly to make sure they are working as expected.
* Document your calculations and fields so that other users can understand them.

SUM

20
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

MAX

MIN

AVG

Creating of list and bin measures: -

Lists and bins are two ways to group data in Power BI. Both lists and bins can be used to
createnew fields, aggregate data, and perform complex calculations.

Lists are used to group data into categories. For example, you could use a list to group
productsinto categories, customers into regions, or employees into departments.

Bins are used to group data into ranges of values. For example, you could use a bin to group
sales into ranges, such as $0-$100, $101-$200, and $201+.

To create a list or bin, right-click on a field in the Fields list and select New group. Then, select
thetype of group you want to create (list or bin) and specify the group criteria.

21
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Once you have created a list or bin, you can use it to create new fields, aggregate data, and
performcomplex calculations. For example, you could create a new field that counts the number
of items ineach group, or you could calculate the average value of each group.

Here are some examples of how to use lists and bins in Power BI:

• Create a list of products by category and then calculate the total sales for each
category.
• Create a bin of sales by range and then calculate the percentage of sales for each
range.
• Create a list of customers by region and then calculate the average order value
for each region.
• Create a bin of employee salaries by range and then calculate the number of
employees in each range.

22
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

23
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

24
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

WEEK 4: -

AIM: Applying new data calculations to your visualization, formatting

visualization, formatting tools and menus, Formatting specific parts of the
view.
PROCEDURE:

Step1: To apply new data calculations to visualization, formatting visualization and tools, as
well as formatting specific parts of the view in Power BI, using proper formatting techniques is
essential for displaying data adequately.

Step2: For example, the use of headings, paragraphs, and tables helps organize the content,
and the use of colors, fonts, and styles makes the visualization more appealing.

Step3: When applying new data calculations to visualization, it's important to ensure that the
calculations are accurate and relevant to the data being displayed.

Step4: Using Power BI's formatting tools and menus can be helpful in creating meaningful
visualizations.

Step5: Furthermore, formatting tools such as grids, rulers, and snap-to-guides can be useful to
alignvisualizations in a more organized and polished way.

Step6: Lastly, formatting specific parts of the view, such as text boxes, charts, and axes can
help highlight critical data points and make it more easily accessible to users.

Step7: By using proper formatting techniques and utilizing Power BI's formatting tools and
menus, visualizations can be made more responsive and appealing for users, thus improving
the overall user experience.

25
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Here to create the new data calculation you need click on Table view and you need to create a
new column for new data for that purpose click on New Column on calculation panel.
Using Arithmetic Operation, we can calculate new data

• +(Addition)

 -Subtraction

 *(Multiplication) 

 /(Division) 

DAX Expression for Arithmetic Operations on Walmart Dataset

Multiplication of quantity with sales = Walmart [Sales] * Walmart [Quantity]
You can use the all Arithmetic Operation
Formatting specific parts of the view:
Step8: To formatting the specific part of the view you need the select the one desired visualization
element for Visualization pane and Drag and drop the Data fields with the properties.
Step9: By Default, report in build visual you need to click on format your visual button which is
beside the built visual.

26
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Step10: After Clicking on Format visual it will display the list of features you need to format the
report.

Step11: In the format Visual there are two features visual and general, you need to customize the
particular Axis need to click on Axis as shown below
• In X-Axis we can change the Font format for Value of X-axis as well we can change the color
of the values and Font Size, Height of the values and width.
• There is Restart Default option to undo the all changes which you have done.

27
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

• Likewise, In Y-axis and Data label’s is used to display the Particular values on the report by
default it is in OFF button to Display need to ON the Button.

Formatting specific parts of the view:

Step12: Here in this report view we are formatted specific Part of the Report By using the Features
available in the format Visual like Customizing the X-axis values and Title text by changing the
font color and text format (Arial Black).
Data Labels by default it’s in OFF need to ON because to display the Data Values in the report
and the values should display inside the bar or outside the bar we can customize and we can change
thecolor of Data Labels.
Grid lines is to display the lines in the report as shown in the below figure the Type of gridline
Solid, Dotted, Dashed type of lines.

Zoom Slider is the Slider to Adjust the Range of Y-axis depend on the Data field of Y-axis.

