Homework-7 Dr.

Shabbir 301 Due 12-01-2025

Please clearly mark the bubble with a black color pen so that the AI can see your answers.

From the enthalpies of the reac@on.

H2(g) + F2 (g) à 2HF (g) ∆H –537kJ
C(s) + 2F2 (g) à CF4 (g) ∆H –680kJ
2C(s) + 2H2(g) à C2H4(g) ∆H +52.3kJ

Q1) Calculate ∆Hrxn for the reac@on of ethylene with F2:

C2H4(g) + 6F2(g) à 2CF4(g) + 4HF(g)

o -2490 kJ
o -90.7 kJ
o -1269 kJ
o +155.7 kJ
From the enthalpies of the reac@on.
!
C₂H₆(g) + "O₂(g) → 2 CO₂(g) + 3H₂O(l) ΔH = –1560 kJ
C(s) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g) ΔH = –394 kJ
H₂(g) + ½ O₂(g) → H₂O(l) ΔH = –286 kJ

Q2) Calculate ∆Hrxn for the reac@on of carbon with H2 as wriUen.

2C(s) + 3H₂(g) → C₂H₆(g)

o -86 kJ
o +86 kJ
o -772 kJ
o +772 kJ
______________________________________________________________________________
&
Q3) Use bond enthalpies given in the thermodynamic table to es@mate ∆H#$% for the
following reac@ons.
C2H4(g) + H2(g) à C2H6(g)

o –103 kJ
o –124 kJ
o –808 kJ
o +192.9 kJ
Name__________________________________________ 1
Homework-7 Dr. Shabbir 301 Due 12-01-2025

&
Q4) Calculate the enthalpy of reaction ∆H#$% for the following reaction using bond
dissociation energies given in the thermodynamic table.
C3H6 + H2O à C2H7OH

o -42 kJ/mol H

o +42 kJ/mol
H OH

H C H H C H
O

o -421 kJ/mol
C C C C
H H
H H H
H H H H

o +421 kJ/mol
______________________________________________________________________________
Q5) Which one of the following reac@ons as [Link] would have the largest POSITIVE ∆S.

o 4NH (g) + 5O (g)à4NO(g) + 6H O(l)

3 2 2

o N O (g) à2NO (g)

2 4 2

o Fe O (s) +3CO(g)à2Fe(s)+3CO (g)

2 3 2

o 2C H (g)+ 5O (g)à 4CO (g) + 6H O(g)

2 6 2 2 2
______________________________________________________________________________
Q6) Using the standard molar entropy values. Calculate the standard entropy change ∆So for
the following reac@on at 298K.
Al2O3 (s) + 2H2(g) à 2 Al(s) + 3H2O (g)

Compound ∆S J/mol
Al2O3 (s) 51.00
H2 (g) 130.56
Al (s) 28.32
H2O (g) 232.9

o +299.0 J/K
o -234.3 J/K
o +443.2 J/K
o -198.3 J/K
______________________________________________________________________________

Name__________________________________________ 2
Homework-7 Dr. Shabbir 301 Due 12-01-2025

Q7) Calculate the ∆Go for the reac@on for which ∆Ho = 24.6kJ and ∆So =132J at 298K.

o + 39.3 kJ
o –39.3 kJ
o +14.7 kJ
o –14.7 kJ
Q8) For the combus@on of butane at 298K.

2C4H10 (g) + 13O2(g) à 8 CO2(g) + 10H2O (g)

&
Calculate ∆H#$% for the reac@on at 298K. Use the table of thermodynamic data provided

o –2660 kJ/mol
o + 2660 kJ/mol
o –52000 kJ/mol
o + 52000 kJ/mol
______________________________________________________________________________
Q9) Use the thermodynamic data provided to calculate the standard molar free-energy
*
change ∆𝐺'() for the oxida@on of ammonia to nitric oxide (NO) and water at 298K.

4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) à 4NO(g) + 6 H2O(l)

Compound ∆Gf kJ/mol

O2 (g) 0
NH3(g) -16.66
H2O (l) -237.13
NO (g) 86.71

o -1000 kJ/mol
o +1000 kJ/mol
o -252 kJ/mol
o +252 kJ/mol
______________________________________________________________________________

Name__________________________________________ 3
Homework-7 Dr. Shabbir 301 Due 12-01-2025

Q10) Use the thermodynamic data provided to calculate the standard free-energy
*
change∆𝑆'() for the reac@on of CaC2 with water.
CaC2(s) + 2H2O(l) à C2H2(g) + Ca(OH)2 (s)

Compound So J/mol.K
CaC2(s) 70
Ca(OH)2 (s) 83.4
C2H2 (g) 200
H2O (l) 109.6

o -6 J/mol.K
o +6 J/mol.K
o -103 J/mol.K
o +103 J/mol.K
______________________________________________________________________________
Q11) When ammonia gas (NH₃) and hydrogen chloride gas (HCl) come into contact, they
instantly form a dense white cloud of solid ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl). The reaction vessel
feels warm to touch.
NH3(g) + HCl(g)à NH4Cl(s)
What are the signs of ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG, respectively?

o – , –, –
o –, + , –
o+ , – , +
o+ , + , –
______________________________________________________________________________
Q12) A block of dry ice (solid CO₂) left at room temperature quickly begins to form CO₂ gas.
The block feels very cold.
CO₂(s) → CO₂(g)
What are the signs of ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG, for the reaction at room temperature?

o – , –, –
o –, + , –
o+ , – , +
o+ , + , –
______________________________________________________________________________

Name__________________________________________ 4
Homework-7 Dr. Shabbir 301 Due 12-01-2025

Q13) When an instant cold pack is activated, ammonium nitrate dissolves in water and the
pack becomes very cold to the touch. The salt dissolves completely, forming aqueous ions.

