SMART SAFETY SYSTEM USING ARDUINO UNO
ABSTRACT
The Smart Safety System using Arduino Uno is an integrated electronic system designed to
monitor both environmental safety and human health parameters in real time. This project
combines multiple sensors such as flame sensor, gas sensor, pulse sensor, LM35
temperature sensor, and DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor. The system provides
early warning indications using LEDs, helping to prevent accidents related to fire, gas
leakage, and health emergencies. The project is low-cost, reliable, and suitable for homes,
hospitals, and laboratories.
OBJECTIVE
The main objective of this project is to design and implement a compact and intelligent
safety system that can:
• Detect fire accidents using a flame sensor
• Detect gas leakage using a gas sensor
• Measure human body temperature using LM35
• Measure room temperature and humidity using DHT11
• Monitor heart rate using a pulse sensor
• Provide visual alerts using LEDs
• Increase safety and awareness in real-time
COMPONENTS USED AND DESCRIPTION
1. Arduino Uno – Acts as the main controller to read sensor data and control outputs.
2. Flame Sensor – Detects fire or flame based on infrared light.
3. Gas Sensor (MQ-2) – Detects LPG, smoke, and harmful gases.
4. Pulse Sensor – Measures heart rate by detecting blood flow.
5. LM35 Temperature Sensor – Measures body temperature accurately.
6. DHT11 Sensor – Measures ambient temperature and humidity.
7. LEDs (Red, Yellow, Green) – Used for alert and status indication.
8. Resistors – Used for LED current limiting.
9. Breadboard – For circuit connections.
10. Jumper Wires – For wiring.
11. USB Cable / Power Supply – For powering Arduino.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND CONNECTIONS
The circuit is designed by connecting all sensors to the Arduino Uno as follows:
PIN CONNECTION TABLE
• Flame Sensor OUT → Digital Pin 2
• Gas Sensor OUT → Analog Pin A0
• Pulse Sensor OUT → Analog Pin A1
• LM35 OUT → Analog Pin A2
• DHT11 DATA → Digital Pin 3
• Red LED → Digital Pin 8 (with 220Ω resistor)
• Yellow LED → Digital Pin 9 (with 220Ω resistor)
• Green LED → Digital Pin 10 (with 220Ω resistor)
• All VCC → 5V
• All GND → GND
WORKING PRINCIPLE
When the system is powered ON, Arduino continuously reads data from all sensors. If fire is
detected, the flame sensor sends a signal to Arduino and the red LED turns ON. If gas
concentration crosses the safe limit, the yellow LED is activated. Body temperature and
pulse rate are monitored continuously for health tracking. The DHT11 sensor provides
room temperature and humidity data. The green LED indicates normal safe condition.
APPLICATIONS
• Smart home safety systems
• Hospitals and patient monitoring
• Elderly care systems
• Industrial safety monitoring
• Laboratories and schools
ADVANTAGES
• Low-cost and easy to build
• Real-time monitoring
• Multiple safety features in one system
• Expandable to GSM / IoT
• Low power consumption
LIMITATIONS
• Limited sensing range
• No wireless alert in basic version
• Accuracy depends on calibration
FUTURE SCOPE
• Integration with GSM module for SMS alerts
• IoT cloud monitoring
• Mobile app integration
• Buzzer and LCD display
CONCLUSION
The Smart Safety System using Arduino Uno is a reliable and efficient solution for
monitoring environmental and health parameters. By integrating multiple sensors into one
platform, the system ensures enhanced safety and awareness. This project is suitable for
academic demonstrations and real-life safety applications.