Columns feature is used to customize each Bar with different Color and Spacing Pixel Size and
Width of the Bar, as Shown in Figure Below.

28
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Zoom Slider Grid Lines Data Labels Column

29
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

WEEK 5: -

AIM: Editing and Formatting Axes, Manipulating Data in power bi data,

pivoting power BI data.
PROCEDURE:

You can edit and format the axes in Power BI visualization to make them more readable and
informative. To do this, select the axis that you want to edit and then expand the axis options
in theFormat pane.
Some of the things that you can edit and format include: Formatting the particular Axes values
(X- axes), To format click on Format visual in Visualization Panel.

 Axis Values
 Axis title
 Axis labels
 Axis range
 Axis scale
 Axis tick marks
 Axis line color and thickness
After Applying the Formatting feature the visual is shown below

30
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

You can also use the Format pane to add a grid to the visualization and Plot background area
images from browser, Data Labels customize the alignment and covert the currency values.

31
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

WEEK 6: -
AIM: Structuring your data, Sorting and filtering power bi data, Pivoting table
in Power BI
DESCRIPTION:
When you import data into Power BI, it is important to structure it in a way that will make it easy
to analyse. This means organizing your data into tables, with each column representing a single
attribute of the data.
For example, a table of sales data might have columns for the following attributes:
 Product name
 Customer name
 Order date
 Order quantity
 Sales price
By structuring your data in this way, you can easily create pivot tables and other visualizations to
analyse your data.
Sorting and filtering Power BI data
Once your data is structured in a way that is easy to analyse, you can use Power BI's sorting and
filtering features to focus on the specific data that you are interested in.
To sort data in Power BI, simply click on the column header that you want to sort by and select
the desired sort order (ascending or descending). You can also sort data by multiple columns by
holding down the Ctrl key while clicking on the column headers.
To filter data in Power BI, click on the column header that you want to filter by and then select the
desired filter criteria. For example, you could filter the sales data table to only show sales for a
specific product or customer.

PROCEDURE STEPS:
Step1: Sorting the particular column in the table view, the Sorting the Name into A to Z or Z to A
Step2: Go to Table view click on the head of the column it will display sorting type as shown

32
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Fig: Unsorted Table View

33
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Step3: By clicking on the Sort Ascending order the Column will sort in A to Z and Here you can
sort the Particular selected Name should not dimmed that selected name by Toggle the button at
name.

Fig: Sorted Particular column Into Ascending Order

Pivot tables in Power BI

Pivot tables are a powerful tool for summarizing and analysing data in Power BI. Pivot tables
allow you to group your data by different dimensions and then summarize the data using different
aggregation functions (such as sum, count, and average).
To create a pivot table in Power BI, simply drag and drop fields from the Fields pane to the
Rows, Columns, Values, and Filters areas of the pivot table. The Rows and Columns areas define
the dimensions of the pivot table. The Values area defines the measure that you want to summarize.
The Filters area allows you to filter the data in the pivot table.

34
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Once you have created a pivot table, you can use it to explore your data in a variety of ways. For
example, you could group the sales data table by product category and region, and then summarize
the data using the sum of sales. This would allow you to see which product categories are selling
the best in each region.
Step4: Sorting at Report view by using creating Pivot table we can sort the particular column. For
that create the Pivot table using Matrix visual element with the Data Field.
NAME OF THE DATA SET: HR Data
NAME OF VISUAL ELEMENT: Matrix
ROWS: Department, Name
COLOUMN: Rating, Age
VALUE: Sum of Salary
Step5: To sort the particular column just Double click on the head of that column then it will sort
Ascending to Descending Order. Vice-verse

Special Filters Feature: Conditional formatting in Power BI

Conditional Formatting is the one of the special formatting the report by using this feature we can
describe or get the information by observing the just report in the Page it means each column and
Row is designed with the Graphics as show in Fig

Step6: Go to Visualization Pane, click on sum of Salary data field right click on that it displays
the Options choose the Conditional formatting option and in that it contains fiver different
Conditional Formatting Features they are

 Background Color

 Data Color

 Data Bars

 Icons

 Web url

35
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Use the Features by clicking on each option it will display in the report as shown in the Figure
below

Fig: Conditional Formatting Features.

