Factorisation

>
Grouping
-

tur
splitting splitting
# middle >
-

middle term -

gen towm : aut-but a S

Y
3
am
variable
x variable
any
=

highest
a b, c number
any
=

degree is 2
,

↓
a, b = absent in Equ
consider it 1 degree is

in descending
In +
29 : 3x + 2
order .
a = 1 ,
b = 3 c = -
2
,

Working => in + a x+c = + C

Trinomial
(three terms
ii) find a nos

product of Add/sub
2 nos znos
of same
.

=
+ ac -
= b

=
=

↑ x + 3x + 2 + 1X + 2

2 = + 2
> x + 2x + 1x + 2
-

x(x + 2) 1(x 2)
&
- + + X

+ 2 + 1
>
-

(n + 2)(x + 1) .

+ 3
 E
:
zy"-5y -

24 + 1x -
24

y2 24
=
-

24
by 3y
-
+ -

b) 8)
y(y
+
3(y
-
- Y S

-
8 + 3

(y -

8)(y + 3)
-
5

122 + 24 + 1x + 24
Eg
: 102 +

=> 22 + 62 + 42 + 24
= + 24

=> 2(2 + 6) + 4(z + 6) 1 S

=> (2 + 6)(z + 4) .
+ 6 + 4 =
+ 10

+ 10
2
=
+ 12 -

3x2 + 8 + 3x 8
eq
+
: 14x +

-
+ 24
=> 3x2 + 12n + 2x + 8

=> 3x(x + 4) + 2(x + 4) + 12 + 2 = + 14

=> (n + 4)(3x + 2) .

6u2 + 11x 10 6x 10 60
Eri
+ - -
- =

6n
2
+ 15x -

4x -
10
/
X &

268
+ 15 4
3x(2x 5) 2(2x + 5)
-

+ -

2 38

3 15 (2x + 5) (gx -

2) .

55

12x2
E : x 35 -12 X 35
-
-
-

2428
1242 201 35
= -
420
2/n
=>
-
+ -

3210
270
=> 3x(4x -

7) + 5(4x -

7)
-
21 + 20
535 =>
(4x -
7)/3x + 5)
7 7
& 2x3x2x5x7
 : U-bey
-

4oy2 >
Both variable -

b
order
is in descending
=> x2 -

-xy
+
5xy
-

4042 + 1x -
40

of their
degree -

-
=
40
=> x(x -

zy) +
5y(x
-

zy) x + x + x- 0

a
&

by)(n + 5y)
+ 5
(n y
-

=> y + 0
-

b yx

>
-

E : 10pq2-21pq + 9
p =
p +
p
- 0

9 =
q2 +
q
- 0

lop2q2-15pq-6pq 9
+ 10X +
=> + 9

=> +
90
=>
5pq(2pq - 3) -

3(2pq -

3) S

15 6

(2pg-3) (5pq-3)
-
-

=>

x(12x 7) 10
:
+
-

=> 1242 + 72-10 - 12 X-10

-
= 120
=>
1242 + 152 -

8x -
10

0
5) 5) + 15 -

=> 3u(4x +
-

2(44 +

=> (4x + 5) (zx 2) -

.
 6u2-12ux-4842
:
6(u2-cux- by2)
~
=> HX -
z

= -
8

=> o u2-4nx + zux-zy2] /-

-
4 + 2

=> s (n(n -

4x) + 2x(u -

by)]

6
=> ((n -
4x)(n +
2x)]

4m2
Eq
:

Say 12y2
-

=> 4(22 +
2xy
-

3y2
= 4 [x2 +
3xy
-

1xy
-

3y2]

4(x(x 1y(x 3y)]

=
+
3y) =
+

=>
4 ((x + 3y)(x ly)] -

En2-xy-soy
22 -

say
+ 5xy-soy

x(x -

by) +
5y(x -

by)

( -

sy)(n + 5y)
 Formula :

2
O (a + b) => (a + b) (a + b)
=> ala + b) + b(a + b)
a+ ab b2
=
ab + +

2
(a + b) = at+ 2ab + b2

②
2
(a -

b) = a + b2-2ab

③ (a + b) (a -

b) = a(a -
b) + b(a -
b)
=
a -ab ab + - b2

at b2
(a b)(a b)
=
tams
-

+ -

>
-
2

Jake common
①42-49
>
-

29 :

↓ >
-
Both tur will

()2 (7)2 be
a = x
perfect squar
-

b = 7 & It in bet
=
(x + +)(x -

7)
terms
.

