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INSTRUCTION MANUAL
FOR
FLOW OVER NOTCH APPARATUS
(TRIANGULAR AND RECTANGULAR NOTCH)
Manufactured by :
ROORKEE EQUIPMENT & MODELS PVT LTD
Office : 497, AVAS VIKAS, ROORKEE-247 667
Factory : Behind Industrial Estate,
Near Radhaswamy Satsang Bhawan,
ROORKEE-247 667.
Tel : (1332) 264344,264341, Mobile : 9997200000
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FLOW OVER NOTCH APPARATUS
(TRIANGULAR AND RECTANGULAR NOTCH)
AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT
To study the flow over a notch & Rectangular to find the coefficient of discharge for it along with
to calibrate it for discharge measurement in a free surface flow.
THEORY
A weir is an obstruction placed across a free-surface flow such that the flow takes place over it.
Notches are openings cut in metallic plates and installed in flumes or small channels. Installation
of a notch is exclusively for the purpose of measuring the discharge in the steam.
A sharp crested weir or notch for the measurement of discharge generally have a regular
geometrical shape like triangular. The free surface flow taking place over it acquires steady state
conditions such that the discharge is uniquely related to the head H over the crest of the notch-
measured at a distance about 3 to 4 times H from the crest towards upstream
The discharge over a triangular or V-Notch is given by the formula
Where is the angle of triangular notch.
The value of Cd is given by the ratio of Qactual / QItheoretical
In actual practice, the discharge over a notch is considerably less than indicated by the above
formula without considering Cd i.e., the formula is derived on the basis of frictionless one
dimensional flow. The discrepancy arises due to real flow effects like viscosity, end contractions,
nappe suppression, ventilation of weirs etc. So the actual discharge is obtained by multiplying the
theoretical discharge by Cd, as given in the above formula.
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
Refer figure. The set up consists of :
1. A tank on the raised platform.
2. A water inlet pipe with a regulating valve.
3. Vertical perforated plates (Baffle plates) are fitted in the tank having the notch to
decrease the tubulence and thereby velocity of approach.
4. A hook gauge with a vernier scale.
5. A discharge measuring tank fitted with a piezometer tube and a graduated scale to
measure the flow through/over the notch.
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PROCEDURE
1. Record the geometrical features of the notch.
2. Allow the water into the tank till it just starts passing over the notch.
3. Stop the supply of water and record the level of water by hook gauge when no water
passes over the notch. This gives level of still of the crest (h1).
4. Increase the supply of water till the head over the still of the notch becomes constant.
Record the level (H2) of free liquid surface. Difference of the two readings (H 2-H1) gives
the head over the still causing flow.
5. Measure the flow rate (Q) with the help of discharge measuring tank and stop watch.
6. Vary the flow rate through the system with a regulating valve and take eight different
readings.
7. Repeat the experiment for different type of Notches.
CLOSING PROCEDURE:
1. When experiment is over, switch OFF pump first.
2. Switch OFF power supply to panel.
PRECAUTIONS & MAINTTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS
1. Do not run the pump at low voltage i.e. less than 180 volts.
2. Never fully close the delivery line and by-pass line valves simultaneously.
3. Always keep apparatus free from dust
4. To prevent clogging of moving part, run pump at least once in a fortnight.
5. Frequently grease/oil the rotating parts, once in three months
6. Always use clean water
7. If apparatus will not in use for more than one month, drain the apparatus
completely, and fill pump with cutting oil.
OBSERVATION
Sump Tank Capacity = 50 Liter
Area of Measuring Tank A = 30 x 25 cm = 750 cm2
Angle of V - Notch = 60o
3
2
Area of Rectangular Notch = 12 x 8 cm = 98 cm
FORMULA USED
For V - Notch
Where H = Head over the Notch
is the angle of V Notch
Let
For Rectangular Notch
Where B = Width of rectangular Notch,
H = Head over the Notch
OBSERVATION TABLE FOR V-NOTCH
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MEASUREMENT TANK READING
Discharge actual
S. NO. Initial
Final level
level Time
Cm h2 - h1
Cm t sec
h2
h1
S. NO. Pointer Gauge Reading
V-NOTCH
h1 h2 H = h2-h1
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OBSERVATION TABLE FOR RECTANGULAR-NOTCH
MEASUREMENT TANK READING
Discharge actual
Initial
S. NO. Final level
level Time
Cm h2 - h1
Cm t sec
h2
h1
S. NO.
Pointer Gauge Reading
RECTANGULAR-NOTCH
H
h1 h2
= h2-h1