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Methods of Dating Stratified Rocks

The document outlines methods for dating stratified rocks, focusing on relative and absolute dating techniques. It explains principles such as stratigraphy, typology, and various geological principles including unconformities and cross-cutting relationships. Additionally, it discusses radioisotopic dating, including examples like radiocarbon dating and potassium-40 decay to determine the age of rocks.

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Giovanni Ballog
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5 views20 pages

Methods of Dating Stratified Rocks

The document outlines methods for dating stratified rocks, focusing on relative and absolute dating techniques. It explains principles such as stratigraphy, typology, and various geological principles including unconformities and cross-cutting relationships. Additionally, it discusses radioisotopic dating, including examples like radiocarbon dating and potassium-40 decay to determine the age of rocks.

Uploaded by

Giovanni Ballog
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Dating Method

OBJECTIVES:
1. Describe the different methods (relative and
absolute dating) of determining the age of
stratified rocks;
2. explain how relative and absolute dating were
used to determine the subdivisions of geologic
time; and
3. describe radioisotopic dating..
How archaeologists
determine the date of
ancient sites and
artifacts?
A. Relative Dating
Stratigraphy
Typology
Principles of Geology

5. Unconformities
are simply gaps
(missing data) in the
rock record, these
gaps could indicate a
variety of processes.
Such as: erosion,
deformation, or
changes in sea-level.
What principle of
geology is presented
on the image?

Cross-cutting
relationships

*Unconformities *Horizontality *Superposition


*Lateral- continuity *Cross-cutting relationship
What principle of
geology is presented
on the image?

Lateral continuity

*Unconformities *Horizontality *Superposition


*Lateral continuity *Cross-cutting relationship
What principle of
geology is presented
on the image?

Unconformity

*Unconformities *Horizontality *Superposition


*Lateral continuity *Cross-cutting relationship
What principle of
geology is presented
on the image?

Horizontality

*Unconformities *Horizontality *Superposition


*Lateral continuity *Cross-cutting relationship
Grand Canyon of Arizona
B. Absolute Dating

Radioisotopic Dating
Radioactive Decay
Radioactive Elements: Radioisotopes
Radiocarbon Dating (for dead organic material)
● If the half-life of a radioactive group of atoms is
100 years, then how old is the rock if there have
been two half-lives? 200 years

after after
100 years 100 years

Parent 1st half-life 2nd half-life


● The half-life of potassium-40 is 1.3 billion years. An
igneous rock is found with 25% of potassium-40.
What is the absolute age of this rock? 2.6 B years

100% K 50% K 25% K

After After
1.3 billion years 1.3 billion years

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