two

② cat-128

=> <(a -
S4)
a
-a =

=> a [(al2-(812] b =

at - b2 =
(a +
b)(a -
b)

=
a((a +
0)(a -

0)]
# n2 -
4

=> n(n -

4) #S
Suzy"-25
#

-
13xyF -

1512
# n2 - 1

(3xy 5)(3xy 5)
= + -

=> (M)2-1112

=> (n + 11 (n -
11
# 2012 -

4542

# 6m2 + Grn
5 (442 -

gy2)

Sm(m +
=>
n) => 5 [(2m)2 -

(34 >]
=> 5
[(2n + 3y) (2x -

3y)]
# 3a2 -
7542

cut-in
#
(a2 -25v2)
3

3[(a)2 (5432] =>

14472
(e)
=
- -

3 ((a + 5y)]
(4x +2)(4x it)
=
5y)(a -
= + -

# n2 + 2522
2xy #
=> u(u + cy)
(ab)2
(3)2
=> -

4gy2
( 5ab)( = 5ab)
#
n2 - => + -

=> M)2 Gys2 -

=>
(n + =y)(x 7y) -
# (2a + 3 b)" -

1622
↓

=> (2a + 3 b)2 -

(4c)2

=>
((aa + 3 b) + 4c][(2a + 3b) -

4c]
=>
(2a + 3 b+ 4c)(2a + 3b -

41) .

# 1 -
(b - c)2
=> 1112 (b -
c) 2
=
[() + (b -

c)][(k) -
(b -

c)]
= (1 + b -

c)(1 -
b + 1) .

# x3 -

25x

x(x 25)
2
= -

x[(a) (512]
=
=> -

= u((n + 5)(u 5)] -

#
63p2q2 -
7

=> 7/gp-g2- 17

=>
= ((pq)2 -

(112]
= 7
[(3pq 1)(3pq 1)] + -
Eq 625 -

p4
>
-
2 - b2
2
=>
(2572 -

(p2)
~ ~

= (25 +
p2)(25 -

p2)
=> (25 +
p2)[(512 -

(P32]

= (25 + p2)[(5 + p)(5 -

p)]

(25 + p2(5 + p)/5 p)

-

=> .

29
!
5y5 -

405y
"
=
5y [y -

31]
=

by ((y42 (9)2] -

=
5y[(y2 + 9)(y2 -

g)]

=>

by (y2+ 9) ((y)= (32]

-

=
5y(y2 + g)(y + 3)(y -

3) .

(2m (2 (3m 2n)

E:
+ 3 - +

= az -yet
=>
((2m + 3n) + (3m + 2n)][(2m + 3n) -

(3m + 2n)]

=> (2m + 3n + 3m + 2n)(2m + 3n -

3m -
2n)
=> (5m + 5n)(n -

m)
d
=> 5(m + n)(n -
m)
Eg : g( + y1 -
42
to

(312(x + y) -
x2

(3(x y)]" +
-
(n)2

(3x + 3y)2 -
(x)2

= (3x + 3y + x)(bx + 3y -
x)

=> (4x + 3y)(2x + 3y)

25(a + b) 2 - 16(a b) 2
Eq : -

(514a + b) -
(412(a b) 2
-

=
(5(a b))2 +
-

(4(a b))2 -

= (5a + 5b12 - (4a-4b)2

=>
[/5a + 5b) + (4a -

4b)][(5a + 5b) -
(4a -

4b)]

= (5a + 5b + 4a -
4b)(5a + 5b -
4a + 4b)

= (ga + b)(a + gb)

2
12
Eq : g(zn + 2) -
4(2x -

( (3x + 2))2 -

(2(2x -

1732

(9u + 6) 2 - (4x -
2)2

2)] [(gu + 6) (4x 2)]

[(qn
=
b) (4x
- -

+ + -

=> (13x + 4)(5x + 2)

E
:

an + 29n-42 2
+ 6X 42
252
-

2126 - ~ 252

6n2 + 36n -
7n -

42 9 66

7 F L
&

36 7
6n(n + 6) -

7(n + 6) I

(6n - =)(n + 6) -
2x2x3x3X7

36 7

6y2
Eg
+ 194 + 8 - 6X + 8

S
:

+ 48
=> 6x2 + 164 + 34 + 2
=>
↳
2 &

8)
2
=> an (3u + 0( + 1(3r + + 16 + 3

= (3x + f)(2x + 1)

