Here are the exercises from the first five lessons of the provided textbook, complete with

answers. Unit 1: Measurement I. Choose the best answer.

●​ Which one of the following systems of unit is the British System of unit? a) CGS b) MKS
c) FPS d) SI Answer: c) FPS
●​ Electric current is a ______quantity. a) base b) supplementary c) derived d) professional
Answer: a) base
●​ SI unit of temperature is ______. a) celsius b) fahrenheit c) kelvin d) ampere Answer: c)
kelvin
●​ Luminous intensity is the intensity of ______. a) laser light b) UV light c) visible light d) IR
light Answer: c) visible light
●​ Closeness of two or more measured values is called as ______. a) accuracy b) precision
c) error d) approximation Answer: b) precision
●​ Which one of the following statement is wrong? a) Approximation gives accurate value. b)
Approximation simplifies the calculation. c) Approximation is very useful when little
information is available. d) Approximation gives the nearest value only. Answer: a)
Approximation gives accurate value. II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ The solid angle is measured in steradian.
●​ The coldness or hotness of a substance is expressed by temperature.
●​ Ammeter is used to measure electric current.
●​ One mole of a substance contains 6.023 \times 10^{23} atoms or molecules.
●​ The uncertainty in measurement is called as error.
●​ The closeness of the measured value to the original value is accuracy.
●​ The intersection of two straight lines gives us plane angle. IV. Match the following.
1.​ Temperature - Measure of hotness or coldness
2.​ Plane angle - Angle formed by the intersection of two lines
3.​ Solid angle - Angle formed by the intersection of three or more planes at a point
4.​ Accuracy - Closeness to the actual value
5.​ Precision - Closeness to two or more measurements
Unit 2: Force and Pressure I. Choose the best answer.
●​ If we apply force against the direction of motion of the body, then the body will a) stop
moving b) move with an increased speed c) move with a decreased speed d) move in a
different direction Answer: a) stop moving
●​ Pressure exerted by a liquid is increased by a) the density of the liquid b) the height of the
liquid column c) Both a and b d) None of the above Answer: c) Both a and b
●​ Unit of pressure is a) Pascal b) Nm^{-2} c) Poise d) Both a and b Answer: d) Both a and b
●​ The value of the atmospheric pressure at sea level is a) 76 cm of mercury column b) 760
cm of mercury column c) 176 cm of mercury column d) 7.6 cm of mercury column Answer:
a) 76 cm of mercury column
●​ Pascal’s law is used in a) hydraulic lift b) brake system c) pressing heavy bundles d) All
the above Answer: d) All the above
●​ Which of the following liquids has more viscosity? a) Grease b) Water c) Coconut oil d)
Ghee Answer: d) Ghee
●​ The unit of viscosity is a) Nm^2 b) poise c) kgms^{-1} d) No unit Answer: b) poise II. Fill in
the blanks.
●​ The pressure of a liquid column increases with the depth of the column.
●​ Hydraulic lift works under the principle of Pascal’s law.
●​ The property of surface tension of a liquid surface enables the water droplets to move
upward in plants.
 ●​ A simple barometer was first constructed by Torricelli. IV. Match the following. a.
1.​ Static friction - Objects are at rest
2.​ Kinetic friction - Objects are in motion
3.​ Rolling friction - Least friction
4.​ Friction between the liquid layers - Viscosity
5.​ Sliding friction - Objects are sliding b.
6.​ Barometer - Atmospheric pressure
7.​ Increasing area of contact - increases friction
8.​ Decreasing area of contact - decreases friction
9.​ Lubricants - reduce friction
10.​Irregular surface - cause of friction
Unit 3: Light I. Choose the best answer.
●​ Which of the following has curved reflecting surface? a) plane mirrors b) spherical mirrors
c) simple mirrors d) None of the above Answer: b) spherical mirrors
●​ The spherical mirror with a reflecting surface curved inward is called a) convex mirror b)
concave mirror c) curved mirror d) None of the above Answer: b) concave mirror
●​ The spherical mirror used as a rear view mirror in the vehicle is a) concave mirror b)
convex mirror c) plane mirror d) None of the above Answer: b) convex mirror
●​ The imaginary line passing through the centre of curvature and pole of a spherical mirror
is called a) centre of curvature b) pole c) principal axis d) radius curvature Answer: c)
principal axis
●​ The distance from the pole to the focus is called a) pole length b) focal length c) principal
axis d) None of the above Answer: b) focal length
●​ If the image and object distance is same, then the object is placed at a) infinity b) at F c)
between f and P d) at C Answer: d) at C
●​ If the focal length of a spherical mirror is 10 cm, what is the value of its radius of
curvature? a) 10 cm b) 5 cm c) 20 cm d) 15 cm Answer: c) 20 cm II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ The spherical mirror used in a beauty parlour as make-up mirror is concave mirror.
