Blood and Circulation:

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Chapter 3
Student’s book page 70-83
 The Circulatory
System

Two main types of

circulatory systems in The importance of
animal circulatory system

Single circulatory Double Three basic

system circulatory components of
system circulatory system

The heart Blood vessels Blood

What things are needed to be transported in our body?

● Oxygen (O2)
● Carbon dioxide (CO2)
● Nutrients
● Urea
● Hormones, antibodies, heat
 The circulation

From where to where?

1. Oxygen (O2): lungs → all body parts
2. Carbon dioxide (CO2) : all body partsto→where?
From where lungs
3. Nutrients: gut From
→ allwhere
body parts
to where?
4. Urea: liverFrom
→ kidney
where to where?
5. Hormones, antibodies, heat
 Why do we need circulatory system?

The ratio of supply to demand

surface area : volume

The area of the cell’s surface determines how much oxygen the
organism can get (the supply rate)

The volume of the cell determines how much oxygen the organism
uses (the demand rate)
 Two main types of circulatory systems in animal

Single circulatory system Double circulatory system

The blood is pump from the heart to the gas The blood is pumped from the heart to the
exchange organ and then directly to the rest gas exchange organ, back to the heart and
of the body. then to the rest of the body.
Steps to Create Your Guided Tour Video

● Read the book or notes about the circulatory system 72-80:

highlights and/ underline the pathway of blood, heart structure, types of blood vessels, and
functions of blood.
● Discuss in groups about the product and divide roles.
● Research and plan the blood flow pathway.
● Write the “tour guide” script.
● Design visuals, props, or animations.
● Rehearse and record the video (3–5 minutes).
● Edit and finalize your video.
● Submit the final video to the teacher.
● Complete the peer assessment scoring.
 The Heart
Read and highlight the structure of human heart:73-76
The heart structure:
[Link]
The heart function:
[Link]
The structure of human
heart
 M
A G

H H

The structure of human C J

heart
F I
D
L
B
E K
The function of human heart structure

superior& inferior
 The position of human heart
The human heart is located in the chest, slightly to the left side of the middle of your
body. It is protected by the rib cage and sits between the two lungs, resting on the
diaphragm.
Why is septum needed?
To divide into left and right side.

Why is the left ventricle thicker than the right one?

To give more pressure when pumping blood out to the whole body.

Why are the atria wall thin?

So they can be stretched to receives blood and can contract with
enough force to push blood to the ventricles through valves.

What is the importance of valves?

To ensure that blood can only flow in one direction.

What muscle tissue that form the walls of the heart?

Cardiac muscle tissue
Voluntary or involuntary? Means?
Involuntary - it contract and relax without becoming fatigued.
What blood vessel supplies oxygenated blood to the cardiac muscles tissues?
Coronary arteries
And what blood vessel bring the deoxygenated blood back to the right atrium?
Coronary veins.
 The Coronary Heart Disease
A condition where the coronary arteries become
narrowed or blocked due to plaque buildup,
restricting blood flow to the heart muscle.
Risk Factors:

● High cholesterol, High blood pressure, Smoking,

Obesity, Lack of physical activity, Diabetes, Family
history of heart disease

Prevention:

Healthy diet, Regular exercise, No smoking, Stress

management
Instruction
1. Read the book pg 76-77
2. Do the exercise in wordwall:
[Link]
 Structure of blood vessels in cross section

Thick wall with muscle Thin wall with little muscle

Lining and elastic tissue Capillary wall (one cell
fibers and elastic tissue
(endotelium) thick)
Lining
(endotelium)

Small lumen Large lumen

(central cavity) (central cavity)

Artery Vein Capillary

The veins Blood cannot flow
backward

Valve
Valve

Blood can flow in

this direction
Characteristics Arteries Veins Capillaries

Function

Pressure

Lumen diameter

Wall thickness

Valves

Location Deeper in the body

Contain of smooth High amount of smooth

muscle cell muscle
Lowest pressure Low pressure

No smooth muscle (made

of one cell thick)
 Blood composition

Red blood cells/ White blood cells/WBC Platelets

Plasma
RBC (Erythrocyte) (Leukocytes) (Thrombocytes)
 Blood composition

Red blood cells/ White blood cells/WBC Platelets

Plasma
RBC (Erythrocyte) (Leukocytes) (Thrombocytes)
● Function:
carries the ● function: to bind
● function: protect the body
blood cells oxygen & transport it.
against invasion by Fragment of large
around the ● Biconcave shape: to
disease-causing cells to produce
body, exchange oxygen at
microorganism (pathogens), chemicals, causes
dissolved faster rate.
nutrients,
such as bacteria and viruses. fibrinogen change
● No nucleus: to store
hormones, ● Two main ways: into fibrin. Fibrin
more haemoglobin
CO2,urea, phagocytosis (breakdown forms a network
● Contain haemoglobin:
distribute microorganisms), produces across the wound. It
iron-containing
heat. antibodies to stick to the prevents blood loss
protein & combines
● Liquid part of pathogen’s markers and pathogens entry.
with O2 →
blood, mainly (antigens) & destroy it.
oxyhaemoglobin.
water.
Watch
the
videos
Full name:
Class/ no:
Instruction: Lung
1. Label the parts shown by the letters.
2. Draw the arrows in the heart and the blood vessels start
from number 1 to show the direction of blood movement.

Superior vena cava G

Left
Right atrium H Atrium
Inferior vena cava F Left
1
ventricle
Right ventricle I
Aorta

Capillary
Discuss in your group:

Which one: Pulmonary vein

1. has the highest

pressure. D A
2. Has the high
pressure.
3. Has the low
pressure.
4. Has the lowest C B
pressure.

Give reason for your

answer.
The end