INSTRUCTIONS:

1. The Internal Assessment carries a total of 20 marks.

2. Submit any TWO out of THREE given activities.
3. Submissions must be presented in a neat, organized
practical file/folder with cover page.
4. Do the Assignment on A4 size paper and submit the
Activity & Assignment on or before January 7, 2026.
5. Late submissions will NOT be accepted.
6. An oral examination (viva-voce) will be conducted by the
teacher concerned based on the work submitted in your
file.
INTERNATIONAL INDIAN SCHOOL JEDDAH
ACTIVITY & ASSIGNMENT
FOR
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT
(2025-26)
CLASS XII MATHEMATICS
NAME OF THE STUDENT: ______________________________________

CLASS/SEC: ___________ ROLL. NO. ____________

SIGNATURE OF THE TEACHER: __________________

DATE: _________________
Activity 6
OBJECTIVE MATERIAL REQUIRED
To explore the principal value of Cardboard, white chart paper, rails,
the function sin–1x using a unit ruler, adhesive, steel wires and
circle. needle.

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION
1. Take a cardboard of a convenient size and paste a white chart paper on it.
2. Draw a unit circle with centre O on it.
3. Through the centre of the circle, draw two perpendicular lines X′OX and
YOY′ representing x-axis and y-axis, respectively as shown in Fig. 6.1.
4. Mark the points A, C, B and D, where the circle cuts the x-axis and y-axis,
respectively as shown in Fig. 6.1.
5. Fix two rails on opposite
sides of the cardboard
which are parallel to
y-axis. Fix one steel wire
between the rails such
that the wire can be
moved parallel to x-axis
as shown in Fig. 6.2.

24/04/18
 6. Take a needle of unit
length. Fix one end of
it at the centre of the
circle and the other
end to move freely
along the circle
Fig. 6.2.

DEMONSTRATION
1. Keep the needle at an
arbitrary angle, say x1
with the positive direction of x-axis. Measure of angle in radian is equal to
the length of intercepted arc of the unit circle.
2. Slide the steel wire between the rails, parallel to x-axis such that the wire
meets with free end of the needle (say P1) (Fig. 6.2).
3. Denote the y-coordinate of the point P1 as y1, where y1 is the perpendicular
distance of steel wire from the x-axis of the unit circle giving y1 = sin x1.
4. Rotate the needle further anticlockwise and keep it at the angle π – x1. Find
the value of y-coordinate of intersecting point P2 with the help of sliding
steel wire. Value of y-coordinate for the points P1 and P2 are same for the
different value of angles, y1 = sinx1 and y1 = sin (π – x1). This demonstrates
that sine function is not one-to-one for angles considered in first and second
quadrants.
5. Keep the needle at angles – x1 and (– π + x1), respectively. By sliding down
the steel wire parallel to x-axis, demonstrate that y-coordinate for the points
P3 and P4 are the same and thus sine function is not one-to-one for points
considered in 3rd and 4th quadrants as shown in Fig. 6.2.

Mathematics 113

24/04/18
 6. However, the y-coordinate
of the points P3 and P1 are
different. Move the needle
in anticlockwise direction
π π
starting from − to and
2 2
look at the behaviour of
y-coordinates of points P5,
P6, P7 and P8 by sliding the
steel wire parallel to
x-axis accordingly. y-co-
ordinate of points P5, P6, P7
and P8 are different (see
Fig. 6.3). Hence, sine
function is one-to-one in
 π π
the domian  − ,  and its range lies between – 1 and 1.
 2 2

 π π
7. Keep the needle at any arbitrary angle say θ lying in the interval  − , 
 2 2
and denote the y-coordi-
nate of the intersecting
point P9 as y. (see Fig. 6.4).
Then y = sin θ or θ = arc
sin–1y) as sine function is
one-one and onto in the
 π π
domain  − 2 , 2  and
range [–1, 1]. So, its
inverse arc sine function
exist. The domain of arc
sine function is [–1, 1] and
Fig. 6.4

114 Laboratory Manual

24/04/18
  π π
range is  − ,  . This range is called the principal value of arc sine
 2 2
function (or sin–1 function).

OBSERVATION
1. sine function is non-negative in _________ and __________ quadrants.
2. For the quadrants 3rd and 4th, sine function is _________.
π
3. θ = arc sin y ⇒ y = ________ θ where − ≤ θ ≤ ________.
2
4. The other domains of sine function on which it is one-one and onto provides
_________ for arc sine function.
APPLICATION
This activity can be used for finding the principal value of arc cosine function
(cos–1y).

