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VLSI Implementation of Smart Health Care System
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International Journal on Recent Researches In
Science, Engineering & Technology ISSN (Print) : 2347-6729
ISSN (Online) : 2348-3105
(Division of Electronics and Communication Engineering)
A Journal Established in early 2000 as National journal and upgraded to International journal in 2013
Volume 3, Issue 4,
and is in existence for the last 10 years. It is run by Retired Professors from NIT, Trichy. April 2015.
It is an absolutely free (No processing charges, No publishing charges etc) Journal Indexed in JIR IF : 2.54
JIR, DIIF and SJIF. DIIF IF : 1.46
Research Paper SJIF IF : 1.329
Available online at: [Link]
Chief Editor : Dr. [Link] Rao, Ph.D., Rtd. Professor, NIT, Trichy.
VLSI Implementation of Smart Health Care System
P.M. Bharath, E. Manikandan
Department of Embedded System Technologies
Rajalakshmi Engineering College
bharathmannappan1@[Link],manikandan.e@[Link]
Abstract: -In recent trends, the small issues in health care systems (delay in transmission line and small errors)
may cause loss of several lives. With the improvements in VLSI technologies, microcontroller usage has been
decreased drastically. The adaptive VLSI designs have several advantages like reduce the size of device, cost
of device, power consumption, speed of operation, reliability and more functionality. An attempt has been
made to design and implement an advanced health care system using Zigbee enabled RFID technology. The
current status of each patient is displayed in the LCD screen, in the presence of doctor‘s room. In this system
patient‘s security, nurse presence and doctor‘s regular rounds are maintained and recorded in a database.
Xilinx ISE Simulator has been used to simulate the processor module and the hardware of the processor has
been implemented up to the RTL schematic level and in order to substantiate our design we have used high
performance FPGA board.
Key-Words:- RFID, RTL, Health-Care, FPGA, VLSI
1 Introduction This hopping happens until the packet reaches the
In health care system, RFID tag is used as an server.
identification tool for individual person. The RFID Heart rate is the number of heartbeats per unit of
tag can measure the Temperature, Heart beat rate and time, typically expressed as beats per minute. Heart
Blood pressure. There are three bio-sensor chips rate can vary as the body's need to absorb oxygen and
(Temperature sensor, Heart beat sensor and Blood excrete carbon dioxide changes during exercise or
pressure sensor) sleep. The measurement of heart rate is used by
After By exposing the human body to biosensors medical professionals to assist in the diagnosis and
(Wearable sensors), we can measure any tracking of medical conditions. It is also used by
physiological parameters—blood pressure level, individuals, such as athletes, who are interested in
glucose level, oxygen concentration in the blood. The monitoring their heart rate to acquire maximum
sensors are directly connected to low power FPGA. efficiency.
These FPGA in turn connected to Radio Frequency
module. Whenever there is change in human 2 Literature Review
parameter the sensor will sense the parameter and Changes in lifestyle and unhealthy eating habits have
accordingly gives the analog signal, FPGA which resulted in a dramatic increase in incidents of heart
itself has inbuilt ADC will convert analog signal and vascular diseases. Furthermore, heart problems
from sensor to equivalent digital value and it is are being increasingly diagnosed on younger patients.
calibrated to its unit scale and transmitted wirelessly Worldwide, Coronary heart disease is now the
to server using RF module if server is located not far leading cause of death. Thus, any improvements in
away from its RF range. If server in Remote location the diagnosis and treatment tools are welcomed by
,then there occurs multi-hopping technique where the the medical community. In a clinical environment,
sensor transmit the value to the nearby sensor device heart rate is measured under controlled conditions
which is present within the range ,the sensor which like blood measurement, heart beat measurement, and
receives the packet from nearby sensor module and Electrocardiogram (ECG). However, there is a great
again forward the same to the nearby sensor module . need that patients are able to measure the heart rate in
the home environment as well. The heart rate rises
International Journal on Recent Researches in Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol.3, Issue 4, April 2015. ISSN (Print) 2347-6729; ISSN (Online)
2348-3105.
gradually during exercises and returns slowly to the is outside the room‖ thereby we can have an eye of
rest value after exercise. The rate at which the pulse her responsibility.
returns to normal is an indication of the fitness of the If any duty doctor forgets his time of duty, it sends
personthis system consists of FPGA Bio chip sensor, the message to corresponding duty doctor and it
GSM modem, GPS receiver. For measuring bio chip displays the message in the doctor room as ―not
sensor input is taken from of human. Bio chip sensor visited the patient‖ and doctor checks the patient. It
will generate digital pulse corresponding to each will record the date and time immediately and doctor
beat. This pulse is counted by interfacing bio chip prescribed medicines are maintained in database.
sensor to FPGA. After counting of pulse for one And in our design we have used high performance
minute, value of Bio chip sensor will be displayed on FPGA board.
LCD and if value is beyond the normal range then
location of patient will be message to care person
using GSM. This message contains location in format
of latitude and longitude. By inserting this co-
ordinate in GPS navigator then you will get exact
location of patient.
