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Rocky Linux Administration Guide 2025

The Rocky Linux Admin Guide is a comprehensive resource for learning and administering the Rocky Linux operating system, covering topics from basic commands to advanced functionalities. It includes sections on the Linux operating system, commands for users, and advanced commands, providing a structured approach to mastering Linux. This guide is intended for users seeking to enhance their knowledge and skills in Linux administration.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
40 views3 pages

Rocky Linux Administration Guide 2025

The Rocky Linux Admin Guide is a comprehensive resource for learning and administering the Rocky Linux operating system, covering topics from basic commands to advanced functionalities. It includes sections on the Linux operating system, commands for users, and advanced commands, providing a structured approach to mastering Linux. This guide is intended for users seeking to enhance their knowledge and skills in Linux administration.
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Rocky Linux Admin Guide

(English version)
A book from the Documentation Team

Version : 2025/12/13

Rocky Documentation Team

Copyright © 2023 The Rocky Enterprise Software Foundation


Table of contents

Table of contents

1. Licence 11

2. Learning Linux with Rocky 12

3. Introduction to the Linux Operating System 14

3.1 What is an operating system? 14

3.2 Generalities UNIX - GNU/Linux 15

3.2.1 History 15

3.2.2 Market share 18

3.2.3 Architectural design 18

3.2.4 The UNIX/Linux Philosophy 20

3.3 The GNU/Linux distributions 20

3.3.1 Desktop environments 20

3.3.2 Free / Open Source 23

3.4 Areas of use 24

3.5 Shell 24

3.5.1 Generalities 24

3.5.2 Functionalities 24

3.5.3 Principle 25

3.6 Check your Knowledge 26

4. Commands for Linux Users 28

4.1 Generalities 28

4.1.1 The users 29

4.1.2 The shell 30

4.2 General commands 31

4.2.1 apropos, whatis and man commands 31

4.2.2 shutdown command 34

4.2.3 history command 34

4.2.4 Auto-complete 35

4.3 Display and Identification 35

4.3.1 clear command 35

4.3.2 echo command 36

4.3.3 date command 37

4.3.4 id, who and whoami commands 38

4.4 File Tree 39

4.4.1 pwd command 41

4.4.2 cd command 41

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Table of contents

4.4.3 ls command 42

4.4.4 mkdir command 45

4.4.5 touch command 46

4.4.6 rmdir command 46

4.4.7 rm command 47

4.4.8 mv command 48

4.4.9 cp command 49

4.5 Visualization 50

4.5.1 file command 50

4.5.2 more command 50

4.5.3 less command 51

4.5.4 cat command 51

4.5.5 tac command 52

4.5.6 head command 52

4.5.7 tail command 53

4.5.8 sort command 53

4.5.9 wc command 56

4.6 Search 57

4.6.1 find command 57

4.6.2 -exec option of the find command 57

4.6.3 whereis command 58

4.6.4 grep command 58

4.6.5 Meta-characters (wildcards) 59

4.7 Redirects and pipes 60

4.7.1 Standard input and output 60

4.7.2 Input redirection 61

4.7.3 Output redirection 62

4.7.4 Examples of redirection 63

4.7.5 Pipes 63

4.8 Special Points 64

4.8.1 tee command 64

4.8.2 alias and unalias commands 65

4.8.3 Aliases and Useful Functions 66

4.8.4 The character ; 68

4.9 Check your Knowledge 68

5. Advanced Commands for Linux users 70

5.1 uniq command 70

- 3/301 - Copyright © 2023 The Rocky Enterprise Software Foundation

Common questions

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Alias and unalias commands in Rocky Linux enhance command-line efficiency by allowing users to create and manage shortcuts for frequently used or complex commands. An alias can represent a command sequence, making it quicker to execute lengthy or recurrent operations with a simple keyword. The unalias command removes these shortcuts, offering flexibility in managing them. This personalization capability reduces typing errors, boosts productivity, and streamlines workflow by customizing the command line environment to fit the user's routine requirements and preferences .