Fig: Conditional Formatting Features.

36
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Step7: After choosing the one option it will display the customizing the Conditional based on that
condition it will display, we can customize the format style and Minimum and Maximum values
color.

Fig: Conditional Customize for Background Color in Conditional Formatting.

37
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Fig: Final Report after Applying the all Conditional Formatting Features

38
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

WEEK 7:

AIM: Advanced Visualization Tools: Using Filters, Using the Detail panel,
using the Size panels, customizing filters, Using and customizing tool tips,
formatting your data with colors.
DESCRIPTION:
You've mentioned several powerful tools that can elevate your data visualizations beyond basic
charts and graphs. Let's explore each one in detail:

1. Using Filters:
 Basic filtering: Select specific data points or subsets to focus on, hiding irrelevant
information.

 Condition-based filtering: Create dynamic filters based on criteria, e.g., showing sales
abovea certain threshold.

39
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

 Interactive filtering: Use sliders, drop downs, or check boxes to dynamically adjust filters
while viewing the visualization. 






2. Using the Detail panel:

 Drill down: Explore data deeper by revealing additional levels of detail within chosen
points, like product categories within regions

 Contextual information: Display relevant statistics, percentages, or associated data

alongside selected points.

40
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

 Custom calculations: Perform on-the-fly calculations or aggregations based on selected

data subsets.



41
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

3. Using the Size panels:

 Proportional encoding: Adjust the size of data points to represent their magnitude (e.g.,
larger circles for higher sales).


 Hierarchical visualization: Use nested sizes to show relationships between data points
(e.g., countries within continents).


42
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

 Emphasis and focus: Draw attention to important data points by making them larger
than others.

4. Customizing filters:
 Multiple filters: Combine filters for more granular control, e.g., filtering by region and
thenby product category.

43
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

 Boolean operators: Use AND, OR, and NOT to create complex filter expressions for
precisedata selection.


 Interactive legends: Link filters to legend elements for intuitive control, clicking a legend
item to filter by that data point.

5. Using and customizing tooltips:

 Hover information: Display additional details on data points when hovering over them,
likeproduct names, prices, or trends.

44
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

 Formatted tooltips: Control the layout and formatting of tooltip content for clarity
andreadability.

 Dynamic tooltips: Generate custom tooltip content based on specific data points or
userinteractions.

45
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

1. Formatting your data with colors:

Apply conditional formatting in tables and matrixes with conditional formatting for tables and
matrixes in Power BI, you can specify customized cell colors, including color gradients, based on
field values. You can also represent cell values with data bars or KPI icons, or as active web links.
You can apply conditional formatting to any text or data field, as long as you base the formatting
on a field that has numeric, color name or hex code, or web URL values.
To apply conditional formatting, select a Table or Matrix visualization in Power BI Desktop
or the Power BI service. In the Visualizations pane, right-click or select the down-arrow next to
the field in the Values well that you want to format. Select Conditional formatting, and then select
thetype of formatting to apply.

To remove conditional formatting from a visualization, select Remove conditional formatting from
the field's drop-down menu, and then select the type of formatting to remove.

46
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Format background or font color

To format cell background or font color, select Conditional formatting for a field,and then select
either Background color or Font color from the drop-down menu.

The Background color or Font color dialog box opens, with the name of the field you're formatting
in the title. After selecting conditional formatting options, select OK.

Color by color Scale:

To format cell background or font color by color scale, in the Format style field of the Background
color or Font color dialog box, select Gradient. Under what field should we based this on? Select
the field to base the formatting on. You can base the formatting on the current field, or on any field
in your model that has numerical or color data.

47
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Under Summarization, specify the aggregation type you want to use for the selected field. Under
Default formatting, select a formatting to apply to blank values.
Under Minimum and Maximum, choose whether to apply the color scheme based on the lowest and
highest field values, or on custom values you enter. Drop down and select the colors swatches you
want to apply to the minimum and maximum values. Select the Add a middle color check box to
also specify a Center value and color.