●​ Geometric centre of the spherical mirror is pole.
●​ Nature of the images formed by a convex mirror is virtual and erect.
●​ The mirror used by the ophthalmologist to examine the eye is concave mirror.
●​ If the angle of incidence is 45°, then the angle of reflection is 45°.
●​ If an object is placed between two mirrors which are parallel to each other, the number of
images formed is infinite. III. Match the following.
1.​ Convex mirror - Rear – view mirror
2.​ Parabolic mirror - Radio telescopes
3.​ Snell’s law - sin i/sin r = \mu
4.​ Dispersion of light - Rainbow
5.​ Refractive index - Bending of light
Unit 4: Heat I. Choose the best answer.
●​ Heat is a form of ________. a) electrical energy b) gravitational energy c) thermal energy
d) None of these Answer: c) thermal energy
●​ If you apply some heat energy to a substance, which of the following can take place in it?
a) Expansion b) Increase in temperature c) Change of state d) All the above. Answer: d)
All the above.
●​ Which of the following substances will absorb more heat energy? a) Solid b) Liquid c) Gas
d) All the above Answer: c) Gas
●​ If you apply equal amount of heat to a solid, liquid and gas individually, which of the
 following will have more expansion? a) Solid b) Liquid c) Gas d) All of them Answer: c)
Gas
●​ The process of converting a liquid into a solid is called_________. a) sublimation b)
condensation c) freezing d) deposition Answer: c) freezing
●​ Conduction is the way of heat transfer which takes place in a____________. a) solid b)
liquid c) gas d) All of them Answer: a) solid II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ A calorimeter is a device used to measure the amount of heat.
●​ Specific heat capacity is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature
of 1kg of a substance by 1°C.
●​ A thermostat is a device which maintains temperature.
●​ The process of converting a substance from gaseous state to solid state is called
deposition.
●​ If you apply heat energy, the temperature of a system will increase.
●​ If the temperature of a liquid in a container is decreased, then the interatomic distance will
decrease. IV. Match the following.
1.​ Conduction - Solid
2.​ Convection - Liquid
3.​ Radiation - Vaccum
4.​ Sublimation - Solid to gas
5.​ Condensation - Gas to liquid
Unit 5: Electricity I. Choose the best answer.
●​ When an ebonite rod is rubbed with fur, the charge acquired by the fur is a) negative b)
positive c) partly positive and partly negative d) None of these Answer: b) positive
●​ The electrification of two different bodies on rubbing is because of the transfer of a)
neutrons b) protons c) electrons d) protons and neutrons Answer: c) electrons
●​ Which of the following a simple circuit must have? a) Energy source, Battery, Load b)
Energy source, Wire, Load c) Energy source, Wire, Switch d) Battery, Wire, Switch
Answer: b) Energy source, Wire, Load
●​ An electroscope has been charged by induction with the help of charged glassrod. The
charge on the electroscope is a) negative b) positive c) both positive and negative d)
None of the above Answer: a) negative
●​ Fuse is a) a switch b) a wire with low resistance c) a wire with high resistance d) a
protective device for breaking an electric circuit Answer: d) a protective device for
breaking an electric circuit II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ Transfer by friction takes place by rubbing objects together.
●​ The body which has lost electrons becomes positively charged.
●​ Lightning arrester is a device that protects building from lightning strike.
●​ Fuse has a thin metallic filament that melts and breaks the connection when the circuit is
overheated.
●​ Three bulbs are connected end to end from the battery. This connection is called series
circuit. IV. Match the following.
1.​ Two similar charges - repel each other
2.​ Two dissimilar charges - attract each other
3.​ When glass rod is rubbed with silk - acquires a positive charge
4.​ When ebonite rod is rubbed with fur - acquires a negative charge
5.​ Fuse - prevents a circuit from overheating
Of course, here are the exercises for the next three lessons. Unit 6: Sound I. Choose the best
answer.
