SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS MAX.

MARKS : 40
CLASS : X DURATION : 1½ hrs
General Instructions:
(i). All questions are compulsory.
(ii). This question paper contains 20 questions divided into five Sections A, B, C, D and E.
(iii). Section A comprises of 10 MCQs of 1 mark each. Section B comprises of 4 questions of 2 marks
each. Section C comprises of 3 questions of 3 marks each. Section D comprises of 1 question of 5
marks each and Section E comprises of 2 Case Study Based Questions of 4 marks each.
(iv). There is no overall choice.
(v). Use of Calculators is not permitted

SECTION – A
Questions 1 to 10 carry 1 mark each.

1. In the ∆ABC, DE ∥ BC and AD = 3x − 2, AE = 5x − 4, BD = 7x − 5, CE = 5x − 3, then find the

value of x
(a) 1 (b) 7/10 (c) both (a) & (b) (d) none of these
Ans: (a) 1

Given that, AD = 3x − 2, AE = 5x − 4, BD = 7x − 5, CE = 5x − 3
AD AE
By Basic Proportionality theorem, we have 
BD EC
3x  2 5 x  4
   (3x  2)(5 x  3)  (5 x  4)(7 x  5)
7 x  5 5x  3
 15 x 2  19 x  6  35 x 2  53 x  20
7
 20 x 2  34 x  14  0  10 x 2  17 x  7  0  ( x  1)(10 x  7)  0  x  1, x 
10
7
But AE will become negative when x  . Therefore, x = 1.
10
2. ABCD is a trapezium with AD ∥ BC and AD = 4cm. If the diagonals AC and BD intersect each
other at O such that AO/OC = DO/OB =1/2, then BC =
(a) 6cm (b) 7cm (c) 8cm (d) 9cm
Ans: (c) 8cm

Page - 1 -
3. In the given figure, DE ∥ BC, AE = a units, EC =b units, DE =x units and BC = y units. Which of
the following is true?

ab ax ay x a
(a) x  (b) y  (c) x  (d) 
ay ab ab y b
ay
Ans: (c) x 
ab

4. ΔABC~ΔPQR. If AM and PN are altitudes of ΔABC and ΔPQR respectively and AB 2 : PQ2 = 4 :
9, then AM : PN =
(a) 3 : 2 (b) 16 : 81 (c) 4 : 9 (d) 2 : 3
Ans: (d) 2 : 3

5. The perimeters of two similar triangles ABC and PQR are 56 cm and 48 cm respectively. PQ/AB
is equal to
(a) 7/8 (b) 6/7 (c) 7/6 (d) 8/7
Ans. (b) 6/7
The ratio of the corresponding sides of similar triangles is same as the ratio of their perimeter
∴ ∆ABC ~ ∆PQR or ∆PQR ~ ∆ABC

Page - 2 -
 PQ QR PR 48 PQ 6
     
AB BC AC 56 AB 7

6. In the given figure, if M and N are points on the sides OP and OS respectively of ∆OPS, such
that MN || PS, then the length of OP is :
(a) 6.8 cm (b) 17 cm (c) 15.3 cm (d) 9.6 cm

Ans. (c) 15.3 cm

7. In the given figure ∆ABC is shown. DE is parallel to BC. If AD = 5 cm, DB = 2.5 cm and
BC = 12 cm, then DE is equal to

(a) 10 cm (b) 6 cm (c) 8 cm (d) 7.5 cm

Ans. (c) 8 cm
AD = 5 cm
DB = 2.5 cm
BC = 12 cm
DE || BC
∆ABC ~ ∆ADE
AD DE 5 DE 60
⇒     DE   8cm
AB BC 7.5 12 7.5

8. In ∆ABC, PQ || BC. If PB = 6 cm, AP = 4 cm, AQ = 8 cm, find the length of AC.

(a) 12 cm (b) 20 cm (c) 6 cm (d) 14 cm

Ans: (b) 20 cm
As PQ || BC by using basic proportionality theorem,
AP/PB = AQ/QC

Page - 3 -
 ⇒ 4/6 = 8/QC ⇒ QC = 8 × 6 / 4 ⇒ QC = 12 cm
Now, AC = AQ + QC = 8 + 12 = 20 cm

