C2 INTEGRATION Answers - Worksheet A

1 a = [2x2 − x] 13 b = [x3 + 2x] 10 c = [ 12 x2 − 1

3
x3] 30
= (18 − 3) − (2 − 1) = (1 + 2) − (0) = ( 92 − 9) − (0)
= 14 =3 = − 92

3
d = ∫2 (9x2 + 6x + 1) dx e = [ 13 x3 − 4x2 − 3x] 12 f = [8x − 2x2 + x3] −42

= [3x3 + 3x2 + x] 32 = ( 83 − 16 − 6) − ( 13 − 4 − 3) = (32 − 32 + 64) − (−16 − 8 − 8)

= (81 + 27 + 3) − (24 + 12 + 2) = −12 23 = 96
= 73

g = [ 14 x4 − x2 − 7x] 14 h = [5x + 1
3
x3 − x4] −−12 i = [ 15 x5 + 2x3 − 1
2
x2] −21
= (64 − 16 − 28) − ( 14 − 1 − 7) = (−5 − 13 −1) − (−10 − 83 −16) = ( 325 +16 − 2) − ( − 15 − 2 − 1
2
)
3
= 27 4
= 22 13 = 23 101

4
2 ∫1 (3x2 + ax − 5) dx = [x3 + 1
2
ax2 − 5x] 14
= (64 + 8a − 20) − (1 + 1
2
a − 5) = 48 + 15
2
a
∴ 48 + 15
2
a = 18
a = −4

k
3 ∫ −1 (3x2 − 12x + 9) dx = [x3 − 6x2 + 9x] −k1
= (k3 − 6k2 + 9k) − (−1 − 6 − 9) = k3 − 6k2 + 9k + 16
∴ k3 − 6k2 + 9k + 16 = 16
k(k2 − 6k + 9) = 0
k(k − 3)2 = 0
k≠0 ∴k=3

3 −1 3
4 a =∫ (2 − x−2) dx b =∫ (6x + 4x−3) dx c = [ 2x 2 − 4x] 14
1 −2

= [2x + x−1] 13 = [3x2 − 2x−2] −−12 = (16 − 16) − (2 − 4)

= (6 + 1
3
) − (2 + 1) = (3 − 2) − (12 − 1
2
) =2
= 10
3
= −10 12

2 2 3
d =∫ (2x3 − 1
2
) dx e = [ 12 x2 − 3
2
x 3 ] 18 f =∫ ( 13 x−2 − 2x) dx
−1 2

= [ 12 x4 − 1
2
x] −21 = (32 − 6) − ( 12 − 3
2
) = [ − 13 x−1 − x2] 32
= (8 − 1) − ( 12 + 1
2
) = 27 = ( − 19 − 9) − ( − 16 − 4)
=6 = −4 17
18

3
5 =∫ (3x2 − 6x + 7) dx
1

= [x3 − 3x2 + 7x] 13

= (27 − 27 + 21) − (1 − 3 + 7) = 16

 Solomon Press
C2 INTEGRATION Answers - Worksheet A page 2

2 1
6 a =∫ (x2 + 2) dx b =∫ (3x2 + 8x + 6) dx
0 −2

= [ 13 x3 + 2x] 02 = [x3 + 4x2 + 6x] −12

= ( 83 + 4) − 0 = 6 23 = (1 + 4 + 6) − (−8 + 16 − 12) = 15

4 0
c =∫ (9 + 2x − x2) dx d =∫ (x3 − 4x + 1) dx
2 −1

= [9x + x2 − 1 3 4
3
x ]2 = [ 14 x4 − 2x2 + x] −01
= (36 + 16 − 3 )−
64
(18 + 4 − 8
3
) = 11 13 = 0 − ( 14 − 2 − 1) = 11
4

4 1 −1
e =∫ (2x + 3x 2 ) dx f = ∫ −5 (3 + 5x−2) dx
1
3
= [x2 + 2x 2 ] 14 = [3x − 5x−1] −−15
= (16 + 16) − (1 + 2) = 29 = (−3 + 5) − (−15 + 1) = 16