 ●​ Sound waves travel very fast in a) air b) metals c) vacuum d) liquids Answer: b) metals
●​ Which of the following are the characteristics of vibrations? i. Frequency ii. Time period iii.
Pitch iv. Loudness a) i and ii b) ii and iii c) iii and iv d) i and iv Answer: a) i and ii
●​ The amplitude of the sound wave decides its a) speed b) pitch c) loudness d) frequency
Answer: c) loudness
●​ What kind of musical instrument is a sitar? a) String instrument b) Percussion instrument
c) Wind instrument d) None of these Answer: a) String instrument
●​ Find the odd one out. a) Harmonium b) Flute c) Nadaswaram d) Violin Answer: d) Violin
(The others are wind/reed instruments, while the violin is a stringed instrument.)
●​ Noise is produced by a) vibrations with high frequency. b) regular vibrations. c) regular
and periodic vibrations. d) irregular and non-periodic vibrations. Answer: d) irregular and
non-periodic vibrations.
●​ The range of audible frequency for the human ear is a) 2 Hz to 2000 Hz b) 20 Hz to 2000
Hz c) 20 Hz to 20000 Hz d) 200 Hz to 20000 Hz Answer: c) 20 Hz to 20000 Hz
●​ If the amplitude and frequency of a sound wave are increased, which of the following is
true? a) Loudness increases and pitch is higher. b) Loudness increases and pitch is
unchanged. c) Loudness increases and pitch is lower. d) Loudness decreases and pitch is
lower. Answer: a) Loudness increases and pitch is higher.
●​ Which of the following may be caused by noise? a) Irritation b) Stress c) Nervousness d)
All the above Answer: d) All the above II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ Sound is produced by vibrations.
●​ The vibrations of a simple pendulum are also known as oscillations.
●​ Sound travels in the form of waves.
●​ High frequency sounds that cannot be heard by you are called ultrasonics.
●​ Pitch of a sound depends on the frequency of vibration.
●​ If the thickness of a vibrating string is increased, its pitch decreases. III. Match the
following.
1.​ Ultrasonics - Frequency more than 20000 Hz
2.​ Speed of sound in air - 330ms^{-1}
3.​ Infrasonics - Frequency below 20Hz
4.​ Sound propagation - Needs material medium
Unit 7: Magnetism I. Choose the best answer.
●​ A magnet attracts __________. a) wooden materials b) any metal c) copper d) iron and
steel Answer: d) iron and steel
●​ One of the following is an example for a permanent magnet. a) Electromagnet b) Mumetal
c) Soft iron d) Neodymium Answer: d) Neodymium
●​ The south pole of a bar magnet and the north pole of a U-shaped magnet will
__________. a) attract each other b) repel each other c) neither attract nor repel each
other d) None of the above Answer: a) attract each other
●​ The shape of the Earth’s magnetic field resembles that of an imaginary __________. a)
U-shaped magnet b) straight conductor carrying current c) solenoid coil d) bar magnet
Answer: d) bar magnet
●​ MRI stands for __________. a) Magnetic Resonance Imaging b) Magnetic Running
Image c) Magnetic Radio Imaging d) Magnetic Radar Imaging Answer: a) Magnetic
Resonance Imaging
●​ A compass is used for __________ a) plotting magnetic lines b) detection of magnetic
field c) navigation d) All of these Answer: d) All of these II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ The magnetic strength is maximum at the poles.
 ●​ A magnet has two magnetic poles.
●​ Magnets are used in dynamos for generating electricity.
●​ Electromagnets are used to lift heavy iron pieces.
●​ A freely suspended bar magnet is always pointing along the geographic north-south
direction. III. Match the following.
1.​ Magnetite - Natural magnet
2.​ A tiny pivoted magnet - Compass box
3.​ Cobalt - Ferromagnetic material
4.​ Closed curves - Magnetic lines
5.​ Bismuth - Diamagnetic material
Unit 8: Universe and Space Science I. Choose the best answer.