100m2-354 fens
Eq
Two

Common
>
-

=>
(10m22 (6n12 -

=>
Com + 6n) (10m -
Gn) ~
4/25m2 gnz -

=> 2 (5m + 3n) -

2(5m -
3n) = 4 [Cims (43] -

=>
4 (5m + 3) (5m- 3n) . >
-

4 ((5m + 3n)(5m- >n)]

# Two tams1-1 . Common

2- a
2
- 12
① 74325
74325 42xzy3
g
: +
= 7 xxxxxxx

2x2X2XZXZ
>
-

zaz(z" +
sys) @ 42xzy3
>
=

7x2x3xxxzxyxyxy
-50a2b2c4-15 ab
:
*
=> -

5ab2(10ac + 3)

Three terms : 1 :
Common

middle term
(Gen-form: artibata).
.
2
Splitting
-

or
making perfect square

Grouping
Four terms : in

taking
common
from 1st
group
b
that bracket tem
making
sure

next
is repeated for the
group
.

Eg :

50x -
50 -

40y
-

5x2y4 .

y4)
=

=> 5(-10x -

10 -

by - n

= -
5 (10n + 10 +
by + n
y4) .
 24x-42y z2-36y *
" *

Eq :
by + 24 yta2

by tz
?
zyz 4)
*
=> /2 x - -
Sx +

*
Eg :
Doy 2 +
14y2 + 8y32-10y

ay2 (102 +
7 4yz 5yx3)
=
+ -

#
Perfect square
:-
making the
equation in the
form
-12-
2
(a
of (a + b) or -

at + b2 + Gab-
2

= (a + b) =

>
-
(a -
b) " = a + b2- Gab-

89 :
n -
12x + 36 => x2 + 36 - 12x

↳
x/b
Y
6
V

(2
a = =

lap (a) + (b)2 -2xaxb =

(a -
b)
2ab = 214x6
b b
12x
(n 6)2
=

(12 (6) 2
=>
2xux6
-

+ -

=
(x -
6)
?

E gn2
Stay 121y
:
+ +

qn2 12142 Goxy

= + +

a 3x
↓
=

b
b Bush (11y12 (3x + 11y)
ly
2x3uxly
+
=
=
+

b t
at + (b12 + zab = (a + b) 2
 42 +
2 :
x + +
↑

n x

!
= + +

a = R I
m 2

1 (f) (x 1)2
b
2xxxy
= + + = +

cab =

xxuxl
=>

g
:
35p2-s0pq 2592 +

2
=>
Lsps2 + 159) -

2xsp
+
59

=>
(Sp -

59)2

at Gazb2 gb4
gi
+ +

2
=
(a2 (352
2
+ + 2xa2x362

=>
(a 2
+
362/2

g n
+
:
2
+

Mj2 +
(12
=> +
2xxx

(x +
2
=>
 16at
Eq 1

o
-

14942
(g2
= -

·
(nat q)(4a2 + -

5)
=
(4an +

])((2a) (5)7 -

(4a +)(2a
+
5)(2a 5)
-

>
-
+

7/3u 44)2 28 (2x y)2

19
- -

: -

=> =
[13x 4y12 - -

4(2x -

y3]
-
[(3x 4y)2 (212(2x y)2)
=
- -
-

=>
= [(3x -

4y)2 -

(2(2x y))] -

=> = [(3x 4y12 -

-
(4x 2y)2]
-

=> = [(x =
4 y) + (4x 2y)][(3x 44)
- - -
(4a -

2y)]

= 7 [(n -

by)( =
x -

2y)]

: 1 -
25(2x -

3y)2
=
- -
1512(2x 3y)2 -

= 1 -

(5(2x -

3y))2
Clox -15y)2
2
7 (a) -

=
4 + (10x -

15 y)] [1-40n 15y)] -

(z (1-10x
=> + 10x
15y) +
15y)
-

.
 Sin 1)
Eg : + 2 sinc 3 ↑ Sinc X-3
-

=> 3 Sinc
Sin
-

=> + 3 Since -
1 Sinn-3

L
=> Since /Since + 3) -

1 (Sinn + 3)
I

+ 3 Since .
-
1

=>
(Sinc + 3) /Sinn-17

32
: + 5(34) + 6

2
=>

(34) + 5(34) + 6

het z4 =
m

=
- 1x + 6
+ 5 m + s

=
+ 6

= Im2 + 2m 3 m + 6
-
+

m(m + 2) 3(m 2) x + 6 1
-

=> + +

=> ((m + 3)(m + 2) v+ 2 + 3

1
Resubs .
- (34+ 3)(3" + 2)

(2x 5) 2 g(2x 5) + 18
29
:
-
+ -

= Let ,
Gx -
5 = m -

1 m + Sm + 18 + 1X + 18

=
+ 18

m2 + Sm + 3m + 18
S

3 3
3(m + 6)
+ +
m(m + 6) +

(m + G)(m + 3)