7 a y = 0 ⇒ 4 − x2 = 0
x2 = 4
x=±2
∴ (−2, 0) and (2, 0)
2
b =∫ (4 − x2) dx
−2

= [4x − 1
3
x3] −22
= (8 − 8
3
) − (−8 + 8
3
)
2
= 10 3

1
8 a 6x − 3x2 = 0 b −x2 + 4x − 3 = 0 c 4 − 3x − x2 = 0 d 2x 2 − x = 0
1 1
3x(2 − x) = 0 −(x − 1)(x − 3) = 0 −(x + 4)(x − 1) = 0 x 2 (2 − x 2 ) = 0
1
x = 0, 2 x = 1, 3 x = −4, 1 x 2 = 0, 2
y y y x = 0, 4
y
O 1 3 x
O 0 2 x −4 O 1 x
O 0 4 x

area = area = area = area =

2 3 1 4 1

∫0 (6x − 3x2) dx ∫1 (−x2 + 4x − 3) dx ∫ −4 (4 − 3x − x2) dx ∫0 ( 2x 2 − x) dx

3
= [3x2 − x3] 02 = [ − 13 x3 + 2x2 − 3x] 13 = [4x − 3
2
x2 − 1
3
x3] −14 = [ 43 x 2 − 1
2
x2] 04
= (12 − 8) − 0 = (−9 + 18 − 9) = (4 − 3
2
− 1
3
) = ( 323 − 8) − 0
=4 − ( − 13 + 2 − 3) − (−16 − 24 + 64
3
) = 8
3

= 4
3
= 20 56

 Solomon Press
C2 INTEGRATION Answers - Worksheet A page 3

9 a x2 + 4x = 0 y 10 a x2 + 2x − 15 = 0
x(x + 4) = 0 (x + 5)(x − 3) = 0
x = −4, 0 x = −5, 3
−4 O x ∴ (−5, 0) and (3, 0)
2
b =∫ (x2 + 4x) dx b = [ 13 x3 + x2 − 15x] 30
0

= [ 13 x3 + 2x2] 02 = (9 + 9 − 45) − 0 = −27

=( 8
3
+ 8) − 0 = 10 2
3
c 27

11 a x3 − 5x2 + 6x = 0 12 a x2 − 3x + 4 = x + 1
x(x − 2)(x − 3) = 0 x2 − 4x + 3 = 0
x = 0, 2, 3 (x − 1)(x − 3) = 0
∴ (0, 0), (2, 0) and (3, 0) x = 1, 3
2
b ∫0 (x3 − 5x2 + 6x) dx ∴ (1, 2) and (3, 4)

= [ 14 x4 − 5
3
x3 + 3x2] 02 b area below curve
3
= (4 − 40
3
+ 12) − 0 = 8
3
= ∫1 (x2 − 3x + 4) dx
3
∫2 (x3 − 5x2 + 6x) dx = [ 13 x3 − 3
2
x2 + 4x] 13

= [ 14 x4 − 5
3
x3 + 3x2] 32 = (9 − 27
2
+ 12) − ( 13 − 3
2
+ 4) = 14
3

= ( 814 − 45 + 27) − 8
3
= − 125 area below line = 1
2
× 2 × (2 + 4) = 6
total area = 8
3
+ 5
12
= 3 121 shaded area = 6 − 14
3
= 4
3

13 a y b y
y = 6 − 2x y = 16

y = 9 − x2 y = x2 − 4x + 4 = (x − 2)2

O x O x

9 − x2 = 6 − 2x x2 − 4x + 4 = 16
x2 − 2x − 3 = 0 x2 − 4x − 12 = 0
(x + 1)(x − 3) = 0 (x + 2)(x − 6) = 0
x = −1, 3 x = −2, 6
∴ intersect at (−1, 8) and (3, 0) ∴ intersect at (−2, 16) and (6, 16)
area below curve area below curve
3 6
=∫ (9 − x2) dx =∫ (x2 − 4x + 4) dx
−1 −2