NH4NO3(s)à NH4+(aq) + NO3-(aq)

Given this process, what are the signs of ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG, respectively?

o – , –, –
o –, + , –
o+ , – , +
o+ , + , –
______________________________________________________________________________

Q14) When a reusable hot pack is activated, a supersaturated sodium acetate solution
crystallizes rapidly. The pack becomes very warm to the touch as a solid lattice forms.

NaC₂H₃O₂(aq) → NaC₂H₃O₂(s)

What are the signs of ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG, respectively?

o – , –, –
o –, + , –
o– , – , +
o+ , + , –
______________________________________________________________________________

Q15) Hexane has enthalpy of vaporization of ΔH°vap = 28.9 kJ/mol entropy of vaporization of
ΔS°vap = 84.7 J/mol·K. What is the boiling point?

o 68 Co

o 79 Co

o 34 Co

o 41 Co

______________________________________________________________________________

Name__________________________________________ 5
Homework-7 Dr. Shabbir 301 Due 12-01-2025

Q16) Solid iodine sublimes to purple iodine vapor:

I₂(s) → I₂(g)
ΔH°sub = 62.4 kJ/mol
ΔS°sub = 137 J/mol·K
Estimate the sublimation temperature.

o 280 K
o 319 K
o 455 K
o 639 K
______________________________________________________________________________
Q17) Using the thermodynamic data table provided, and determine which of the following
statements about hydrocarbon stability is/are CORRECT?

I. Ethane C2H6 is more stable than acetylene C2H2.

II. propane C3H8 is more stable than propene C3H6.
III. Cyclopropane C3H6 is more stable than propene C3H6.

o I, II, and III

o I and II
o I and III
o III only
______________________________________________________________________________
Q18) Using the thermodynamic data table provided, determine which statements are TRUE.

I. The more negative the heat of combustion, the more stable the molecule.
II. CO₂(g) is more thermodynamically stable than CO(g).
III. The formation of CO2(g) from C(s) graphite and O2(g) is entropically favorable.

o I only
o I and III
o II and III
o I, II, and III
_____________________________________________________________________________

Name__________________________________________ 6
Homework-7 Dr. Shabbir 301 Due 12-01-2025

Q19) Use the bond dissociation energies (BDEs) in the data table to answer the question.
I. A C≡C bond is stronger than a C=C bond.
II. A C–H bond in methane is stronger than a C–H bond in ethane.
III. C=C bonds are always stronger than C–C bonds.

o I and II
o II and III
o I and III
o I only
______________________________________________________________________________
Q20) Gold (Au) melts at 1064 °C what are the signs of ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG for melting of Au at
1000oC?
Au(s) à Au(l)

o – , –, –
o –, + , –
o+ , + , +
o+ , + , –
______________________________________________________________________________
Q21) Sulfur solidifies at 115 °C. What are the signs of ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG for solidification S₈ at
130 °C?
S8(l) à S8(s)

o – , –, –
o –, – , +
o+ , + , +
o+ , + , –
______________________________________________________________________________
Q22) Acetone boils at 56 °C. What are the signs of ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG for boiling at 70 °C?
CH3COCH3(l) à CH3COCH3(g)

o – , –, –
o –, + , –
o+ , – , +
o+ , + , –
Name__________________________________________ 7
Homework-7 Dr. Shabbir 301 Due 12-01-2025

Q23) Liquid nitrogen condenses at –196 °C. What are the signs of ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG for
condensation at –150 °C?
N2(g) àN2(l)

o – , –, –
o –, + , –
o– , – , +
o+ , + , –
______________________________________________________________________________
Q24) When sodium hydroxide dissolves in water at 25°C, it releases 85 kJ of heat into the
surroundings. What is the change in entropy of the surroundings?

o +285 J/K
o -285 J/K
o +570 J/K
o -570 J/K
_____________________________________________________________________________
Q25) A chemical cold pack absorbs 150 kJ of heat from the surroundings at 20°C.
What is the entropy change of the surroundings?

o +512 J/K
o -512 J/K
o +423 J/K
o -423 J/K
______________________________________________________________________________
Q26) When of steam condenses at 100°C, it releases 81.4 kJ of heat to the surroundings.
What is the entropy change of the surroundings?

o -122 J/K
o +122 J/K
o -218 J/K
o +218 J/K
______________________________________________________________________________

Name__________________________________________ 8
Homework-7 Dr. Shabbir 301 Due 12-01-2025

Q27) An electric heater transfers 500 kJ of heat into the room at 25°C. What is ΔSₛᵤᵣᵣ?

o +1678 J/K
o -1678 J/K
o +246 J/K
o -246 J/K
______________________________________________________________________________
Q28) Which statement about entropy is FALSE?

o Entropy increases as the number of accessible microstates increases.

o At absolute zero 0K a pure crystal would have an entropy of less than zero.
o Entropy of the surroundings decreases in an endothermic reaction.
o The change in entropy of the universe is positive for spontaneous reactions.
______________________________________________________________________________
Q29) Which of the following molecules would have a highest absolute molar entropy and
why?

o Butane, linear & larger molar mass

o Cyclobutane, symmetrical
o Cyclobutane, more degree of freedom Butane Cyclobutane

o Butane, more stable

______________________________________________________________________________
Q30) Which of the following scenarios involves the smallest amount of work done by the
system.

o The internal energy of the system increases by 30J and 80J of heat was added to the
system.

o The internal energy of the system increases by 80J and 40J of heat was loss by the
system.

o The internal energy of the system increases by 90J and 50J of heat was added to the
system.

o The internal energy of the system increases by 20J and 70J of heat was loss by the
system.
______________________________________________________________________________

Name__________________________________________ 9