Color by rules:
To format cell background or font color by rules, in the Format style field of the Background color
or Font color dialog box, select Rules. Again, what field should we base this on? Shows the field
to base the formatting on, and Summarization the aggregation type for the field. Under Rules, enter
one or more value ranges, and set a color for each one. Each value range has an If value condition,
an and value condition, and a color. Cell backgrounds or fonts in each valuerange are colored with
the given color. The following example has three rules:

48
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Add data bars:

To show data bars based on cell values, select Conditional formatting for the Affordability field,
and then select Data bars from the drop-down menu.
In the Data bars dialog, the Show bar only option is unchecked by default, so the table cells show
both the bars and the actual values. To show the data bars only, select the Show bar only check box.
You can specify Minimum and Maximum values, data bar colors and direction, and axis color.

Add Icons:
To show icons based on cell values, select Conditional formatting for the field, and then
select Icons from the drop-down menu.
In the Icons dialog, under Format style, select either Rules or Field value.
To format by rules, select a What field should we base this on? Summarization method, Icon
layout, Icon alignment, icon Style, and one or more Rules. Under Rules, enter one or more rules
with an If value condition and an and value condition, and select an icon to apply to each rule.
To format by field values, select a What field should we base this on? Summarization method, Icon
layout, and Icon alignment.
The following example adds icons based on three rules:

49
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Select OK.

50
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

WEEK-8:
AIM: Creating Dashboards & Storytelling, creating your first
dashboard and Story, Design for different displays, adding interactivity to
your Dashboard, Distributing & Publishing your Visualization.

DESCRIPTION:

A Power BI dashboard is a single page, often called a canvas that tells a story through
visualizations. Because it's limited to one page, a well-designed dashboard contains only the
highlights of that story. Readers can view related reports for the details.
Dashboards are a feature of the Power BI service. They're not available in Power BI Desktop.
You can't create dashboards on mobile devices, but you can view and share them there.
Dashboard basics:
The visualizations you see on the dashboard are called tiles. You pin tiles to a dashboard from
reports, and each report is based on a semantic model. A dashboard is an introduction to the
underlying reports and semantic models. Selecting a visualization takes you to the report and
semantic model that it's based on.
Advantages of dashboards:
Dashboards are a way to monitor your business and see all your most important metrics at a glance.
The visualizations on a dashboard can come from one underlying semantic model or many, and
from one underlying report or many. A dashboard combines on-premises and cloud data,
providinga consolidated view of data.
A dashboard isn't just a pretty picture. It's highly interactive, and the tiles update as the underlying
data changes.

REPORTS DASHBOARD
Reports can have Multiple Page Dashboard can have only one page
Each report will have only one dataset Dashboard is a pinned visual, so you can
get visual from one or more data sets
In Report we can do Filtering and Use In Dashboard the Options are very
Limited no such features to Filter and
Slicers
Report are Interactive Dashboard are not Interactive
Reports are not Limited, it Has a Dashboard include only limited
DetailedBreakup of each category of information which is needed to the user
data in multiple pages
Ex: drill through

51
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

PROCEDURE STEPS:
Step1: In General Dashboard is created in Power BI services, In Power BI Desktop we will
Create Report then we publish in the Power BI Service By creating Account in the Microsoft
Power BI Sign In.
CREATING YOUR FIRST DASHBOARD:
1. Define Your Goal and Audience:
Before diving into visuals, ask yourself:
What story do you want to tell? What are the key questions you want to answer with your data?
Who are you creating this dashboard for? Understanding your audience's needs and
knowledgelevel will help tailor your visuals and storytelling approach.
2. Gather and Prepare Your Data:
Connect to your data source: Power BI can handle a variety of data sources, from Excel files
tocloud databases.
Clean and shape your data: Ensure accuracy, consistency, and address any missing values or
outliers. Power Query Editor is your friend here!
3. Choose Effective Visualizations:
Match the chart type to your data and message. Bar charts for comparisons, line charts for
trends,maps for geographical relationships, and so on.
Start simple and avoid cluttering your dashboard. Focus on the most important insights. Use
color strategically. Opt for clear and accessible palettes, considering color blindness.
4. Build Your Dashboard Canvas:
Think layout and flow. Arrange visuals to guide your audience's eye through the story.
Use white space effectively. Don't cram too much information, give your visuals breathing
[Link] titles and labels for clarity. Briefly explain what each chart represents.
5. Craft Your Narrative:
Start with a strong hook. Grab attention with a surprising statistic, an intriguing question,
or arelatable anecdote.
Highlight key trends and insights. Use callouts, annotations, and conditional formatting to
drawattention to important findings.
Connect the dots. Guide your audience through the data, explaining how different visuals relate
toeach other.
6. Add Interactivity:
Empower your audience to explore. Enable filters, slicers, and drill-down capabilities for
deeper dives.
Incorporate interactive elements. Use spark lines, maps with drill-down, and custom visuals to
create engaging experiences.
7. Share Your Story:
Export your dashboard to various formats. PDFs, PowerPoint slides, or online publishing
platforms like Power BI Service.