= [9x − 1
3
x3] −31 = [ 13 x3 − 2x2 + 4x] −62
= (27 − 9) − (−9 + 1
3
) = (72 − 72 + 24) − ( − 83 − 8 − 8)
= 26 23 = 42 23
area below line area below line
= 12 × 4 × 8 = 16 = 8 × 16 = 128
area between line and curve area between line and curve
= 26 23 − 16 = 10 23 = 128 − 42 23 = 85 13

 Solomon Press
C2 INTEGRATION Answers - Worksheet A page 4

c y = x2 − 5x − 6 ⇒ y = (x + 1)(x − 6) d x − 2y = 0 ⇒ y = 1
2
x
y y
x − 2y = 0

O x y= x
y = x − 11

y = x2 − 5x − 6 O x
1
x2 − 5x − 6 = x − 11 x2 = 1
2
x
1 1
x2 − 6x + 5 = 0 1
2
x 2 (2 − x 2 ) = 0
1
(x − 1)(x − 5) = 0 x 2 = 0, 2
x = 1, 5 x = 0, 4
∴ intersect at (1, −10) and (5, −6) ∴ intersect at (0, 0) and (4, 2)
area above curve area below curve
5 4 1
= −∫ (x2 − 5x − 6) dx =∫ x 2 dx
1 0
3
3 2
= −[ 13 x − 5
2
x − 6x] 15 = [ 23 x 2 ] 04
= −[( 125
3
− 125
2
− 30) − ( 13 − 5
2
− 6)] = 16
3
−0= 16
3

= 42 23 area below line

area above line = 1
2
×4×2=4
= 1
2
× 4 × (10 + 6) = 32 area between line and curve
area between line and curve = 16
3
−4= 4
3

= 42 23 − 32 = 10 23

 Solomon Press
C2 INTEGRATION Answers - Worksheet B

1 a f(x) = −[x2 − 4x] + 3 2 a = [−4x−2] 12

= −[(x − 2)2 − 4] + 3 = −1 − (−4)
= −(x − 2)2 + 7 =3
∴ a = −1, b = −2, c = 7 b y=1 ⇒ x=2
b (2, 7) y=8 ⇒ x=1
c intersect when
3 + 4x − x2 = 3
x(4 − x) = 0 7
x = 0, 4
area below curve
4
=∫ (3 + 4x − x2) dx 1 1
0
1
= [3x + 2x2 − 1 3 4
3
x ]0 shaded area
= (12 + 32 − = 64
3
)−0 68
3
= 3 − (1 × 1) + (7 × 1)
area below line =9
= 4 × 3 = 12
area between line and curve
= 683 − 12 = 10 23

dy 4 − x2
3 a = 5 − 4x 4 a =0
dx x2
grad = 1 4 − x2 = 0
∴ grad of normal = −1 x2 = 4
∴ y − 3 = −(x − 1) x > 0 ∴ x = 2, P (2, 0)
[ y = 4 − x] b l: y − 0 = −3(x − 2)
b area below curve y = 6 − 3x
1 4 − x2
=∫ (5x − 2x2) dx intersect when = 6 − 3x
0 x2
= [ 52 x2 − 2
3
x3] 10 4 − x2 = 6x2 − 3x3
= ( 52 − 2
3
)−0= 11
6
3x3 − 7x2 + 4 = 0
normal meets y-axis at (0, 4) x = 2 is a solution ∴ (x − 2) is a factor
area below line (x − 2)(3x2 − x − 2) = 0
= 12 × 1 × (4 + 3) = 72 (x − 2)(3x + 2)(x − 1) = 0
shaded area x = 2 (at P), − 23 , 1
= 7
2
− 11
6
= 5
3
x > 0 ∴ Q (1, 3)
c area below curve
2
=∫ (4x−2 − 1) dx
1

= [−4x−1 − x] 12
= (−2 − 2) − (−4 − 1) = 1
area below line
= 12 × 1 × 3 = 32
area between line and curve
= 32 − 1 = 12

 Solomon Press
C2 INTEGRATION Answers - Worksheet C

1 a
x 1 2 3 4
3 3
y 3 2 1 4

b = 1
2
× 1 × [3 + 3
4
+ 2( 32 + 1)] = 4 83
c the true area is less
the curve passes below the top of each trapezium as shown:

2 a y

O
( − 23 , 0) (0, 0) x

b x 0 0.5 1 1.5 2
x(3x + 2) 0 1.75 5 9.75 16
area ≈ 1
2
× 0.5 × [0 + 16 + 2(1.75 + 5 + 9.75)] = 12.25
2
c = ∫0 (3x2 + 2x) dx = [x3 + x2] 02 = (8 + 4) − 0 = 12
12.25 − 12
d % error = 12
× 100% = 2.08% (3sf)

3 a x 4 5 6
3 1 3 3
2x + 1 3 11 13

∴ area ≈ 1
2
× 1 × [ 13 + 3
13
+ 2( 113 )] = 0.555 (3sf)

b x 0 1 2 3
lg (x2 + 9) lg 9 lg 10 lg 13 lg 18
∴ area ≈ 1
2
× 1 × [lg 9 + lg 18 + 2(lg 10 + lg 13)] = 3.22 (3sf)
π π 3π
c x 0 4 2 4
π
2
x sin x 0 0.436 2.467 3.926 0
π
∴ area ≈ 1
2
× 4
× [0 + 0 + 2(0.436 + 2.467 + 3.926)] = 5.36 (3sf)

d x −2 −1 0 1 2
3 3 3 3 3
2x + 5 1 3 5 7 9
3
∴ area ≈ 1
2
× 1 × [1 + 9 + 2( 3 3 + 3
5 + 3
7 )] = 6.61 (3sf)

4 a x 0 1 2 3
3x 1 3 9 27
∴ area ≈ 1
2
× 1 × [1 + 27 + 2(3 + 9)] = 26

b x 2 2.2 2.4
sin (lg x) 0.2965 0.3358 0.3711
∴ area ≈ 1
2
× 0.2 × [0.2965 + 0.3711 + 2(0.3358)] = 0.134 (3sf)

 Solomon Press
C2 INTEGRATION Answers - Worksheet C page 2

c x 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

x
3
0 0.04998 0.09960 0.14800 0.19380 0.23529
x +2
∴ area ≈ 1
2
× 0.1 × [0 + 0.23529 + 2(0.04998 + 0.09960 + 0.14800 + 0.19380)] = 0.0609 (3sf)
π π π 2π
d x 0 6 3 2 3

cos ( 12 x) 1 0.9828 0.9306 0.8409 0.7071

π
∴ area ≈ 1
2
× 6
× [1 + 0.7071 + 2(0.9828 + 0.9306 + 0.8409)] = 1.89 (3sf)

5 a x 3 3.8 4.6 5.4 6.2 7

− 12
2 – 3x 0.2679 0.4610 0.6012 0.7090 0.7952 0.8661
area ≈ 1
2
× 0.8 × [0.2679 + 0.8661 + 2(0.4610 + 0.6012 + 0.7090 + 0.7952)] = 2.51 (3sf)
7 −1
b = ∫3 (2 – 3x 2 ) dx
1
= [2x − 6x 2 ] 37 = (14 − 6 7 ) − (6 − 6 3 ) = 8 + 6( 3 − 7)

6 a x 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

sin x2 0 0.03999 0.15932 0.35227 0.59720 0.84147
area ≈ 1
2
× 0.2 × [0 + 0.84147 + 2(0.03999 + 0.15932 + 0.35227 + 0.59720)] = 0.3139
b area of rectangle = 1 × 0.8415 = 0.8415
∴ area of flower bed ≈ 0.8415 − 0.3139 = 0.53 m2

x x x
7 a = 1 + 6( ) + 6×5
2
( )2 + 6×5× 4
3×2
( )3 + …
2 2 2
= 1 + 3x + 15
4
x2 + 5
2
x3 + …
0.5
b area ≈ ∫0 (1 + 3x + 15
4
x2 + 5
2
x3) dx