In the following questions 9 and 10, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason
(R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

9. Assertion (A): D and E are points on the sides AB and AC respectively of a ΔABC such that AD
= 5.7cm, DB = 9.5cm, AE = 4.8cm and EC = 8cm then DE is not parallel to BC.
Reason (R): If a line divides any two sides of a triangle in the same ratio then it is parallel to the
third side.
Ans: (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

10. Assertion (A): D and E are points on the sides AB and AC respectively of a ΔABC such that
DE║BC then the value of x is 4, when AD = x cm, DB = (x – 2) cm, AE = (x + 2) cm and EC =
(x – 1) cm.
Reason (R): If a line is parallel to one side of a triangle then it divides the other two sides in the
same ratio.
Ans: (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of
assertion (A).

SECTION – B
Questions 11 to 14 carry 2 marks each.
11. In the given figure, AP = 3 cm, AR = 4.5 cm, AQ = 6 cm, AB = 5 cm, AC = 10 cm. Find the length
of AD

AP 3
Ans: In ∆ABC,  ……. (i)
AB 5
AQ 6 3
  ……. (ii)
AC 10 5
AP AQ

From (i) and (ii), we get ⇒ PQ || BC
AB AC
AP AR 3 4.5
In ∆ABD, PR || BD ⇒     AD  7.5cm
AB AD 5 AD

12. In the given figure below, AD/AE=AC/BD and ∠1=∠2. Show that Δ BAE~ ΔCAD .

Page - 4 -
 Ans: In ΔABC, ∠1 = ∠2
∴ AB = BD ………(i)
AD AC
Given, 
AE BD
AD AC
Using equation (i), we get  ……….(ii)
AE AB
AC AD
In ΔBAE and ΔCAD, by equation (ii), 
AB AE
and ∠A= ∠A (common)
∴ ΔBAE ~ ΔCAD [By SAS similarity criterion]

13. In the given figure, ABCD is a quadrilateral. Diagonal BD bisects ∠B and ∠D both. Prove that
(i) ∆ABD ~ ∆CBD (ii) AB = BC

Ans. (i) In ∆ABD and ∆CBD

∠ABD = ∠CBD (BD bisects ∠B)
∠ADB = ∠CDB (BD bisects ∠D)
BD = BD (common side)
⇒ ∆ABD ~ ∆CBD (by ASA congruence rule)
Also, ∆ABD ~ ∆CBD (by AA rule)
(ii) AB = BC (cpct)

14. PQRS is a trapezium with PQ || SR. If M and N are two points on the non-parallel sides PS and
PM QN
QR respectively, such that MN is parallel to PQ, then show that  .
MS NR

Ans. Join PR
PQ ∥ SR and MN ∥ PQ ⇒ MN ∥ SR

Page - 5 -
 In Δ PSR, by Basic proportionality theorem, we have
PM PO
 … (i)
MS OR
Similarly, In Δ PQR,
PO QN
 … (ii)
OR NR
PM QN
From (i) and (ii), 
MS NR
OR
Diagonals AC and BD of trapezium ABCD with AB||DC intersect each other at point O. Show
that OA/OC = OB/OD.

Ans: Given: ABCD is a trapezium, AB || DC.

Diagonals AC and BD intersect at O.
OA OB
To Prove: 
OC OD
Construction: Draw OE || AB, through O, meeting AD at E.
Proof: In ∆ADC, EO || DC (∵ EO || AB || DC)
AE OA
 (By Thale's Theorem (i))
ED OC
In ∆DAB, EO || AB (By constructions)
AE OB
 (By Thale's Theorem) ...(ii)
ED OD
OA OB
From (i) and (ii), we get 
OC OD

SECTION – C
Questions 15 to 17 carry 3 marks each.