Resubsting m 2x-5
=

-
[(2x -
5) + 6] [(x -
5) +
3]
-
(2n + 1) (2x -

2) .
Eq
:
144(3x + 516
g(zy 871
-
-

=>
(1222(3x 513]2 +
-

112/2y 23572 -

[12(3x 51372 2)592

-/(2y
= + -

=
de - b2 (a b)((a b) = +
-

[12(3n 513 25] [12(34 5)3 3(2y 83]

3(2y
+ -

+
-

+ -

E :
n4 + 1642 + 60

b b b

(x22 + 1642 + 60

=> (x2) + 16(x2) + 60

Let u2 =
m

[m2 + 16m + 60 + 1X + 60

-
=
60
m2 + 10 m + 6 m + 60

-
m (m + 10) + 6 (m + 10) + 10 + 6

(m + 10) (m + 6)

Resubs -
m = a

2
~
(n2 + 10) (n + 6) .
 (x2 + 2x)2 11(4
=

Eg ! -
+ 2x) + 24 .

Let
,
n2 + 2x = m

: -

1m2 -

11m + 24
+ 1x + 24

-
=
24
mo Sm -3m + 24
-
-

m(m -

8) -
3(m -

b) - 8 -
3

(m -
b) (m -
3)

Results .

b)(x
+
-
(x2 + 2x
-
+ 2x -

3)
↓

[x2 0](x 3]
=

+ 4x -
2x -
+ 3x -
1x -

[x(x + 4) -
2(x + 4)][x(x + 3)
-
1(x +
3)]

(x + 4)(n -

2)(a + 3)(x -

1)
 :guBy,
29

1922
↓
[(3x3 y2)(3x3 y2)]
-

q: 16 x -1

(8-112
=>
(4e8 +
1) (4x8 -
1) .

1192]
=

=>
(448 +
1) [(2n4] -

1)(2m4
=> (3x8 + 1)(2x4 + -
1

*& G242]2-192
(Ver + 1) (Ven-11

E 36y2
2
Sin (n)
(Sinass Since
-

a
(sinces- Lys
2

=> Both are

same
=>
(Since Gy) (Sinn-Gy)
+
 3rd
Eq
: -
-v + 10

S
-> 3X -
18

=>
-
(3r2 + r -
10)
-
=
38
- 3x4
=> -

[3r2 + Gr - 5r -

10] -
302 -
Gr + 5r + 18

= -

(3r(re2) -
5 (r + 2)] -
3r(V + 2) + 5(r + 2)

=>
-

(rees (3x -

5) .

(r + 2)(- 3r + 5)

"
Eq :
Fu -252x2

=
=> Fn2(x -
36)

=> In2 [n2-()2]

(x2(n + G)(x 6)
=> -
.

E : 363 + 12b2 -156

=> 3b (b2 + 4b -
5)

=> 3b(b2 + 56
-
16 -

5]

=> 3b(b(b + 5) -
1(b + 5)]

= 3b (b + 5) (b -

1) .
#
3(x -
y)2 - 4x +
4y -
4

3 (x y)
- -
4(x -
y) -
4

Let m
n y
- =

+ 3x - 4

: 3m2 - 4m -

4
= -
12 -

3m2-6m + 2 m -
4
/
+ 2
- 6

3 m (m -
2) + 2(m -
2)

Aus ! (m -

2) (3m + 2)
Resubstitute
y
=

-Y
2] (3(x y) + 2]
m x

[u
=
, -
-
-

Eq
: (2n -y12 -
14x +
7y
- 18 [ary 2] [3x 3y 2]
-
-
+

=> (2n -
y) -

=(2x -
y) -
18

Let m
2n
y
- =

S
+ 1x 18
I'm2-7m-10
-

-
-- 18

-
- m2-gm + 2 m -18 -
9 +2

m(m -
S) + 2(m -
S)

(m- g) (m + 2)