52
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Tailor your presentation to your audience. Focus on the most relevant insights and adjust the
levelof detail.
Step2: Go to Power BI Desktop, create the Report for Dashboard in order to make the report
more interactive and Dynamic here we are using shapes, using different visual element we will
create thereport.
DESIGN FOR DIFFERENT DISPLAYS
1. Responsive Design:
Embrace a fluid layout that automatically adjusts to the available screen size. Power BI offers
built-in responsive settings like "fit to page" and "fit to width" to prevent unwanted zooming or
[Link] key information. Don't overload smaller screens with excessive visuals or
text. Focus onthe most critical insights and use concise labels.
Leverage visual hierarchy. Arrange elements based on their importance, guiding the eye
towards the most impactful data points.
2. Visualization Choice:
Match the visualization type to the display size. Complex charts with numerous data points
might become unreadable on smaller screens. Opt for simpler visuals like maps, card charts,
or bullet graphs for mobile environments.
Consider interactivity wisely. While drill-down capabilities can be valuable on larger screens,
they might clutter the limited space on mobile devices. Offer alternative exploration methods
like touchgestures or simplified filters.
3. Color and Typography:
Maintain appropriate contrast. Ensure text and visuals are clearly visible regardless of the
screen'sbrightness or ambient light. Consider accessibility guidelines for color blindness.
Use legible fonts. Avoid overly decorative or thin fonts that become difficult to read on
smaller screens. Stick to clear, sans-serif styles with adequate size adjustments for mobile
viewing.
4. Testing and Refinement:
Always test your reports on different devices. Preview your dashboards on mobile phones,
tablets,and various screen sizes to identify potential layout issues or readability problems.
Gather feedback from users. Ask colleagues or target audience members to test your reports on
their devices and provide suggestions for improvement.
Step3: Go to Ribbon, click on Insert in that use shapes for interactive report.

53
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

ADDING INTERACTIVITY TO YOUR DASHBOARD

1. Filters and Slicers:
These are the bread and butter of interactivity, allowing users to narrow down the data based
on specific criteria. Place them strategically on your dashboard to let users filter by time period,
productcategory, location, or any other relevant dimension.
2. Drill-Down:
Take users deeper into the data by creating layers of exploration. Clicking on a data point in
one visual can reveal a more detailed view in another, offering a deeper understanding of trends
and relationships.
3. Tooltips and Callouts:
Provide additional context and information on hover. Dynamic tooltips can appear when users
hover over data points, revealing details like specific values, percentages, or underlying
calculations. Usecallouts to highlight specific data points and draw attention to key insights.
4. Custom visuals:
Power BI's marketplace offers a vast range of custom visuals beyond the built-in options.
Explore interactive maps, timelines, spark lines, and other engaging elements to add a unique
and dynamic touch to your dashboards.
5. Bookmarks and Navigation:
Guide users through your story by creating bookmarks that highlight specific sections of your
dashboard. Allow users to navigate between different views and insights with interactive
buttons or arrows.
6. Conditional Formatting:
Make your data visually dynamic by changing the appearance of elements based on certain
conditions. For example, highlight positive trends in green and negative trends in red to
instantly grab attention and convey meaning.