●​ Which of the following is a celestial body? a) Sun b) Moon c) Stars d) All the above
Answer: d) All the above
●​ Mangalyaan was sent to ________. a) Moon b) Mars c) Venus d) Mercury Answer: b)
Mars
●​ Chandrayaan - 1 was launched on a) 22nd October 2008 b) 8th November 2008 c) 22nd
July 2019 d) 22nd October 2019 Answer: a) 22nd October 2008
●​ ________ is called as Red planet. a) Mercury b) Venus c) Earth d) Mars Answer: d) Mars
●​ Which of the following is the working principle of rockets? a) Newton’s first law b)
Newton’s second law c) Newton’s third law d) All of the above Answer: c) Newton’s third
law
●​ Cryogenic fuels are stored at a) room temperature b) low temperature c) very low
temperature d) very high temperature Answer: c) very low temperature
●​ ________ was the first manned mission of NASA to go to the Moon. a) Apollo-5 b)
Apollo-8 c) Apollo-10 d) Apollo-11 Answer: b) Apollo-8 II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ The study about stars and planets is known as astronomy.
●​ Our sun belongs to Milky Way Galaxy.
●​ Mars revolves around the Sun once in 687 days.
●​ Mangalyaan is India’s first interplanetary mission.
●​ Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the surface of the Moon. IV. Match the
following.
1.​ Chandrayaan - Moon
2.​ Mangalyaan - Mars
3.​ Cryogenic - Fuel
4.​ Apollo - 8 - First manned mission to the moon
5.​ Apollo - 11 - First man landing mission to the moon
Here are the exercises for the next three lessons. Unit 9: Matter Around Us I. Choose the best
answer.
●​ The liquid metal used in thermometers is a) copper b) mercury c) silver d) gold Answer: b)
mercury
●​ The pictorial symbol for water given by the alchemists was a) ▲ b) ▼ c) nabla d) △
Answer: c) ∇ (A downward-pointing triangle)
●​ Which one of the following element name is not derived from planet? a) Plutonium b)
Neptunium c) Uranium d) Mercury Answer: d) Mercury (It was named after the
mythological character, God Mercury)
●​ Symbol of mercury is a) Ag b) Hg c) Au d) Pb Answer: b) Hg
●​ A form of non-metal which has high ductility is a) nitrogen b) oxygen c) chlorine d) carbon
Answer: d) carbon (in the form of carbon fibre)
 ●​ The property which allows the metals to be hammered into their sheets is ___________
a) ductility b) malleability c) conductivity d) shining strength Answer: b) malleability
●​ The non-metal which conducts electric current is a) carbon b) oxygen c) aluminium d)
sulphur Answer: a) carbon (in the form of graphite)
●​ Pencil lead contains a) graphite b) diamond c) aluminium d) sulphur Answer: a) graphite
●​ Identify the state of matter based on the arrangement of the molecules. a) A - Gas, B -
Solid, C - Liquid b) A - Liquid, B - Solid, C - Gas c) A - Gas, B - Solid, C - Liquid d) A -
Liquid, B - Gas, C - Solid Answer: c) A - Gas, B - Solid, C - Liquid II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ The element which possesses the character of both metals and non metals are called
metalloids.
●​ The symbol of tungsten is W.
●​ Melting point of most metal is higher than non-metal.
●​ Water contains Hydrogen and Oxygen element.
●​ Silicon is used as semiconductor. III. Match the following. a.
1.​ Iron - Sewing needle
2.​ Copper - For making wires
3.​ Tungsten - Making the filament of a bulb
4.​ Boron - As a fuel for ignition in rocket b.
5.​ Atom - Building block of matter
6.​ Element - Smallest unit of a substance
7.​ Compound - Atoms of different kinds
8.​ Molecule - More than one atom
Unit 10: Changes Around Us I. Choose the best answer.
●​ Burning of paper is a __________ change. a) physical b) chemical c) physical and
chemical d) neutral Answer: b) chemical
●​ Burning of matchstick is an example for chemical reaction caused by __________ a)
contact in physical states b) electricity c) light d) catalyst Answer: a) contact in physical
states
●​ __________ undergoes rusting. a) Tin b) Sodium c) Copper d) Iron Answer: d) Iron
●​ The pigment responsible for browning of apples is __________. a) hydrated iron (II) oxide
b) melanin c) starch d) ozone Answer: b) melanin
●​ Brine is a concentrated solution of __________. a) sodium sulphate b) sodium chloride c)
calcium chloride d) sodium bromide Answer: b) sodium chloride
●​ Limestone contains __________ mainly. a) calcium chloride b) calcium carbonate c)
calcium nitrate d) calcium sulphate Answer: b) calcium carbonate
●​ Which of the following factor induces electrolysis? a) Heat b) Light c) Electricity d)
Catalysis Answer: c) Electricity
●​ In Haber’s process of producing ammonia __________ is used as a catalyst. a) nitrogen
b) hydrogen c) iron d) nickel Answer: c) iron
●​ Dissolved gases like sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in rain water causes
__________ a) acid rain b) base rain c) heavy rain d) neutral rain Answer: a) acid rain
●​ __________ is/are responsible for global warming. a) Carbon dioxide b) Methane c)
Chlorofluorocarbons d) Carbon dioxide, Methane, Chlorofluorocarbons Answer: d) Carbon
dioxide, Methane, Chlorofluorocarbons II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction that takes place in the presence of light.
