D & F BLOCK ELEMENTS**
SECTION A – MCQ
1.
Which of the following ions in its aqueous solution possesses the value of magnetic moment as
3.87 BM?
(a) Cu²⁺ (b) Cr³⁺ (c) Co³⁺ (d) Fe³⁺
2.
Which of the following oxidation state is common for all lanthanoids?
(a) +2 (b) +3 (c) +4 (d) +5
3.
Zinc and mercury do not show variable valency like d-block elements because
(a) they are soft
(b) their d-shells are complete
(c) They have only two electrons in the outermost subshell
(d) their d-shells are incomplete
4.
Which one of the following characteristics of the transition metals is associated with higher
catalytic activity?
(a) High enthalpy of atomisation
(b) Paramagnetic behaviour
(c) Colour of hydrate ions
(d) Variable oxidation states
5.
Zr and Hf have almost equal atomic and ionic radii because of
(a) diagonal relationship
(b) lanthanoid contraction
(c) actinoid contraction
(d) belonging to the same group
6.
In , oxidation number of Mn is
(a) +2 (b) +4 (c) +6 (d) +7
[Link] of the following has half-filled 4f subshell in +4 oxidation state?
(a) Tb (b) Lu (c) Gd (d) Eu
[Link] of the following are d-block elements but not regarded as transition elements?
(a) Cu, Ag, Au
(b) Zn, Cd, Hg
(c) Fe, Co, Ni
(d) Ru, Rh, Pd
[Link] of the following pairs of ions have the same electronic configuration?
(a) Cu²⁺, Cr²⁺
(b) Fe³⁺, Mn²⁺
(c) Co³⁺, Ni³⁺
(d) Sc³⁺, Cr³⁺
[Link] reason for the greater range of oxidation states of actinoids is attributed to
(a) Actinoid contraction
(b) 4f and 5d levels being close in energies
(c) 5f, 6d and 7s levels being close in energies
(d) radioactive in nature
[Link] of transition metal ions are due to absorption of some wavelength. This results in
(a) d–s transition
(b) s–s transition
(c) s–t transition
(d) d–d transition
12. Transition metals—
(a) exhibit diamagnetism
(b) undergo inert pair effect
(c) do not form alloys
(d) show variable oxidation states
Assertion–Reason (Questions 13 onwards)
In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason
(R).
Select the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
13. Assertion:Cuprous ion (Cu⁺) has unpaired electrons while cupric ion (Cu²⁺) does not.
Reason: Cuprous ion (Cu⁺) is colourless whereas cupric ion (Cu²⁺) is blue in the aqueous
solution.
14. Assertion:La(OH)₃ is more basic than Lu(OH)₃.
Reason: Due to greater size of Lu³⁺, it shows more covalent character.
15. Assertion:Zn²⁺ and Cu²⁺ are colourless.
Reason: Both Zn²⁺ and Cu²⁺ contain 3d filled subshells.
16. Assertion:In transition elements, the ns orbital is filled up first and (n–1)d afterwards. During
ionization, ns electrons are lost prior to (n–1)d electrons.
Reason: The effective nuclear charge felt by (n–1)d electrons is higher as compared to that by
ns electrons.
SECTION B
This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question.
The following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
17. Account for the following
(a) Why transition elements form a large number of alloys?
(b) Why Zn, Cd and Hg have low melting and boiling points?
---
18. Assign reasons for the following
(i) The enthalpies of atomization of transition elements are high.
(ii) The transition metals and many of their compounds act as good catalysts.
19.(a) Which metal in the first transition series (3d series) exhibits +1 oxidation state most
frequently and why?
(b) Which of the following cations are coloured in aqueous solutions and why?
Sc³⁺, V³⁺, Ti⁴⁺, Mn²⁺
(At. nos. Sc = 21, V = 23, Ti = 22, Mn = 25)
[Link] one similarity and one difference between the chemistry of lanthanoids and that of
actinoids.
[Link] is Lanthanoid contraction? What are its two consequences?
22. Give reasons:
(a) There is a gradual decrease in the size of atoms with increasing atomic number in the series
of lanthanoids.
(b) Sc (21) is a transition element but Ca (20) is not.
(c) The Fe²⁺ is much more easily oxidised to Fe³⁺ than Mn²⁺ to Mn³⁺.
23. In the 3d series (Sc = 21 to Zn = 30):
(i) Which element shows maximum number of oxidation states?
(ii) Which element shows only +3 oxidation state?
(iii) Which element has the lowest enthalpy of atomization?
(Comptt. Delhi 2016)
[Link] the preparation of potassium permanganate.
How does the acidified permanganate solution react with oxalic acid?
25. Account for the following:
(i) Eu²⁺ is strong reducing agent
(ii) Transition metals form coloured compounds