Class VIII Science Annual Exam Paper
Class VIII Science Annual Exam Paper
Sex determination in an unborn baby is primarily genetic, involving the combination of X and Y chromosomes from the parents. An XX combination results in a female, and an XY combination results in a male. The father's sperm determines the sex of the child since it carries either an X or Y chromosome .
Petroleum jelly served as a combustible substance that decreased the ignition temperature requirement when smeared on cloth, allowing it to catch fire easily. This combustion property aided in starting the fire when the wood itself had too high an ignition temperature to ignite directly with a matchstick .
Oviparous animals lay eggs outside the mother's body, where the young develop and hatch, such as birds. In contrast, viviparous animals give birth to live young after developing inside the mother's body, such as humans .
Electroplating factories pose environmental concerns due to their use of hazardous chemicals and potential for heavy metal pollution, which can harm ecosystems if not properly managed. Additionally, they face logistical challenges in waste management and adherence to strict regulations to ensure safe disposal and treatment of effluents .
The process of electrically depositing one metal onto another is called electroplating. Its purpose is to improve corrosion resistance, increase aesthetic appeal, and reduce friction. This process is widely used in industries for protecting metals and enhancing the durability and appearance of various products .
Friction is deemed a 'necessary evil' because, while it can cause wear and tear and energy loss, it is essential for performing activities like walking or driving, where the grip prevents slippage. For example, the tires of a car rely on friction with the road to move forward and stop effectively .
Friction is essential for numerous everyday activities, such as walking, where it provides the grip needed to move without slipping. In the absence of friction, walking on the road would be impossible, automobiles would not be able to run on roads, and simple tasks like rubbing hands together for warmth would not work .
Chromium plating is widely used in automotive parts for its advantages in enhancing durability and appearance. It provides a decorative finish while also being corrosion-resistant, contributing to the longevity and aesthetic of the parts .
High ignition temperature implies that a significant amount of heat energy is required to initiate combustion. In the camp scenario, the wood could not be set on fire by the matchstick because the wood's ignition temperature was higher than the heat provided by the matchstick, thus preventing combustion .
Zinc is able to displace copper from a copper sulphate solution because zinc is more reactive than copper. The reactivity series of metals is a list indicating the reactivity of various metals, with more reactive metals able to displace less reactive metals from their compounds .