Mathematics 115

24/04/18
Activity 16
OBJECTIVE MATERIAL REQUIRED
To construct an open box of maximum Chart papers, scissors, cellotape,
volume from a given rectangular sheet calculator.
by cutting equal squares from each
corner.

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION
1. Take a rectangular chart paper of size 20 cm × 10 cm and name it as ABCD.
2. Cut four equal squares each of side x cm from each corner A, B, C and D.
3. Repeat the process by taking the same size of chart papers and different
values of x.
4. Make an open box by folding its flaps using cellotape/adhesive.

DEMONSTRATION
1. When x = 1, Volume of the box = 144 cm3
2. When x = 1.5, Volume of the box = 178.5 cm3

24/04/18
 3. When x = 1.8, Volume of the box = 188.9 cm3.
4. When x = 2, Volume of the box = 192 cm3.
5. When x = 2.1, Volume of the box = 192.4 cm3.
6. When x = 2.2, Volume of the box = 192.2 cm3.
7. When x = 2.5, Volume of the box = 187.5 cm3.
8. When x = 3, Volume of the box = 168 cm3.
Clearly, volume of the box is maximum when x = 2.1.

OBSERVATION
1. V1 = Volume of the open box ( when x = 1.6) = .................
2. V2 = Volume of the open box ( when x = 1.9) = .................
3. V = Volume of the open box ( when x = 2.1) = .................
4. V3 = Volume of the open box ( when x = 2.2) = .................
5. V4 = Volume of the open box ( when x = 2.4) = .................
6. V5 = Volume of the open box ( when x = 3.2) = .................
7. Volume V1 is ____________ than volume V.
8. Volume V2 is ____________ than volume V.
9. Volume V3 is ____________ than volume V.
10. Volume V4 is ____________ than volume V.
11. Volume V5 is ____________ than volume V.

So, Volume of the open box is maximum when x = ________.

APPLICATION
This activity is useful in explaining the concepts of maxima/minima of functions.
It is also useful in making packages of maximum volume with minimum cost.

Mathematics 141

24/04/18
 NOTE
Let V denote the volume of the box.
Now V = (20 – 2x) (10 – 2x) x

or V = 200x – 60x2 + 4x3

dV
= 200 –120 x + 12 x 2 . For maxima or minima, we have,
dx

dV
= 0 , i.e., 3x2 – 30x + 50 = 0
dx

30 ± 900 – 600
i.e., x = = 7.9 or 2.1
6

Reject x = 7.9.

d 2V
= –120 + 24x
dx 2

d 2V
When x = 2.1, is negative.
dx2

Hence, V should be maximum at x = 2.1.

142 Laboratory Manual

24/04/18
Activity 27
OBJECTIVE MATERIAL REQUIRED
To explain the computation of A piece of plywood, white paper
conditional probability of a given pen/pencil, scale, a pair of dice.
event A, when event B has already
occurred, through an example of
throwing a pair of dice.

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION
1. Paste a white paper on a piece of plywood of a convenient size.
2. Make a square and divide it into 36 unit squares of size 1cm each
(see Fig. 27).
3. Write pair of numbers as shown in the figure.

Fig. 27

24/04/18
DEMONSTRATION
1. Fig. 27 gives all possible outcomes of the given experiment. Hence, it
represents the sample space of the experiment.
2. Suppose we have to find the conditional probability of an event A if an event
B has already occurred, where A is the event “a number 4 appears on both
the dice” and B is the event "4 has appeared on at least one of the dice”i.e,
we have to find P(A | B).
3. From Fig. 27 number of outcomes favourable to A = 1
Number of outcomes favourable to B = 11
Number of outcomes favourable to A ∩ B = 1.
NOTE
11
4. (i) P (B) = , 1. You may repeat this activity by
36
taking more events such as the
probability of getting a sum 10 when
1 a doublet has already occurred.
(ii) P (A ∩ Β) =
36 2. Conditional probability
P (A | B) can also be found by first
P(A ∩ B) 1 taking the sample space of event B
(iii) P (A | B) = = . out of the sample space of the
P(B) 11 experiment, and then finding the
probability A from it.
OBSERVATION
1. Outcome(s) favourable to A : _________, n (A) = _________.
2. Outcomes favourable to B : _________, n (B) = _________.
3. Outcomes favourable to A ∩ B : _________, n (A ∩ B) = _________.
4. P (A ∩ B) = _________.
5. P (A | B) = _________ = _________.

APPLICATION
This activity is helpful in understanding the concept of conditional probability,
which is further used in Bayes’ theorem.