DATASET: Financial dataset

VISUAL ELEMENT: Slicer, KCI, Gauge, Donut, Key Influences, Q&A
DATA FIELD: Profit, sales, Data of order

54
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

55
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

STORYTELLING: -
Storytelling in Power BI: Transforming Data into Captivating Narratives
Power BI is a powerful tool for data visualization, but its true potential lies in its ability to
weave data into compelling narratives. Storytelling in Power BI goes beyond simply presenting
charts and graphs; it's about using data to connect with your audience, engage their emotions,
and inspire action.
Here's how to transform your Power BI reports into captivating stories:
1. Define Your Story:
Start with a clear purpose. What message do you want to convey? What decision do you want
your audience to make?
Identify your audience. Who are you trying to reach? What are their interests and knowledge
level?Develop a narrative arc. Craft a beginning, middle, and end, with each visualization
building uponthe previous one.
2. Choose the Right Visualizations:
Match the chart type to your data and message. Use bar charts for comparisons, line charts
for trends and maps for geographical relationships.
Prioritize clarity and simplicity. Avoid cluttering your dashboards with too much information.
Use color strategically. Employ color palettes that are visually appealing and accessible to
viewers with color blindness.
3. Guide Your Audience:
Start with a strong hook. Capture attention with a surprising statistic, an intriguing question,
or arelatable anecdote.
Use titles and labels effectively. Tell the story behind the data with clear and concise labels.
Highlight key insights. Use callouts, annotations, and conditional formatting to draw attention
to important findings.
4. Add Interactivity:
Empower your audience to explore. Enable filters, slicers, and drill-down capabilities to let
users delve deeper into the data.
Incorporate interactive elements. Utilize spark lines, maps with drill-down, and custom
visuals to create engaging experiences.
5. Deliver Your Story with Impact:
Craft a visually appealing layout. Use white space effectively, balance charts and text, and
maintain consistent formatting.
Tell your story with visuals and text. Combine charts and graphs with concise narratives to
guideyour audience through the data.
Share your story. Export your reports to PDFs, embed them in presentations, or publish them
online for wider reach.

56
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

DISTRIBUTING & AMP: PUBLISHINGYOUR VISUALIZATION

1. Sharing within Power BI Service:

Direct sharing: Share your dashboard with individual users or groups within your organization.
They'll receive an email invitation and access the dashboard in their Power BI workspace.

App workspaces: Group related reports and dashboards into an app and distribute it to a wider
audience. This works well for sharing content with specific departments or roles.
Embed in Teams or SharePoint: Integrate your dashboard into Microsoft Teams or SharePoint
sites for seamless data access within collaborative workflows.

2. Publishing for public access:

Power BI Service workspace (Pro or Premium): Share your dashboard publicly within your
Power BI workspace if you have a Pro or Premium license. Users will need a free Power BI
account to access it.

App Source: Publish your app to the Power BI App Source for broader dissemination. Anyone
with a Power BI account can browse and install your app, making your insights readily
available.

Embed in public websites: Embed your dashboard in public websites or portals using an
iframe code generated by Power BI service. This option allows wider external reach beyond
the Power BI ecosystem.

3. Considerations for each approach:

Security and permissions: Define appropriate access levels for different users or groups
dependingon the sensitivity of your data.
Audience and platform: Choose the platform that best aligns with your target audience and
their Power BI access.
License requirements: Some publishing options require specific Power BI licenses for both
creators and viewers.

Step4: After Creating the Report using Publish Button on the Top click on that then it
publishes in power BI Service as a Dashboard.

57
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

58
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

WEEK 9: -
AIM: Power BI file types, publishing to Power BI Online, sharing your
visualizations, printing, and Exporting.
DESCRIPTION:
1. POWER BI FILE TYPES:
When it comes to Power BI, dealing with different file types is an essential part of the
workflow. Here's a rundown of the most common ones you'll encounter:
1. PBIX:
The primary file format for Power BI Desktop reports. It contains all the data, visuals,
formatting, and data model information within a single compressed file. You can save, edit,
and share your reports using PBIX files.
2. PBIT:
A template file format for Power BI Desktop. It includes the report layout, formatting, and
connections to data sources but no actual data. You can use PBIT to create standardized report
templates for others to use and populate with their specific data.
3. PBIDS:
An XML file format that stores the data model structure within a Power BI Desktop report. It's
primarily used for advanced tasks like scripting data model changes or deploying reports to
Power BI Service.
4. CSV and XLSX:
Commonly used file formats for importing data into Power BI. You can directly import data
from comma-separated values (CSV) and Excel spreadsheet (XLSX) files into your reports.
5. PBIX Preview:
A temporary file created by Power BI Desktop when previewing a report. It doesn't contain the
fullreport data but allows you to quickly view and interact with your visuals before saving the
final PBIX file.
6. PBIX (Embedded):
A special version of the PBIX file format used for embedding reports in web pages or portals.
It enables interactive data visualization within various applications.
7. Themes (JSON):
JSON files that define the visual theme of your Power BI reports. You can customize the
colors, fonts, and other design elements using these theme files.
8. Data Packages (.bimt):
Files used for packaging and deploying data models created in Power BI Desktop. They're
primarily used for enterprise deployments and advanced data management scenarios.