= [x + 3
2
x2 + 5
4
x3 + 5
8
x4] 0.5
0

= ( 12 + 3
8
+ 5
32
+ 5
128
) − 0 = 1.07 (3sf)
c x 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
x
(1 + )6 1 1.3401 1.7716 2.3131 2.9860 3.8147
2
area ≈ 1
2
× 0.1 × [1 + 3.8147 + 2(1.3401 + 1.7716 + 2.3131 + 2.9860)] = 1.08 (3sf)

dy
8 a = 2x − 16x−2
dx
SP: 2x − 16x−2 = 0
x3 = 8
x=2
when x = 2, y = 4 + 8 = 12 ∴ SP (2, 12)
b x 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
2 16
x + 12 12.65 14.333 16.821 20
x
area ≈ 1
2
× 0.5 × [12 + 20 + 2(12.65 + 14.333 + 16.821)] = 29.9 (3sf)
c over-estimate

 Solomon Press
C2 INTEGRATION Answers - Worksheet D

1 a = [−2x−1] 14 2 a x 0 2 4 6
= − 12 − (−2) x2 + 4 2 8 20 40
= 3
2
area ≈ 1
2
× 2 × [2 + 40 + 2( 8 + 20 )]
2
b = ∫0 (x2 − 6x + 9) dx = 22.9 (3sf)

= [ 13 x3 − 3x2 + 9x] 02 b over-estimate

=( 8
3
− 12 + 18) − 0 curve passes below top of each trapezium
= 8 23

1 1 3
3 a =3 2 − 4 a 4x 2 − x 2 = 0
2
1
=3 2 − 1
2
2 x 2 (4 − x) = 0
1
5
= 2
2 x 2 = 0 [⇒ x = 0, at O] or x = 4
4 1 −1
b ∫3 ( 3x 2 − x 2 ) dx ∴ A (4, 0)
3 1 dy − 12 1
= [ 2x 2 − 2x 2 ] 34 b = 2x − 3
2
x2
dx
− 12 1
= [16 − 4] − [(2 × 3 3 ) − 2 3 ] SP: 2x − 3
2
x2 = 0
− 12
= 12 − 4 3 1
2
x (4 − 3x) = 0
− 12
x = 0 ⇒ no solutions
∴ x= 4
3
at B
4 1 3
c =∫ ( 4x 2 − x 2 ) dx
0
3 5
= [ 83 x 2 − 2
5
x 2 ] 04
= ( 643 − 64
5
) − 0 = 8 158

5 a p = − 14 , q = 4 6 a 4x − y + 11 = 0 ⇒ y = 4x + 11
b y intersect when 2x2 + 6x + 7 = 4x + 11
x2 + x − 2 = 0
(x + 2)(x − 1) = 0
x = −2, 1
4 ∴ (−2, 3) and (1, 15)
b area below curve
1
− 14 O x =∫ (2x2 + 6x + 7) dx
−2

c x 1 3
2
2 5
2
3 = [ 23 x3 + 3x2 + 7x] −12
1
4+ 5 4 23 4 12 4 52 4 13 = ( 23 + 3 + 7) − ( − 163 + 12 − 14) = 18
x
area ≈ 1
2
× 12 × [5 + 4 13 + 2( 4 23 + 4 12 + 4 52 )] area below line
= 9 607 or 9.12 (3sf) = 12 × 3 × (3 + 15) = 27
area between line and curve
= 27 − 18 = 9

 Solomon Press
C2 INTEGRATION Answers - Worksheet D page 2

7 a minimum when sin x = 1

∴ x = π2
∴ ( π2 , 1
2
)
π π
b x 0 6 3
1
1 0.6667 0.5359
1 + sin x
π
∴ area ≈ 1
2
× 6
× [1 + 0.5359 + 2(0.6667)] = 0.751 (3sf)

x 12×11 x 2 12×11×10 x 3
8 a = 1 + 12( ) + 2
( ) + 3× 2
( ) +…
10 10 10
=1+ 6
5
x+ 33
50
x2 + 11
50
x3 + …
1
b ≈ ∫0 (1 + 6
5
x+ 33
50
x2 + 11
50
x3) dx

= [x + 3
5
x2 + 11
50
x3 + 11
200
x4] 10
= (1 + 3
5
+ 11
50
+ 11
200
) − 0 = 1 78