Resubstituting
2x-y
m
.
=

((2n -
y) -

9]((2x -

y) + 2]

(2n -

y
-

g)(2x -

y +
2)
 middle tem o
If
not splitting
# #
x4
2
+ Gu + 25

>
1042
=> ut + 25 + 6x2 search for a terms
2
>
4x
which
perfect
=

is
=>
(x 22 + 1515 1042 492
square
+ -

a
to b
2 2
zab
remaining
a = x b + tem

b
↓
5
into
parts
=
a

: Gab = 2 . 225
=
(x2+ 522-4x2 (alb)2
uplit

= los2 = a + b 2 = zab Y

(perfect sq)
Y

(v2+ 52 (ax)2 zab -

= -

=
(n2 + 5 + 2x7(22 + 5 -
2x)

=> (x2 + 2x + 5)(x2 - 2x + 5)

ANS
I
 E : ut-equ2 + 100

b I
6
+ &x + 100
& (x22 -

2922 + 100

+ 100
b
=

X
Let u2 = m
-

25 -

4 .

m2-29m + 100

m2- 25m-4m + 100

m(m -
25)04(m - 25)

(m -

25) (m -

4)
x
Resubstituting
m
·
.
= .

~
(n2-25) (n2 - 4)
↓ ↓

(x2 -
52) (22 -
27

An (x + 5) (x 5)(x + 2)(x 2)
-
-

7
=

E :

+ > -
16

2
(x)
(+ 22
=> + -
a - 16

a N
=

fu 1)
b=
t =
=
-
1

cab axh
y
= x

(x - )2
=
-
(2
= 2 .

[( 2) +]((4 2 +)]
= -
+ -
-

(a k 4)(u m
4)
-

+
-
-
=
 -
25
sat E
: +- + 2

I
↓

(3432
(+
+ + 2 -
25
a =
3x

b
=x
-
(u +
:

cab-axsya
(3x 3)
= 2
= 2 + - 1512

(u ++ 5)(su + -
=
x4 5x2
Ei + 4
-

=>
(2s2 -

5(22) + 4

Let u2
#
= m

2
- - m - 5m + 4
-

4
-

=> m2 - 4m-1m + 4

= m(m -
4) - 1(m - 4)

=> (m -
4) (m -1)

Resubs -
u = m

~
(n2 -
4) (n2-17

(n2 -

22)(x2 12) -

(x + 2)(x 2)(x + 1)(x -

-
1)
Eqi 344 -
192

3 (n4 -
64)

=
3(G2)2 (2) -

3[(x2 23)
-
= + 8) (n -

n
29 : +
(up
12 + 1
=> + 2 -

( 192
42
= + -

(u 1 1)(u + )
= + + -

E ut 3
: 2
+ +

+ ex
b

(x
2

+ 3(4 + )
+
+

(x 2)(( (2) 3)
=> +
+ +

(n 1)(u 1 3)
=> + + +
 922
Eq :

+-2
+ 15x -

3
5

(3up +
12 axsuat 5(3-
=> +
-

(x-2 (3 -e)
=>
- 5

(3x 5u)[(34 5) 5]
= -
-

(3x - 5 ) (ox- Sta 5)

=> -

(a + b) 3ab2b3
2

(a = b) =
112ab + 1b2 = a + 392b +

(a3 b3) b)(a2 + ab + b2)

& 2 &
(a
I

- = -

(a = b)3 => 1a sab zabab3

(a3 + b) = (a +b)(at -
ab + 62)

23 2u2 -16x
:
-

+ 32

In 1)-

(n 4) (2x 171447 + 2n + 1)
-
-

x2(x -

2) -

16 (n a) -

-
(n -

2) (u -

16)
3
=>
Gu5 4014 -

+ 3243 - x2+ 54 4 -

42)
2
=> (x -

2)(2 -

=>
Gn* (n
=
-
5x + 4) -
1(42 -

54+ 4)

=>
(n 2)(n + 4)(x 4)
- -

+ (8x3 1)(2 52 + 4)
As
- -

((2xB-PP] (n2 ux (n + 4)
b3
-
-

3
a
-
,
n(x 4)
-
-
1(n -

4)
=
((2x -

1) (Cup + 2xx1 +
(2)(x -
4)(x -
1)

=> 124-11(442 + 2x + 1) (x 4)(n 11-

-

=> (x -
1) (n -
4) (2x -
11(4x2 + 2x + 1)