59
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

PROCEDURE STEPS:
Step1: In Power BI Desktop, choose File > save as >or save>Give Name of report.
Save as your report in desktop or else save it already existed (.PBIX)

PUBLISHING TO POWER BI ONLINE

Publishing your Power BI reports to Power BI Online opens up a world of possibilities for
sharing your data insights with colleagues, stakeholders, and even the public. Here's a guided
walk-throughof the process:
1. Choose your destination:
My workspace: This is the default option and gives you full control over who can access your
report. Share reports and dashboards within your workspace by granting permissions to
individualsor groups.
App workspace: Group related reports and dashboards into an app for a more organized
and focused presentation. Ideal for sharing content with specific departments or roles.
Public workspace (Pro or Premium license required): Share your report publicly within
your Power BI workspace. Anyone with a free Power BI account can access it once you make
it public.

60
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

2. Publish your report:

In Power BI Desktop, click File > Publish > Publish to Power BI.
Sign in to Power BI Online if you haven't already.
Select the destination workspace you chose in step 1.
Click Publish.
3. Sharing and access control:
Once published, you can share your report by email, link, or embedding it in other platforms
like Microsoft Teams or SharePoint. Manage access permissions for individual users or groups
within your workspace.
4. Additional considerations:
Data refresh: Decide how often you want your report data to refresh in Power BI Online. You
can set up scheduled refreshes or manual updates.
Licensing: Free Power BI accounts have limitations on storage and sharing features. Pro or
Premium licenses are needed for advanced functionalities like public workspaces and larger
data volumes.
Optimization: Ensure your report layout and visuals are optimized for different screen sizes
and devices for optimal viewing experiences.
Step2: In Power BI Desktop, choose File > Publish > Publish to Power BI or select Publish
on the Home ribbon.

Step3: Sign in to Power BI if you aren't already signed in.

Step4: Select the destination. You can search your list of available workspaces to find the
workspaceinto which you want to publish. The search box lets you filter your workspaces.
Select the workspace, and then click the Select button to publish.

61
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

When publishing is complete, you receive a link to your report. Select the link to open the report in
your Power BI site.

3. SHARING YOUR VISUALIZATIONS:

Sharing Options within Power BI Service:
Direct Sharing:
Share individual dashboards and reports with specific users or groups within your organization.
Granular control over who can view and interact with the content.
App Workspaces:
Package related dashboards and reports into an app for a more organized and focused
sharing experience. Ideal for targeting specific departments, teams, or projects.
Embedding in Teams or SharePoint:
Integrate your visualizations seamlessly into collaboration platforms for easy access within
dailyworkflows. Foster data-driven discussions and decision-making within workspaces.
Sharing Publicly:
Public Workspaces (Pro or Premium Licenses):
Make your visualizations accessible to anyone with a free Power BI account, even outside
your organization. Ideal for sharing non-sensitive insights with a wider audience.
App Source:
Publish your app to the Microsoft App Source marketplace for global discoverability. Share
your expertise and reach a broader community of Power BI users.

62
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Embedding in Public Websites:

Integrate your visualizations into external websites or portals using generated code.
Extend the reach of your insights beyond the Power BI platform.
Key Considerations:
Security and Permissions:
Carefully manage access levels to protect sensitive data.
Grant permissions based on roles and data sensitivity.
Audience and Platform:
Choose the sharing method that best aligns with your target audience's needs and technical
capabilities.
Optimization:
Ensure visualizations display optimally on various devices and screen sizes for a seamless
user experience.
Context and Documentation:
Provide clear titles, descriptions, and annotations to guide users through the data story.
Tracking and Monitoring:
Utilize Power BI Service analytics to track usage, engagement, and identify areas for improvement.