9 a at A, x = 0 ⇒ (0, 2)
dy
= −1 − 2x
dx
grad at A = −1
∴ y=2−x
b curve cuts x-axis when y = 0
2 − x − x2 = 0
(2 + x)(1 − x) = 0
x = −2, 1
area below curve
1
=∫ (2 − x − x2) dx
0

= [2x − 1
2
x2 − 1
3
x3] 10
= (2 − 12 − 13 ) − 0 = 76
tangent cuts x-axis when y = 0
x=2
area below line
= 12 × 2 × 2 = 2
shaded area
= 2 − 76
5
= 6

 Solomon Press
C2 INTEGRATION Answers - Worksheet E

2
1 a at A, x = 0 ∴ A (0, 4) 2 = ∫1 ( 32 x + 1
2
x−2) dx

at B, y = 0 = [ 34 x2 − 1
2
x−1] 12
1
( x 2 − 2)2 = 0 = (3 − 1
4
) − ( 34 − 1
2
)
1
5
x =2
2
= 2
x = 4 ∴ B (4, 0)
4 1
b =∫ (x − 4x 2 + 4) dx
0
3
= [ 12 x2 − 8
3
x 2 + 4x] 04
= (8 − 64
3
+ 16) − 0
8
= 3

3 a 4x + 1 = 32 4 a at A, x2 − 2x = 0
(22)x + 1 = 25 x(x − 2) = 0
2x + 2 = 5 x = 0 (at O) or 2 ∴ A (2, 0)
x = 32 at B, x2 − 2x = x
b x 0 1
2
1 3
2
x(x − 3) = 0
x+1
4 4 8 16 32 x = 0 (at O) or 3 ∴ B (3, 3)
2
∴ area ≈ 1
2
× 1
2
× [4 + 32 + 2(8 + 16)] b ∫0 (x2 − 2x) dx

= 21 = [ 13 x3 − x2] 02
= ( 83 − 4) − 0 = − 43
∴ area = 43
c area below curve between A and B
3
=∫ (x2 − 2x) dx
2

= [ 13 x3 − x2] 32
= (9 − 9) − ( − 43 ) = 43
area below straight line OB
= 12 × 3 × 3 = 92
area between curve and line
= 92 − 43 + 43
9
= 2

 Solomon Press
C2 INTEGRATION Answers - Worksheet E page 2

k
5 a 6 ∫1 (3 − 4x−2) dx

x 0 π
6
π
3
π
2
= [3x + 4x−1] 1k
4
y 1 1.319 1.024 0 = (3k + ) − (3 + 4)
k
4
b ≈ 1
2
× π6 ×[1 + 0 + 2(1.319 + 1.024)] ∴ 3k + −7=6
k
= 1.49 (3sf) 3k2 − 13k + 4 = 0
c under-estimate (3k − 1)(k − 4) = 0
curve passes above top of each trapezium k>1 ∴k=4

dy
7 a = 3x2 − 6x 8 a (2, 0)
dx
SP: 3x2 − 6x = 0 b x 0 1
2
1 3
2
2
3
3x(x − 2) = 0 (2 − x) 8 27
8
1 1
8
0
x = 0 (at P) or 2 area ≈ 1
2
× × [8 + 0 + 2(
1
2
27
8
+1+ 1
8
)]
∴ Q (2, 1) = 4 14
b x3 − 3x2 + 5 = 5 c = 23 + 3(22)(−x) + 3(2)(−x)2 + (−x)3
x2(x − 3) = 0 = 8 − 12x + 6x2 − x3
2
x = 0 (at P) or 3 d area = ∫0 (8 − 12x + 6x2 − x3) dx

∴ R (3, 5) = [8x − 6x2 + 2x3 − 1

4
x4] 02
c area below curve = (16 − 24 + 16 − 4) − 0
3
=∫ 3 2
(x − 3x + 5) dx =4
0

4 14 − 4
= [ 14 x4 − x3 + 5x] 30 ∴ % error = × 100% = 6.25%
4
= ( 814 − 27 + 15) − 0 = 33
4
area below line
= 3 × 5 = 15
shaded area
= 15 − 334
= 6 34

 Solomon Press