Scribd
Upload
6 views14 pages

Midbrain Anatomy and Functions Overview

The midbrain, or mesencephalon, is a 2.5 cm structure located between the forebrain and hindbrain, serving as the uppermost part of the brainstem. It features the cerebral aqueduct, which allows cerebrospinal fluid to flow between the third and fourth ventricles, and is composed of various parts including the tectum, cerebral peduncle, and colliculi. Key functions include visual and auditory reflexes, muscle tone control, and sensory signal relay, with clinical significance in conditions such as Weber's and Benedikt's syndromes.

Uploaded by

divya11c10054
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views14 pages

Midbrain Anatomy and Functions Overview

The midbrain, or mesencephalon, is a 2.5 cm structure located between the forebrain and hindbrain, serving as the uppermost part of the brainstem. It features the cerebral aqueduct, which allows cerebrospinal fluid to flow between the third and fourth ventricles, and is composed of various parts including the tectum, cerebral peduncle, and colliculi. Key functions include visual and auditory reflexes, muscle tone control, and sensory signal relay, with clinical significance in conditions such as Weber's and Benedikt's syndromes.

Uploaded by

divya11c10054
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MIDBRAIN

( MESENCEPHALON)
SUBMITTED TO:
SUBMITTED BY :
DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY
AVIKA GUPTA (28)
HOD DR. SUSHANTA RIT
PRERNA GANGWAR (69)
ASST. PROF. DR. YASH MISRA
VIBHUTI GUPTA (95)
INTRODUCTION
MIDBRAIN also known as
MESENCEPHALON

Dimensions : Length-2.5 cm
Breadth -2.5 cm

Location : Between Forebrain and


Hindbrain
LOCATION
• The uppermost part of
the
BRAINSTEM.
• Below diencephalon,
above Pons.
• Connect Forebrain
to Hindbrain.
CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT

• Cavity present in Midbrain.


• Cerebro Spinal Fluid flows
through it.
• Connect 3rd ventricle and
4th ventricle of brain.
EXTERNAL FEATURES
• 2 surfaces: Ventral & Dorsal

→ VENTRAL SURFACE
Cerebral Peduncles
Interpeduncular fossa
→ DORSAL SURFACE
4 Colliculi (2 Superior & 2 Inferior)
Corpora Quadrigemina
PARTS OF MIDBRAIN
TECTUM:
• Posterior to cerebral aqueduct
• Made up of: Right & left
Superior & inferior colliculi
CEREBRAL PEDUNCLE:
• Anterior to Cerebral Aqueduct.
• Subdivided into: Crus Cerebri
Substantia Nigra
Tegmentum
• COLLICULUS
• TECTUM
• TEGMENTUM
• SUBSTANTIA NIGRA
• CRUS CEREBRI
• INTERPEDUNCULAR
FOSSA
NUCLEI OF CRANIAL NERVE

• OCULOMOTOR NERVE

• TROCHLEAR NERVE
T.S. OF MIDBRAIN AT THE LEVEL OF
SUPERIOR COLLICULI

• NUCLEUS OF SUPERIOR
COLLICULI
• LEMINISCI
• DECUSSATION
• RED NUCLEUS
• OCCULOMOTOR NERVE
T.S. OF MIDBRAIN AT THE LEVEL
OF INFERIOR COLLICULI
• TROCHLEAR NERVE
• NUCLEUS OF INFERIOR
COLLICULI
• NUCLEUS OF
TROCHLEAR NERVE
• LEMINISCI
• DECUSSATION
FUNCTIONS Of MIDBRAIN

• Visual Reflexes
• Auditory reflexes
• Muscle tone & Posture control
• Relay sensory signals to Forebrain
• Control eye movements through cranial nerve
CLINICAL ANATOMY
• Weber's Syndrome
• Benedikt's Syndrome
• Parinaud's Syndrome
• Argyll Robertson Pupil
PINEAL GLAND
• Small, conical body
• Between two superior colliculi
• Consist Body and stalk
• Cells: ( a ) PINEALOCYTES
( b ) INTERSTITIAL CELLS
• Secretion of MELATONIN
• Maintenance of Circadian Rhythm.
THANK YOU

You might also like