63
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

4. PRINTING, AND EXPORTING:

Printing and exporting are crucial functionalities in Power BI, allowing you to share your
data insights in different formats and contexts. Here's a breakdown of your options:
Printing:
Direct Printing:
Available from both Power BI Desktop and Service. Offers basic layout adjustments and
print quality options. Best suited for simple dashboards or specific visuals.
Export to PDF:
Preferred method for high-quality printing with greater control over layout and content.
Choose between current or default values for dynamic elements like filters. Can also be used
for offline sharing and archiving.
Exporting:
Image Formats (PNG, JPG):
Ideal for static visualization sharing in presentations or documents. Offers different resolutions
and quality settings.
Excel:
Export underlying data tables for further analysis or manipulation. Choose between tables,
charts,or both.
CSV:
Text-based export for data portability and integration with other tools. Suitable for data
analysis in external platforms.
PowerPoint:
Create slide decks from your reports for dynamic presentations. Requires careful layout
adjustment for optimal viewing.
Paginated Reports (Power BI Report Builder):
Advanced option for pixel-perfect formatting and layout control. Suitable for formal reports
requiring specific page breaks and formatting.
Considerations:
Data Sensitivity:
Ensure exported files don't contain confidential or sensitive information.
Audience and Needs:
Choose the format that best suits your target audience's capabilities and work flow.
Visual Complexity:
Complex dashboards might not translate well to certain formats like printed outputs.
Interactivity:
Exported files won't preserve interactive elements like drill-downs or filters.

64
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

65
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

WEEK -10:

AIM: Creating custom charts, cyclical data and circular area charts, Dual Axis
charts.
DESCRIPTION:

1. Determine the Need for a Custom Visual:

Assess whether the existing built-in visuals or those available in AppSource can adequately meet
your visualization requirements.
Consider creating a custom visual only when those options fall short.
2. Choose a Development Approach:
Power BI Visuals SDK:
Flexible and powerful option for developers with JavaScript, TypeScript, [Link], and [Link].
Offers granular control over visualization creation.
Charticulator:
No-code tool for visual designers and business analysts.
Provides a visual interface to define chart elements and interactions.
3. Set Up Development Environment:
[Link] BI Visuals SDK:
Install [Link], Visual Studio Code (recommended), and the Power BI Visuals CLI.
Charticulator:
Access it directly within Power BI Desktop.
[Link] the Visual Structure:
Define the visual's layout, elements, and interactions using either code (SDK) or the Charticulator
interface.
Consider using [Link] for complex visualizations within the SDK.
[Link] Data Binding:
Write code to receive and process data from Power BI.
Map data fields to visual elements effectively.
[Link] Interactive Features:
Enable filtering, highlighting, tooltips, and other interactions to enhance user exploration.
8. Test and Debug:
Thoroughly test the visual with various datasets and scenarios.
Utilize debugging tools to identify and fix issues.
9. Package the Visual (SDK only):
Create a. pbiviz file for distribution and use in Power BI reports.
[Link] and Use the Visual:
Import the. pbiviz file into Power BI Desktop.
Add the custom visual to reports and configure it like any built-in visual.
[Link] the Visual (Optional):
Share within your organization or publish to AppSource for wider use.
[Link] Data and Circular Area Charts:
Approaches:
Custom Visuals: Search for suitable visuals in AppSource, such as "Circular Area Chart" or
"Cyclical Data Chart."

66
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

Creative Combinations:
Use a pie chart or donut chart to represent cyclical data.
Combine a bar chart with a line chart to visualize cyclical trends and patterns.
Employ a tree map to display hierarchical cyclical data.
Dual Axis Charts:
Steps:
Create a standard chart (e.g., column chart or line chart).In the "Visualizations" pane, find the
"Fields" section.
Drag a field to the "Values" section of the second axis.
Customize the visual as needed (colors, labels, axes, etc.).
OUTPUTS: [Link]

We can only upload CSV files

67
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

68
DEPARTMENT OF CSE Power BI LAB

69