Fall 2025 CEP PTDU
Complex Engineering Problem
Power Transmission, Distribution and Utilization
Course Code and Title EE-356 Power Transmission, Distribution and Utilization
Semester 5th Semester, Fall 2025
Course Instructors Dr. Farhan Mahmood
Ms. Noor Ul Ain
Total Marks 10
Submission Date December 08, 2025
1 Problem Statement
In this assignment, the students will design the electrical layout for a house that includes
fittings, fixtures, conduit layout (including cable types and sizes), switchboard and distribu-
tion board connections (including rating of protective equipment) of a residential apartment,
ensuring proper lighting, power outlets, ventilation, heating and cooling facilities and com-
munication networks giving due attention to safety and health issues. Proper justification
for selecting various equipment with due consideration of cost should be provided. While
provisions for all facilities (HVAC, washer/dryer, electric cooking, etc.) should be kept, the
total load should not exceed the connected load given by the utility. The design must satisfy
the safety and health standards set by the latest version of the Pakistan Building Code –
Energy Provisions (2011: Vol. 1, Section 7 and 8). The power factor must be maintained
above 0.85 and justified with calculations. The Bill of Quantities (BOQ) must be presented
with a proper selection of cables/wires. Moreover, students should design with consideration
for green energy (the possibility of integrating photovoltaic systems in the future if deemed
necessary.) The students are required to submit the report at the end of the semester.
1
Fall 2025 CEP PTDU
2 Deliverables
1. Load Management
a. Distribute loads efficiently
b. Consider the load diversity
c. Justify load-balancing decisions
2. Cost Considerations
a. Provide a cost analysis for equipment and materials
b. Justify selections based on functionality and cost-effectiveness
c. Prepare the BOQ for the selected house
3. Building Code Compliance
a. Verify compliance with Pakistan Building Code – Energy Provisions
b. Clearly outline adherence to code specifications
4. Fittings and Fixtures
a. Determine suitable lighting fixtures for each room
b. Choose fittings based on functionality and aesthetics
c. Specify the outlets for major appliances with higher power requirements
5. Conduit Layout and Cables
a. Plan conduit layout for power and communication
b. Select cable types and sizes based on safety and load requirements
6. Switchboard and Distribution Board
a. Design connections and specify protective equipment ratings
b. Ensure compliance with the connected load provided by the utility
7. Earthing and Bonding
2
Fall 2025 CEP PTDU
a. Ensure safety against faults by providing the earthing layout and bonding con-
nections
b. Provide details on overcurrent protection and surge protection devices (particu-
larly in the case of the integration of renewable energy)
8. Communication Networks
a. Include outlets for communication networks
b. Optimize connectivity for internet and phone lines
9. Power Factor Improvement
a. Identify the load with poor power factor
b. Suggest alternatives or methods to improve the power factor
10. Energy Efficiency and Sustainability
a. Comment on the impact of using energy-efficient fixtures, LED lighting, and smart
home systems
b. Design for the possible inclusion or integration of renewable energy (solar panels,
inverter, and battery storage)
11. Load Profile Analysis
a. Sketch the daily load profile of your selected home.
b. Assuming that there are 500,000 such houses in the community having nearly
the same load profile throughout the year and the resultant annual load duration
curve with time stamp of this community is given in the excel file CEP-2025
i. Plot a daily load curve for this scenario.
ii. Build the load duration curve.
iii. Compute average load, peak load, load factor, and capacity factor.
iv. Determine the cost of electricity per annum if electricity is it be supplied by
hydro, coal, nuclear and diesel power plants as given in Table 1
3
Fall 2025 CEP PTDU
Table 1: Plant Data
Plant Type Capital Cost Fixed O&M Variable O&M Heat Rate Fuel Cost Capacity Factor
($/kW) ($/kW-yr) ($/MWh) (kJ/kWh) ($/GJ) (Typical)
Hydro 2000 40 2 - 0 50-60%
Coal 1800 30 4 9500 2.5 80%
Nuclear 5000 100 3 10500 0.7 90%
Diesel 700 15 18 11000 10 20-30%
12. Design Report
a. Compile design decisions, calculations, and justifications
b. Include diagrams and schematics for clarity
3 Layout
Figure 1 and Figure 2 are generic drawings/layouts. Students may present the draw-
ings/layouts of their case study.
Figure 1: Ground Floor
4
Fall 2025 CEP PTDU
Figure 2: First Floor
4 CLOs and PLOs for Complex Engineering Problem
These are the CLOs from the theory/lab course which are already defined.
Domains PLOs,
CLOs Description
and Levels Levels
Use applicable standards and codes
PLO3
to develop a complete electrical wiring
(Design/Develop
CLO5 Theory layout including fittings, fixtures, Cognitive, 3
ment of Solutions)
switchboards, and a distribution board subject to
High
given specifications and constraints.
5
Fall 2025 CEP PTDU
5 Complex Engineering Problem Attributes
WP1 - Depth of Knowledge: Analysis of power
demand requires knowledge of WK3, WK8. Design
requires knowledge of WK5, WK8
WP1: Depth of knowledge
WP2 - Range of conflicting requirements: The
WP2: Range of conflicting
requirements are conflicting. All conveniences/
requirements
facilities are desired, but power consumption
WP3: Depth of analysis
should be minimized.
WP4: Familiarity of issues
WP3-Depth of analysis: There is no unique
WP5: Extent of applicable
solution. Multiple designs are possible, and analysis
codes
is needed to select the most appropriate one.
WP6: Extent of stakeholders
WP4-Familiarity of issues: Poor voltage
WP7: Interdependence
regulation and challenges in adopting green energy
are prevalent due to the current power crisis in
the country.
Rubrics
Analyzes power demand considering all requirements and constraints. WP1, WP2
Considers multiple solutions and selects the suitable one based on anal- WP1, WP3
ysis.
Develops a final design which satisfies all requirements, constraints, WP1, WP3
standards, and codes.
Suggests power factor improvement considering the power factor of ac- WP3, WP4
tual devices.
Presents some measures for energy efficiency and sustainability. WP3, WP4
6 Report Evaluation Rubrics
Unsatisfactory Satisfactory Good Comprehensive
The methodology The methodology is
The methodology
The methodology is is outlined, but very clear,
gives a clear
Methodology missing or some necessary detailed and
path and is
incomplete (0) details are gives a clear path
feasible (2)
missing (1) (3)
The results are The results are
The results lack The results are
unclear, not clear, not
Results clarity with little clear, properly
properly properly
explanation (1) explained (3)
explained (0) explained (2)
The report was The report was
The report was Conclusions
not written or well written,
Report Writing written, but were reasonably
entirely wrong, but minor
deficient (1) presented (4)
(0) deficiencies (2-3)