●​ Iron objects undergo rusting when exposed to water and oxygen.
●​ Ammonia is the basic material to manufacture urea.
●​ Electrolysis of brine solution gives chlorine and hydrogen gases.
 ●​ Catalyst is a chemical substance which alters the speed of a chemical reaction.
●​ Polyphenol oxidase or tyrosinase is the enzyme responsible for browning of vegetables
and fruits. IV. Match the following. a.
1.​ Rusting - Iron
2.​ Electrolysis - Brine
3.​ Thermolysis - Decomposition of limestone
4.​ Food - Photosynthesis
5.​ Catalysis - Haber’s process b.
6.​ Spoilage - Chemical reaction
7.​ Ozone - Oxygen
8.​ Tarnishing - Decomposition
9.​ Yeast - Biocatalyst
10.​Calcium oxide - Manufacturing cement and glass
Unit 11: Air I. Choose the best answer.
●​ Which of the following is true about oxygen? a) Completely burning gas b) Partially
burning gas c) Doesn’t support burning d) Supports burning Answer: d) Supports burning
●​ Aerated water contains a) air b) oxygen c) carbon dioxide d) nitrogen Answer: c) carbon
dioxide
●​ Solvay process is a method to manufacture a) lime water b) aerated water c) distilled
water d) sodium carbonate Answer: d) sodium carbonate
●​ Carbon dioxide with water changes a) blue litmus to red b) red litmus to blue c) blue
litmus to yellow d) doesn’t react with litmus Answer: a) blue litmus to red
●​ Which of the following is known as azote? a) Oxygen b) Nitrogen c) Sulpher d) Carbon
dioxide Answer: b) Nitrogen II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ Oxygen is called as vital life.
●​ Nitrogen is lighter than air.
●​ Nitrogen / Ammonia is used as a fertilizer.
●​ Dry ice is used as a coolant.
●​ The process of conversion of iron into hydrated form of oxides is called rusting. III. Match
the following.
1.​ Nitrogen - Fertilizer
2.​ Oxygen - Respiration in living animals
3.​ Carbon dioxide - Fire extinguisher
4.​ Dry ice - Coolant
Of course, here are the exercises for the next lesson. Unit 12: Atomic Structure I. Choose the
best answer.
●​ The same proportion of carbon and oxygen in the carbon dioxide obtained from different
sources proves the law of __________ a) reciprocal proportion b) definite proportion c)
multiple proportion d) conservation of mass Answer: b) definite proportion
●​ Cathode rays are made up of a) neutral particles b) positively charged particles c)
negatively charged particles d) None of the above Answer: c) negatively charged particles
●​ In water, hydrogen and oxygen are combined in the ratio of _______by mass. a) 1:8 b)
8:1 c) 2:3 d) 1:3 Answer: a) 1:8
●​ Which of the following statements made by Dalton has not undergone any change? a)
Atoms cannot be broken. b) Atoms combine in small, whole numbers to form compounds.
c) Elements are made up of atoms. d) All atoms of an elements are alike Answer: b)
Atoms combine in small, whole numbers to form compounds.
●​ In all atoms of an element a) the atomic and the mass number are same. b) the mass
 number is same and the atomic number is different. c) the atomic number is same and the
mass number is different d) both atomic and mass numbers may vary. Answer: c) the
atomic number is same and the mass number is different (due to isotopes) II. Fill in the
blanks.
●​ Atom is the smallest particle of an element.
●​ An element is composed of identical atoms.
●​ An atom is made up of proton, electron and neutron.
●​ A negatively charged ion is called anion, while positively charged ion is called cation.
●​ Electron is a negatively charged particle (Electron/Proton).
●​ Proton is deflected towards the negatively charged plate (positively, negatively). III. Match
the following.