Mathematics 175

24/04/18
 CLASS XII ASSIGNMENT FOR INTERNAL ASSESSMENT (2025-26)
MATHEMATICS
CHAPTER 1. RELATIONS & FUNCTIONS
1. Let L be the set of all lines in a plane and R be the relation in L defined as R = {(L1, L2): L1 is perpendicular to L2}.
Show that R is symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive.
2. Check whether the relation S in the set R of real numbers, defined as 𝑆 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑎 ≤ 𝑏 2 } is reflexive, symmetric or
transitive. Determine all 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 such that (𝑥, 𝑥) ∈ 𝑆.
3. Let 𝑓: 𝑁 → 𝑌 be a function defined as 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 + 3, where, 𝑌 = {𝑦 ∈ 𝑁: 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 3 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑜𝑚𝑒 𝑥 ∈ 𝑁}. Show that f
is invertible.
4. Show that the relation R in the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} given by R = {(a, b): |a – b| is even}, is an equivalence relation.
Show that all the elements of {1, 3, 5} are related to each other and all the elements of {2, 4} are related to each other.
But no element of {1, 3, 5} is related to any element of {2, 4}.
5. Show that f: N → N, given by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 1, if is odd,

= 𝑥 − 1, if is even is both one-one and onto.

𝑛+1
6. Let f: N → N be defined by 𝑓(𝑥) =
2
𝑛
= 2 for all 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁. State whether the function 𝑓 is bijective.
7. Let A = {1, 2, 3, ……., 9} and (𝑎, 𝑏) 𝑅 (𝑐, 𝑑) 𝑖𝑓 𝑎𝑑 = 𝑏𝑐 𝑓𝑜𝑟 (𝑎, 𝑏), (𝑐, 𝑑) 𝑖𝑛 𝐴 × 𝐴. Prove that R is an equivalence
relation.
8. Show that the relation R in the set of ℝ real numbers, defined as 𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑎 ≤ b3} is neither reflexive nor symmetric
nor transitive.
9. Let R be the relation in the set Z of integers given by 𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 2 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 𝑎 – 𝑏}. Show that the relation R
equivalence? Write the equivalence class [0].
2 2 2𝑥−1
10. Let 𝐴 = 𝑅 − { 3 } 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐵 = 𝑅 − { 3 }. If 𝑓: 𝐴 → 𝐵 and 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥−2 , then prove that the function f is one-one and
onto.
CHAPTER 2. INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
−1 3𝜋 −1 −1
1. Find the principal value of (i) 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 ( 3) (ii) 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (𝑠𝑖𝑛 5
) (iii) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( 2) (iv) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( 3)
√ √ √
−1 cos 𝑥 −3𝜋 𝜋
2. Express 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (1−sin 𝑥), 2 < 𝑥 < 2 in the simplest form.
1 1−𝑥
3. Prove that 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 √𝑥 = 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (1+𝑥), x ∈ [0, 1].
√1+𝑥 − √1−𝑥 𝜋 1
4. Prove that 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( 1+𝑥 + 1−𝑥) = 4 − 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥
√ √
−1 (1 −1 𝜋
5. Find the value of x, given 𝑠𝑖𝑛 − 𝑥) − 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 = 2.

6.

7.

8.
9.

𝟏 𝝅
10. Find the value of (i) 𝒕𝒂𝒏 (𝟐 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 𝟓 − 𝟒 )

(ii)
 CH 3. MATRICES & CH 4. DETERMINANTS

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.
10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.
19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.
28.

29.

30.
 CH 5. CONTINUITY & DIFFERENTIABILITY/ CH 6. APPLICATIONS OF DERIVATIVES
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
1. If 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥, then show that (1 − 𝑥 2 ) −𝑥 = 0.
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

2. Show that the function 𝑓 given by 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙3 − 𝟑𝒙2 + 𝟒𝒙, 𝒙 ∈ 𝑹 is increasing on R

3. Find the intervals in which the function f given by 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙, 𝟎 ≤ 𝒙 ≤ 𝟐𝝅 is increasing
or decreasing.
4. Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of a function f given by 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟐𝒙3 – 15𝒙2 + 36𝒙 +1
on the interval [1, 5].
5. Find all the points of local maxima and local minima of the function f given by f(x) = 2x3 – 6x2 + 6x +5.
6. The total revenue in ₹ received from sale of 𝑥 units of a product is given by 𝑹(𝒙) = 13𝒙2 + 𝟐𝟔𝒙 + 𝟏𝟓
Find the marginal revenue when 𝑥 = 7.

7. If the function f(x) given by is continuous at 𝑥 = 1, then find a 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.
16.

17.

18.

19.