15. D is a point on the side BC of a triangle ABC such that ∠ADC = ∠BAC, prove that CA2 = CB.
CD
Ans: Given: D is the point on the side BC of ∆ABC such that ∠ADC = ∠BAC
To prove: CA2 = [Link]

Page - 6 -
 Proof: In ∆ADC and ∆BAC,
∠ADC = ∠BAC (Given)
∠ACD = ∠BCA (common angle)
∴ ∆ADC ~ ∆BAC (By AA similarly criterion)
We know that, the corresponding sides of similar triangles are in proportion.
∴ CA/CB = CD/CA
⇒ CA2 = [Link]

16. In the given figure, MNOP is a parallelogram and AB || MP. Prove that QC || PO.

Ans. In ∆ABQ, MP || AB
⇒ ∆QMP ~ ∆QAB (By AA similarity)
MP QP
⇒  ……..(i)
AB QB
Now, 𝑁𝑂 ∥ 𝑀𝑃 ∥ 𝐴𝐵
⇒ Δ𝐶𝑁𝑂~Δ𝐶𝐴𝐵
NO CO
⇒  ……..(ii)
AB CB
As 𝑀𝑃 = 𝑁𝑂
CO QP CB QB
From (i) and (ii),   
CB QB CO QP
CB QB CB  CO QB  QP
⇒ 1  1  
CO QP CO QP
BO BP
⇒ 
CO QP
⇒ QC ∥ PO (by converse of Basic proportionality theorem)
OR
A girl of height 100 cm is walking away from the base of a lamp post at a speed of 1.9 m/s. If the
lamp is 5 m above the ground, find the length of her shadow after 4 seconds.
Ans: Let AB be the lamp post and CD be the girl and DE = x be the length of the shadow of the
girl.

Page - 7 -
 Here, CD = 100 cm = 1m, AB = 5m
Speed of girl = 1.9 m/s
We know that, Distance = Speed × Time
∴ Distance of the girl from the lamp post after 4
seconds, BD = 1.9 × 4 = 7.6 m
In ∆ABE and ∆CDE
∠B = ∠D [Each 90°]
∠AEB = ∠CED [Common]
∴ ∆ABE ~ ∆CDE [By AA similarity criterion]
BE AB
 
DE CD
BD  DE AB 7.6  x 5
   
DE CD x 1
 7.6  x  5 x  4 x  7.6  x  1.9m
∴ Length of shadow of girl after 4 seconds is 1.9 metres.

17. In the given figure, E is a point on the side CB produced of an isosceles triangle ABC with AB =
AC. If AD ⊥ BC and EF ⊥ AC, them prove that ∆ABD ~ ∆ECF.

Ans: Given: AB = AC
∴ ∠B = ∠C ...(i) (Angles opposite to equal sides are equal)
AD ⊥ BC
∴ ∠ADB = 90° ...(ii)
EF ⊥ AC
∴ ∠EFC = 90° ...(iii) 1
In ∆ABD and ∆ECF,
∠B = ∠C (From (i))
∠ADB = ∠EFC = 90° (From (ii) & (iii))
∴ ∆ABD ~ ∆ECF (By AA Criterion)

SECTION – D
Questions 18 carry 5 marks.
18. State and prove Basic Proportional Theorem.

Page - 8 -
 Ans: Statement – 1 mark
Given, To Prove, Construction and Figure – 2 marks
Correct Proof – 2 marks
OR
Sides AB and AC and median AD to ∆ABC are respectively proportional to sides PQ and PR
and median PM of another triangle PQR. Show that ∆ABC ~ ∆PQR.
Ans.

Produce AD to E such that AD = DE and join EC

Produce PM to N such that PM = MN and join NR
ΔADB ≅ ΔEDC
∴ AB = EC
Similarly, PQ=NR
AB AC AD
 
Since, PQ PR PM
AE
EC AC
  2
NR PR PN
⇒ 2
∴ ΔAEC ∼ ΔPNR
⇒ ∠1=∠2
Similarly, ∠3 = ∠4
Hence ∠1 + ∠3 = ∠2 + ∠4 ⇒ ∠A = ∠P
AB AC

Also, PQ PR
∴ ΔABC ∼ ΔPQR

SECTION – E (Case Study Based Questions)

Questions 19 to 20 carry 4 marks each.
19. While browsing through the catalogue of wooden shelves, Karthik came across this beautiful triangular
shaped shelf. In the shelf, DE is parallel to the base BC could be used for displaying small plants and
showpieces.

