CLASS 12 PHYSICS
LAST 10 YEARS PYQ EXPERT ANALYSIS (CHAPTER-WISE)
CHAPTER 1: Electric Charges & Fields
Weightage trend: 3–4 marks almost every year
MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS
Topic Frequency
Gauss Law applications (sphere, cylinder, sheet) 9/10 years
Electric field due to point charge/dipole 7/10
Electric flux 6/10
Dipole in uniform E-field (torque) 5/10
QUESTION PATTERNS
Derive E due to infinite plane sheet (3M)
Numericals using Gauss Law symmetry
Conceptual: Why flux through closed surface is zero?
LOW RETURN
Detailed proof of Coulomb’s law
Complex vector derivations
CHAPTER 2: Electrostatic Potential & Capacitance
Weightage: 4–6 marks (VERY IMPORTANT)
MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS
Topic Frequency
Capacitors in series & parallel 10/10
Energy stored in capacitor 8/10
Potential due to point charge/dipole 7/10
Dielectric slab questions 6/10
QUESTION PATTERNS
Numerical on equivalent capacitance
Derivation: Relation between E and V
Dielectric insertion (with/without battery)
BOARD TIP
Always write formula first substitution unit
CHAPTER 3: Current Electricity
Weightage: 5–7 marks (SCORING)
MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS
Topic Frequency
Kirchhoff’s laws (numericals) 10/10
Wheatstone bridge / Metre bridge 8/10
Drift velocity 6/10
Temperature dependence of resistance 6/10
QUESTION PATTERNS
Circuit diagram + equations (3–5M)
Reasoning: Why V-I graph is linear?
LOW RETURN
Microscopic derivations (too lengthy)
CHAPTER 4: Moving Charges & Magnetism
Weightage: 4–5 marks
MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS
Topic Frequency
Magnetic force on moving charge 9/10
Cyclotron 7/10
Force on current-carrying conductor 6/10
Velocity selector 5/10
QUESTION PATTERNS
Numerical: qvB, BIL
Cyclotron principle + limitation
CHAPTER 5: Magnetism & Matter
Weightage: 3–4 marks
MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS
Topic Frequency
Bar magnet as solenoid 8/10
Earth’s magnetism (H, V components) 7/10
Magnetic susceptibility 6/10
QUESTION PATTERNS
Short derivation
Reason-based theory
CHAPTER 6: Electromagnetic Induction
Weightage: 4–5 marks
MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS
Topic Frequency
Faraday & Lenz Law 10/10
Induced emf numericals 8/10
Eddy currents 6/10
QUESTION PATTERNS
Direction of induced current
Numerical using ε = −dΦ/dt
CHAPTER 7: Alternating Current
Weightage: 4 marks (FIXED)
MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS
Topic Frequency
LCR circuit (impedance) 10/10
Power factor 8/10
Resonance 7/10
QUESTION PATTERNS
Numerical + phasor logic
Why current is max at resonance
CHAPTER 8: EM Waves
Weightage: 1–2 marks (EASY)
MOST IMPORTANT
Topic Frequency
EM spectrum uses 10/10
Nature of EM waves 7/10
Don’t skip. Free marks.
CHAPTER 9: Ray Optics
Weightage: 6–8 marks (VERY HIGH)
MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS
Topic Frequency
Ray diagrams (mirror/lens) 10/10
Lens maker’s formula 8/10
Total internal reflection 7/10
QUESTION PATTERNS
Diagram + formula based numericals
Critical angle reasoning
CHAPTER 10: Wave Optics
Weightage: 4–5 marks
MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS
Topic Frequency
YDSE 10/10
Diffraction (single slit) 7/10
Polarisation 6/10
CHAPTER 11: Dual Nature of Radiation & Matter
Weightage: 3–4 marks
MOST IMPORTANT
Topic Frequency
Photoelectric effect graph 10/10
de Broglie wavelength 8/10
CHAPTER 12: Atoms
Weightage: 2–3 marks
MOST IMPORTANT
Topic Frequency
Bohr model derivation 9/10
Energy levels numericals 6/10
CHAPTER 13: Nuclei
Weightage: 3 marks
MOST IMPORTANT
Topic Frequency
Binding energy curve 8/10
Radioactive decay law 7/10
CHAPTER 14: Semiconductor Electronics
Weightage: 5 marks (EASY + FIXED)
MOST IMPORTANT
Topic Frequency
Diode characteristics 10/10
Logic gates 9/10
Rectifier 7/10
FINAL BOARD STRATEGY (EXPERT)
MUST-DO CHAPTERS (90% paper)
Current Electricity
Ray Optics
Electrostatics (1 & 2)
AC
Semiconductor
EMI
SAFE TO KEEP SHORT
EM Waves
Atoms
Magnetism theory portions