Perfect 👍 Here are answers to all the questions from page 140 to 142 (all short answer

questions Type I & II from your Candid Physical Education Class 12 book).
I’ve written them clearly and briefly — enough for full marks in board-type questions.

🟩 Short Answer Questions (Type I)

1. Describe the meaning and give four functions of Balanced Diet.

A balanced diet is one that contains all essential nutrients—carbohydrates, proteins, fats,
vitamins, minerals, water, and roughage—in proper proportion for maintaining health.
Functions:

1. Provides energy.
2. Promotes growth and repair.
3. Maintains body functions.
4. Improves immunity and resistance.

2. State the parts of Balanced Diet.

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals, Water, Roughage/Fibre.

3. Give the importance of Balanced Diet.

1. Provides energy.
2. Promotes growth and development.
3. Increases resistance to diseases.
4. Maintains ideal body weight.
5. Keeps body and mind healthy.

4. List down Simple Carbohydrates types.

1. Glucose
2. Fructose
3. Sucrose
4. Lactose
5. State Complex Carbohydrates. Mention sources.

Complex carbohydrates consist of long sugar chains and release energy slowly.
Examples: Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose.
Sources: Whole grains, potatoes, pulses, rice, corn.

6. Highlight the role of Macronutrients in our diet. Mention

sources.

Macronutrients: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats.

Role:

 Carbohydrates – Provide energy.

 Proteins – Build and repair body tissues.
 Fats – Store energy and maintain warmth.
Sources: Rice, wheat, milk, meat, nuts, oils.

7. Discuss why Proteins are among the most important

macronutrients.

Proteins are called the building blocks of life. They help in tissue repair, muscle building, and
formation of enzymes and hormones.
Sources: Eggs, milk, pulses, meat, soybeans.

8. Explain the role of Fats. Why excessive Fats are harmful?

Mention sources.

Role: Provide energy, protect organs, maintain body temperature, absorb vitamins.
Excessive Fats: Cause obesity, heart diseases, and high cholesterol.
Sources: Butter, ghee, nuts, oil, meat.

9. Write note on Lipids.

Lipids are organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They store energy,
protect organs, and form cell membranes.
Example: Fats and oils.
10. How many Amino Acids are found in Proteins?

There are 22 amino acids, out of which 9 are essential and must be obtained through food.

11. What are Vitamins? Give the list of Vitamins required for an
individual.

Vitamins are organic substances required in small quantities for normal growth and metabolism.
Fat-soluble: A, D, E, K
Water-soluble: B-complex and C

12. Discuss about Deficiency Diseases caused by Vitamins.

Vitami Deficiency
n Disease

A Night blindness

B1 Beriberi

B3 Pellagra

C Scurvy

D Rickets

Poor blood
K
clotting

13. Compare any three fat-soluble vitamins on sources and

benefits.
Vitami
Sources Benefits
n

Carrot, fish Good

A
oil vision

D Sunlight, Strong
Vitami
Sources Benefits
n

milk bones

Healthy
E Nuts, seeds
skin

14. How is water useful in our diet?

1. Helps digestion and absorption.

2. Regulates body temperature.
3. Removes waste through sweat and urine.
4. Prevents dehydration.

15. Give importance of minerals for a player.

1. Strengthen bones (Calcium, Phosphorus).

2. Help blood formation (Iron).
3. Maintain water balance (Sodium, Potassium).
4. Aid muscle and nerve function.

16. Give the importance of Vitamin B and C.

 Vitamin B: Helps in energy production and nerve function.

 Vitamin C: Boosts immunity, helps in wound healing and collagen
formation.

17. Critically explain the importance of Vitamins for a player.

Vitamins improve stamina, prevent fatigue, and protect the body from infections. They are
essential for recovery and efficient performance.

18. Mention four Vitamin-Deficiency Diseases.

1. Rickets – Vitamin D
 2. Scurvy – Vitamin C
3. Night blindness – Vitamin A
4. Beriberi – Vitamin B1

19. What is the importance of Vitamin C?

Vitamin C helps build immunity, heals wounds, and forms connective tissues.
Sources: Amla, orange, lemon, guava.

20. Mention pitfalls of dieting.

1. Weakness and fatigue.

2. Loss of muscle mass.
3. Nutrient deficiencies.
4. Eating disorders.
5. Slower metabolism.

21. Mention Micronutrients important for body.

Vitamins and minerals — required in small amounts for growth, repair, and metabolism.