20.
21. The length x of a rectangle is decreasing at the rate of 3 cm/minute and the width y is increasing at the rate
of 2 cm/minute. When 𝒙 = 𝟏𝟎 𝒄𝒎 and 𝒚 = 𝟔 𝒄𝒎, find the rates of change of (a) the perimeter and
(b) the area of the rectangle.
22. A ladder 5 m long is leaning against a wall. The bottom of the ladder is pulled along the ground, away from
the wall, at the rate of 2 cm/s. How fast is its height on the wall decreasing when the foot of the ladder is 4 m
away from the wall
23. Sand is pouring from a pipe at the rate of 12 cm3 /s. The falling sand forms a cone on the ground in such a way
that the height of the cone is always one-sixth of the radius of the base. How fast is the height of the sand
cone increasing when the height is 4 cm?
24. Find two positive numbers whose sum is 15 and the sum of whose squares is minimum.
CASE STUDY

25.

26.

27.
 CHAPTER 7. INTEGRALS
1.

2. Evaluate:

(i) (ii)

(iii) (iv)

(v) (vi)

(vii) (viii)

(ix) (x)

(xi) (xii)
 CHAPTER 8. APPLICATIONS OF INTEGRALS
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

CHAPTER 9. DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

1.

2.
3.

4.
5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

IMPORTANT INTEGRALS MUST LEARN PARTIAL FRACTIONS

1. 12.

2. 13.
3.
14.
4.
15.
5.
16. PROPERTIES OF DEFINITE INTEGRALS
6.

7. 17.

8.
9. 18.

10.

11.
 CHAPTER 10. VECTOR ALGEBRA
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.
 CHAPTER 11. THREE DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.
 LPP - MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.
6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.
 CH 13. PROBABILITY
1. In a factory which manufactures bolts, machines A, B and C manufacture respectively 25%, 35% and 40% of the bolts. Of their
outputs, 5, 4 and 2 percent are respectively defective bolts. A bolt is drawn at random from the product and is found to be defective.
What is the probability that it is manufactured by the machine B?
2. A die is thrown. If E is the event ‘the number appearing is a multiple of 3’ and F be the event ‘the number appearing is even’ then find
whether E and F are independent?
3. Given two independent events A and B such that P(A) = 0.3, P(B) = 0.6.
Find (i) P(A and B) (ii) P(A and not B) (iii) P(A or B) (iv) P(neither A nor B)
4. Two balls are drawn at random with replacement from a box containing 10 black and 8 red balls. Find the probability that
(i) both balls are red. (ii) first ball is black and second is red. (iii) one of them is black and other is red.
5. A person has undertaken a construction job. The probabilities are 0.65 that there will be strike, 0.80 that the construction job will be completed on time if
there is no strike, and 0.32 that the construction job will be completed on time if there is a strike. Determine the probability that the construction job
will be completed on time.
6. Bag I contains 3 red and 4 black balls while another Bag II contains 5 red and 6 black balls. One ball is drawn at random from one of the bags and it
is found to be red. Find the probability that it was drawn from Bag II.
7. Given three identical boxes I, II and III, each containing two coins. In box I, both coins are gold coins, in box II, both are silver coins and in the boxIII,
there is one gold and one silver coin. A person chooses a box at random and takes out a coin. If the coin is of gold, what is the probability that the other
coin in the box is also of gold?
8. In a factory which manufactures bolts, machines A, B and C manufacture respectively 25%, 35% and 40% of the bolts. Of their outputs, 5, 4 and 2
percent are respectively defective bolts. A bolt is drawn at random from the product and is found to be defective. What is the probability that it is
manufactured by the machine B?
9. A man is known to speak truth 3 out of 4 times. He throws a die and reports that it is a six. Find the probability that it is actually a six.
10. A card from a pack of 52 cards is lost. From the remaining cards of the pack, two cards are drawn and are found to be both diamonds. Find the
probability of the lost card being a diamond.
11. A and B throw a die alternatively till one of them gets a ‘6’ and wins the game. Find their respective probabilities of winning, if A starts first.
12. Two cards are drawn successively with replacement from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probability distribution of the number of aces.
13. Find the probability distribution of number of doublets in three throws of a pair of dice.
14. A random variable X has the following probability distribution:
Determine (𝑖) 𝑘 (𝑖𝑖) 𝑃(𝑋<3) (𝑖𝑖𝑖) 𝑃(𝑋>6) (𝑖𝑣) 𝑃(0<𝑋<3)
15. Two numbers are selected at random (without replacement) from the first six positive integers. Let X denote the larger of the two numbers obtained. Find
the probability distribution of the random variable X, and hence find the mean of the distribution.
16.
(i) ((ii)

17. (i) (ii)

18.

19.