The open-source licensing of Rocky Linux significantly influences its adoption across various sectors by eliminating licensing fees, allowing modification, and fostering a collaborative development environment. This licensing model appeals to sectors looking to minimize costs and gain full control over software customizations and deployments. The open nature of the source code encourages innovation, rapid problem-solving, and the creation of tailored solutions that specific industries require. Furthermore, the widespread community support and extensive documentation enhance the reliability and usability of Rocky Linux, making it a preferred choice in both commercial and educational fields .

The 'grep' command in Rocky Linux is utilized for searching text using patterns, making it efficient for finding strings within files using regular expressions. This allows users to extract useful data from large text files quickly. On the other hand, the 'find' command is integral for locating files within the file tree based on various criteria such as name, size, or modification date. When combined with options like '-exec', 'find' can perform operations on each result, providing a versatile search tool that extends beyond simple keyword matches, making data retrieval both powerful and flexible .

Rocky Linux, like other UNIX/Linux systems, embodies the UNIX/Linux philosophy by emphasizing simplicity, modularity, and text-based configuration. Its architectural design allows for efficient handling of processes through minimalistic code that each performs a single function well, enabling these codes to be combined as needed using shell pipelines. This design results in enhanced flexibility and power, ensuring that users can utilize small, reusable tools in a modular fashion to accomplish complex tasks .

In Rocky Linux, shell functionalities serve as a command interpreter that allows users to interact with the system through command lines. The shell is used for executing commands, running scripts, file manipulation, process control, and task automation. It supports complex programming constructs, including shell scripts, loops, conditionals, and variables, which empower users to automate routine tasks efficiently. Additionally, shell functionalities enable seamless interaction with kernel services and provide a powerful but simple interface for advanced operations .

The principles of the UNIX/Linux philosophy manifest in the shell of Rocky Linux through the provision of a simple, consistent interface that fosters flexibility and user autonomy. The shell exemplifies modularity by enabling users to combine small, discrete commands using scripts or pipelines to perform more complex tasks. It also emphasizes the simplicity principle by offering powerful basic utilities that, while simple on their own, become highly effective when used together. This combination enhances problem-solving capabilities, adheres to the "do one thing well" ethos, and allows users to manage their computing environment with precision and efficiency .

The free and open-source nature of GNU/Linux distributions such as Rocky Linux enables extensive collaboration and sharing within the community. This open-source model allows for more vigorous security testing and continuous improvements, fueled by contributions from developers worldwide. It also encourages user-driven feature development, leading to distributions that are closely aligned with the needs of their users. Furthermore, the transparency associated with open source ensures that any vulnerabilities or inefficiencies in the software can be quickly identified and addressed .

Desktop environments in GNU/Linux distributions such as Rocky Linux play a pivotal role in shaping user experience by providing a graphical user interface (GUI) that interacts with system applications and settings. They determine the visual layout, style, and usability of the system, making it accessible and user-friendly, especially for those less familiar with command-line operations. Popular desktop environments like GNOME, KDE, and Xfce offer varying features, customization options, and resource requirements, allowing users to select a suitable environment that meets their hardware capabilities and personal preferences .

Using pipes in command executions within Rocky Linux offers the advantage of stringing multiple commands together so that the output of one serves as the input to the next, forming a seamless data-processing sequence. This approach minimizes the need for intermediate files, reduces manual intervention, and increases efficiency in data handling. Pipes enable users to build complex operations by combining simple commands, promoting a more declarative command style that aligns with the UNIX/Linux philosophy of building complex behaviors from simple, well-understood building blocks. This streamlines tasks such as filtering, transforming, and analyzing data without cluttering the user’s environment with unnecessary files .

In Rocky Linux, standard input and output redirection are significant for managing processes as they allow users to control the flow of data among commands and files. Input redirection directs data from a file into a command, replacing the need for manual data entry. Output redirection, on the other hand, captures the output of a command and writes it to a file instead of displaying it on the screen. This mechanism facilitates the automation of tasks by allowing command outputs to be used as inputs for other commands through piping, which optimizes workflow efficiency and promotes effective data manipulation across processes .

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