22. Write sources of 3 micro and 3 macro minerals.

Macro: Calcium (milk), Sodium (salt), Phosphorus (fish)

Micro: Iron (spinach), Iodine (salt), Zinc (nuts)

23. Difference between Simple and Complex Carbohydrates.

Simple
Complex Carbs
Carbs

Quick Slow, steady

energy energy
 Simple
Complex Carbs
Carbs

Easily
Slowly digested
digested

Sugar, Rice, pulses,

honey wheat

24. Is fat useful for our body?

Yes. Fats give energy, protect organs, regulate temperature, and absorb vitamins.

25. What is Food Intolerance?

Food intolerance is the body’s inability to digest certain foods properly, causing discomfort like
bloating or gas.
Example: Lactose intolerance.

26. What do you mean by Bulimia Nervosa?

Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder in which a person eats large amounts of food and then
vomits to avoid weight gain.
Causes: Fear of obesity, stress, body image issues.

27. Give importance of minerals for a player.

Minerals build bones, help muscle function, maintain water balance, and support energy
metabolism.

28. Write a note on Food Intolerance.

It is a condition in which some foods cannot be digested properly by the body, leading to
stomach pain, nausea, or gas.
Example: Lactose intolerance.
29. What do you mean by Pitfalls of Dieting?

Pitfalls of dieting are harmful effects of wrong or excessive dieting like weakness, fatigue, and
eating disorders.

30. What do you mean by Bulimia Nervosa? Mention causes.

It is an eating disorder where a person eats excessively and then purges (vomits) to avoid weight
gain.
Causes: Low self-esteem, emotional stress, fear of obesity.

31. Case Study: Sarita (Obesity and Dieting)

(i) Best advice: Exercising and small meals with more fibres – because skipping meals or
taking liquid diets causes weakness and deficiencies.
(ii) Meaning of Pitfalls of Dieting: Harmful results of wrong dieting such as weakness, fatigue,
and eating disorders.

🟩 Short Answer Questions (Type II)

1. Describe the meaning of Balanced Diet. What is the importance
of Balanced Diet?

A balanced diet provides all essential nutrients in proper proportion.

Importance:

 Maintains overall health and energy.

 Promotes growth and repair.
 Prevents deficiency diseases.
 Enhances immunity and body performance.

2. Explain the role of Macronutrients in our diet.

Carbohydrates: Provide energy.

Proteins: Build and repair tissues.
Fats: Store energy and protect organs.
All three are required in large quantities for proper body function.

3. What are the functions of Micronutrients in our diet? Mention

Deficiency Diseases.

Functions:

 Help in metabolism, hormone function, and tissue repair.

Deficiencies:
 Iron – Anaemia
 Iodine – Goitre
 Calcium – Weak bones
 Vitamin C – Scurvy

4. Give details of energy requirements of various groups. What

factors should be considered while making a balanced diet?

Energy needs:

 Children – Growth
 Adults – Work and maintenance
 Athletes – High energy demand
Factors: Age, gender, activity level, health condition, climate.

5. Describe the role of diet in performance.

A proper diet gives energy, aids muscle recovery, prevents fatigue, and helps maintain stamina
during sports.

6. List the deficiency diseases caused by Vitamins.

A – Night blindness
B1 – Beriberi
B3 – Pellagra
C – Scurvy
D – Rickets
K – Bleeding disorders

7. Explain the pitfalls of dieting for boxers and wrestlers.

Due to rapid weight loss, they may face:

 Weakness and dehydration.

 Fatigue and poor performance.
 Nutrient deficiency.
 Muscle loss.

8. What do you mean by Food Intolerance? How is energy

requirement calculated?

Food intolerance: Inability to digest some foods properly.

Energy requirement depends on age, gender, body size, and physical activity level.

9. Explain how eating habits can control weight.

Eating balanced meals, avoiding junk food, and maintaining portion control help manage weight
effectively.

10. Justify any six myths about diet.

1. Skipping meals helps in weight loss – False.

2. Fats are always bad – False.
3. Only gym exercise burns fat – False.
4. Carbs make you fat – False.
5. Supplements can replace food – False.
6. Starvation reduces weight permanently – False.

✅ All questions from Page 140 to 142 are now fully answered.
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