Page - 9 -
 (a) Find the relation between the sides AD, DB, AE and EC. Also, mention the theorem used. (1)
(b) With measurement AE = 1.8 cm, BD = 7.2 cm and CE = 5.4 cm. Karthik thought of finding
the length of side AD from the given figure of shelf. How he will find the length. (1)
(c) Find the value of x if AD = (x + 3) cm, BD = (3x + 19) cm, AE = x cm and EC = (3x + 4) cm.
(2)
OR
(c) If AB = 9 cm, AC = 18 cm, AD = 2 cm and AE = 4 cm, then prove that DE || BC. (2)
Ans: (a) Since DE is parallel to BC, so by Basic Proportionality theorem AD/BD = AE/CE
(b) As DE || BC, then by Thales theorem, we have AD/DB = AE/EC
AD 1.8 1 7.2
    AD   2.4cm
7.2 5.4 3 3
(c) Using basic proportionality theorem, we have AD/DB = AE/EC
x3 x
⇒ 
3x  19 3x  4
⇒ (x + 3)(3x + 4) = x(3x + 19)
⇒ 3x2 + 13x + 12 = 3x2 + 19x
⇒ 13x + 12 = 19x ⇒ –6x = –12 ⇒ x = 2
OR
(c) Given, AB = 9 cm, AC =18 cm, AD = 2 cm and AE = 4 cm
Now, DB = AB – AD = 9 – 2 = 7 cm
EC = AC – AE = 18 – 4 = 14 cm
Now, AD/DB = 2/7
And, AE/EC = 4/14 = 2/7
∴ AD/DB = AE/EC
Therefore, DE || BC [by converse of basic proportionality theorem]

20. Vijay is trying to find the average height of a tower near his house. He is using the properties of
similar triangles. The height of Vijay’s house if 20 m when Vijay’s house casts a shadow 10 m
long on the ground. At the same time, the tower casts a shadow 50 m long on the ground and the
house of Ajay casts 20 m shadow on the ground.

Page - 10 -
(a) What is the height of the tower? (1)
(b) What is the height of Ajay’s house? (1)
(c) What will be the length of the shadow of the tower when Vijay’s house casts a shadow of 12
m? (2)
OR
(c) When the tower casts a shadow of 40 m, same time what will be the length of the shadow of
Ajay’s house? (2)
Ans:
(a) When two corresponding angles of two triangles are similar, then ratio of sides are equal.
Height of Vijay's house/Length of Shadow = Height of Tower/Length of Shadow
⇒ 20 m/10 m = Height of Tower/50 m
⇒ Height of Tower = 20 × 50/10 = 100 m
(b) Height of Vijay's house/Length of Shadow = Height of Ajay's house/Length of Shadow
20 m/10 m = Height of Ajay's house/20 m
Height of Ajay's house = 20 × 20/10 = 400/10 = 40m
(c) The height of Vijay’s house is AC = 20m.
The height of the tower is A’C’ = 100m.
The length of shadow of Vijay’s house is AB = 12cm.
∵ A′B′/A B = A′C′/A C
⇒ A′B′ = AB/A C × A′C′ = 12/20 × 100 = 12 x 5 = 60m
OR
(c) The height of tower is A’C’= 100m.
And the height of Ajay’s house is PR = 40m
The length of shadow of tower is A’B’= 40m.
The length of shadow of Ajay’s house is PQ.
∵ ΔA′B′C′ and ΔPQR are similar triangles.
∴ PQ/A′B′ = PR/A′C′
⇒ PQ = (PR/A′C′) × A′B′ = 40 × 40 /100 = 16m

Page - 11 -