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Heat Measurement in Calorimetry

The document discusses the heat absorbed by calorimeter apparatus and its importance in calculating total heat during combustion reactions. It explains the different types of coal, from peat to anthracite, detailing their transformation through heat and pressure over time. The classification of coal reflects its maturity and physical characteristics, with anthracite being the hardest and most mature form.

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2 views26 pages

Heat Measurement in Calorimetry

The document discusses the heat absorbed by calorimeter apparatus and its importance in calculating total heat during combustion reactions. It explains the different types of coal, from peat to anthracite, detailing their transformation through heat and pressure over time. The classification of coal reflects its maturity and physical characteristics, with anthracite being the hardest and most mature form.

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divyaofficial1507
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© All Rights Reserved
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 { Heat absorbed by the apparatus: This can be determined by multiplying

the mass of the calorimeter's parts with their specific heat capacities, or more
commonly, it's calculated as part of the overall heat calculation after a
calibration experiment.

 Measures total heat:

It accounts for the heat absorbed by the calorimeter apparatus itself, not just
the water it contains. This provides a more accurate measurement of the total
heat released by the combustion reaction.

 Used in calculations:

The water equivalent is added to the mass of the water to find the total heat
capacity of the calorimeter system. This is used to determine the calorific
value of a fuel. }
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The different types of coal in increasing order of alteration are peat, lignite
(brown coal immature), sub-bituminous, bituminous and anthracite (mature).
Coal starts off as peat. After being subjected to heat and pressure for a
considerable amount of time, it is metamorphosed from peat to lignite. Lignite
is referred to as brown coal because it is somewhat light in color and it remains
soft. As time passes, lignite increases in maturity by becoming darker and
harder and is then classified as sub-bituminous coal. As this process of burial
and alteration continues, more chemical and physical changes occur and the
coal is classified as bituminous. At this point the coal is dark and
hard. Anthracite is the last stage of coal formation. Anthracite coal is very hard
and shiny
[Link]
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ETiG2_lLBO9Mty4Rig86fRsBl5fEL9QemGdqMYKe3lM_4Q?e=kwgsjy
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