The Spartan 3E family is the first Xilinx mid-range
FPGA family that the company claims delivers
Virtex-6 family performance at less than half the
price while consuming 50 percent less power. The
Spartan family includes high-performance 12.5
Gbit/s or lower-cost optimized 6.5 Gbit/s serial
connectivity, memory, and logic performance
required for applications such as high volume
10Gbit/s optical wired communication equipment, Fig 2 The operational flow chart to control the
and provides a balance of signal processing display
performance, power consumption and cost to support board through processor and alarm is
the deployment of Long Term Evolution (LTE) shown.
wireless networks.
3 IssuesandChallenges Involved in the
Present work
The real time implementation of the external sensor
interfaces to the FPGA was a major challenge faced.
The memory to store the patient details was also a
issue.
4 Present Work
The proposed system uses RFID Tag as
identification tool for individual person. Fig 1 Along
with this tag various bio signal measurement sensors
of Temperature, Heart beat and Blood pressure
sensor are placed which will continuously monitor
the corresponding parameters. If it goes to an
abnormal condition a buzzer sound will start
automatically.
Fig 1 Block diagram of smart health care system
Each Nurse/Doctor is also given unique RFID tag.
If a patient is not detected by reader or if he moves
outside the room the red blinker glows‘ indicating
that patient is not in the room and a message is
displayed with the ID number. If there are no
nurse/attendees within the room the LCD displays a
notification message in the doctor room that ―Nurse
International Journal on Recent Researches in Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol.3, Issue 4, April 2015. ISSN (Print) 2347-6729; ISSN (Online)
2348-3105.
Fig 2 Operational flow chart for controlling the Fig 3 Bio Sensor Normal Condition
alarm and display unit.
In this Fig 4 the Bio sensor chip will continuously
Features of our smart health care system: monitor the parameter. If it goes to an abnormal
Automatic Identification and monitoring of condition a buzzer sound will start automatically and
patients. indicates the buzzer 1.
Automatic authentication of medical
doctor/nurse.
No outsider can open the door without
appropriate RFID tag ID.
At least one Nurse should be present within
the ward.
Automatic recording of medical report of
patient (EMR).
Doctor/Nurse get reports immediately with
hand-held RFID reader.
5 Experimental Work – Details
According to the requirement and operational flow
chart design of each module is performed using
Verilog code and simulated on the Xilinx ISE 14.3
simulation tools. The proposed Zig-bee processor
incorporates all the modules and incoming signals
from different sensors and detectors.
From the Fig 3, the simulation results are observed.
In the figure all ports are not shown, but for patient,
nurse, doctor and sensors are detected and have been Fig 4 Bio Sensor Abnormal Condition
reflected on results as displayThe Bio sensor chip
will continuously monitor the parameter and In this Fig 5 In that room if there are no Nurse/Doctor
indicates the buzzer 0. within the room it indicates 0, and in that room
nurse/doctor presents it indicates [Link] note the time
in whenever the Nurse/Doctor in out condition.
International Journal on Recent Researches in Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol.3, Issue 4, April 2015. ISSN (Print) 2347-6729; ISSN (Online)
2348-3105.
Passive and Active RFID for Production
Management Automation‘. IEEE Trans.
Fig 5 Nurse/Doctor In-Out Condition [Link]. Bio med. 14:pp.1387–1396, 2010
6 Conclusions
The simulation of the smart health care system is [7] Shi-Cha, Ren-Ting, Ya-Ping Fu and Hao-Ping Lin
done using Xilinx ISE simulator software. In health (2010) ―on generating RFID privacy policies in
consideration of openness and enforcement‖, IEEE
care system, RFID tag is used as an identification
International Conference on Social Computing /
tool for individual person. The RFID tag can detect IEEE International Conference on Privacy Polices,
the Bio sensor chip (Temperature sensor, Heart beat Security, Risk and Trust 978- 0-7695-4211-9/10
sensor and Blood pressure sensor), these three $26.00 © 2010 IEEE
sensors will continuously monitor the parameter. If
any abnormal condition occurs, it will be indicated as [8] M.M. Alotaibi, R.S.H. Istepanian, [Link] and
1 and if normal condition persists, it will be indicated [Link] (2014) ‗An Intelligent Mobile Diabetes
as 0. Each Nurse/Patient is also given unique RFID Management and Educational System: System
tag. If the presence of Patient/Nurse is not detected Archiitecture'978-1-4799-2131-7/14/$31.00
by the reader or if he moves outside the room, it ©2014IEEE Transactions.
indicates 0 and in that room Nurse/Patient presents, it
[9] Kurnianingsih, Lukito Edi Nugroho, Widyawan,
indicates [Link] date and time of the Doctor and LutfanLazuardi,andRidiFerdiana (2014) ‗A Home
prescribed medicines are maintained in a database. Care Model to Enhance the Wellbeing of Elderly
For the proposed system, we have used high People‘ IEEE Trans.978-1-4799-2131-7/14/$31.00
performance FPGA board. ©2014
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