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Understanding Data Communication Systems

Data refers to information in various forms, including text, numbers, images, audio, and video, exchanged between devices through a communication system comprising hardware and software. The effectiveness of data communications relies on delivery, accuracy, timeliness, and jitter, which affect the quality of data transmission. A data communications system consists of five components: message, sender, receiver, transmission medium, and protocol, which ensures proper communication between devices.

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4 views2 pages

Understanding Data Communication Systems

Data refers to information in various forms, including text, numbers, images, audio, and video, exchanged between devices through a communication system comprising hardware and software. The effectiveness of data communications relies on delivery, accuracy, timeliness, and jitter, which affect the quality of data transmission. A data communications system consists of five components: message, sender, receiver, transmission medium, and protocol, which ensures proper communication between devices.

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hlobhai506
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© All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

The word data refers to information presented in whatever form is

agreed upon by the parties creating and using the data.


Data Representation: Information today comes in different forms such
as text, numbers, images, audio, and video
Data communications are the exchange of data between two devices
via some form of transmission medium such as a wire cable. For data
communications to occur, the communicating devices must be part of a
communication system made up of a combination of hardware (physical
equipment) and software (programs).
The effectiveness of a data communications system depends on four
fundamental characteristics: delivery, accuracy, timeliness, and jitter.
1. Delivery. The system must deliver data to the correct destination.
Data must be received by the intended device or user and only by that
device or user.
2. Accuracy. The system must deliver the data accurately. Data that
have been altered in transmission and left uncorrected are unusable.
3. Timeliness. The system must deliver data in a timely manner. Data
delivered late are useless. In the case of video and audio, timely delivery
means delivering data as they are produced, in the same order that they
are produced, and without significant delay. This kind of delivery is
called real-time transmission.
4. Jitter. Jitter refers to the variation in the packet arrival time. It is the
uneven delay in the delivery of audio or video packets. For example, let
us assume that video packets are sent every 3 ms. If some of the packets
arrive with 3-ms delay and others with 4-ms delay, an uneven quality in
the video is the result. Jitter tells about the inconsistency in our network
due to traffic or any other reason.
Components
A data communications system has five components (see Figure 1.1).

Figure 1.1 Five components of data communication


1. Message. The message is the information (data) to be communicated.
Popular forms of information include text, numbers, pictures, audio, and
video.
2. Sender. The sender is the device that sends the data message. It can
be a computer, workstation, telephone handset, video camera, and so on.
3. Receiver. The receiver is the device that receives the message. It can
be a computer,workstation, telephone handset, television, and so on.
4. Transmission medium. The transmission medium is the physical
path by which a message travels from sender to receiver. Some
examples of transmission media include twisted-pair wire, coaxial cable,
fiber-optic cable, and radio waves.
5. Protocol. A protocol is a set of rules that govern data
communications. It represents an agreement between the communicating
devices. Without a protocol, two devices may be connected but not
communicating, just as a person speaking French cannot be understood
by a person who speaks only Japanese.

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