1.​ Law of conservation of mass - Lavoisier
2.​ Law of constant proportion - Joseph Proust
3.​ Cathode rays - Sir William Crookes
4.​ Anode rays - Goldstein
5.​ Neutrons - James Chadwick
Here are the exercises for the 13th lesson from the provided textbook, complete with answers.
Unit 13: Water I. Choose the correct answer.
●​ Water changes to ice at a) 0⁰C b) 100⁰C c) 102⁰C d) 98⁰C Answer: a) 0⁰C
●​ Solubility of carbon dioxide in water is high when the a) pressure is low b) pressure is high
c) temperature is high d) None of the above Answer: b) pressure is high
●​ The gas collected at the cathode on electrolysis of water is a) oxygen b) hydrogen c)
nitrogen d) carbon dioxide Answer: b) hydrogen
●​ Which of the following is a water pollutant? a) Lead b) Alum c) Oxygen d) Chlorine
Answer: a) Lead
●​ Permanent hardness of water is due to the presence of __________ a) sulphates and
chlorides b) dust particles c) carbonates and bicarbonates d) other soluble particles
Answer: a) sulphates and chlorides II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ Water is colourless, odourless and tasteless.
●​ The boiling point of water is 100°C.
●​ Temporary hardness of water can be removed by boiling of water.
●​ The density of water is maximum at 4°C.
●​ Loading speeds up the process of sedimentation. IV. Match the following.
1.​ Universal solvent - Water
2.​ Hard water - Stomach ailments
3.​ Boiling - Kills germs
4.​ Sterilization - Ozonisation
5.​ Sewage - Water pollutant
Of course, here are the exercises for the next five lessons from your textbook. Unit 14: Acids
and Bases I. Choose the best answer.
●​ Acids are ________ in taste. a) sour b) sweet c) bitter d) salty Answer: a) sour
●​ Aqueous solutions of _________ conduct electricity. a) acid b) base c) salt d) All of these
Answer: d) All of these
●​ In acidic solutions blue litmus changes into ______ colour. a) blue b) green c) red d) white
Answer: c) red
●​ Base is a substance that gives _____ on dissolving in water. a) OH^- b) H^+ c) OH d) H
Answer: a) OH^-
●​ Sodium hydroxide is a ____________ a) acid b) base c) oxide d) alkali Answer: d) alkali
 ●​ Red ant sting contains __________ a) acetic acid b) sulphuric acid c) oxalic acid d) formic
acid Answer: d) formic acid
●​ Magnesium hydroxides are used for treating_______ a) acidity b) head pain c) teeth
decay d) None of these Answer: a) acidity
●​ Acid mixed with base forms ________ a) salt and water b) salt c) water d) No reaction
Answer: a) salt and water
●​ We brush our teeth with tooth paste because it is __________ in nature. a) basic b) acidic
c) Both a and b d) None of these Answer: d) None of these
●​ In basic solution turmeric indicator paper changes from yellow to __________ a) blue b)
green c) yellow d) red Answer: d) red II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ Benzoic acids are used for food preservation.
●​ The word sour refers to acidus in Latin.
●​ Bases are bitter in taste.
●​ Chemical formula of calcium oxide is CaO.
●​ Wasp sting contains an alkaline substance.
●​ Turmeric is used as a natural indicator.
●​ In acidic solution the colour of the hibiscus indicator paper will change to deep pink or
deep red. Unit 15: Chemistry in Everyday Life I. Choose the best answer.
●​ The chemical mixed with LPG that helps in the detection of its leakage is __________ a.
methanol b. ethanol c. camphor d. mercaptan Answer: d. mercaptan
●​ Which is known as syn gas? a. Marsh gas b. Water gas c. Producer gas d. Coal gas
Answer: b. Water gas
●​ The unit of calorific value of fuel is __________ a. KJmol^{-1} b. KJg^{-1} c. KJkg^{-1} d.
Jkg^{-1} Answer: c. KJkg^{-1}
●​ ___________ is the coal of superior quality. a. Peat b. Lignite c. Bituminous d. Anthracite
Answer: d. Anthracite
●​ The main component of natural gas is __________ a. methane b. ethane c. propane d.
butane Answer: a. methane II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ Producer gas is a mixture of carbon monoxide and nitrogen.
●​ Methane is known as marsh gas.
●​ The term petroleum means rock oil.
●​ Heating coal in the absence of air is called destructive distillation.
●​ An example for fossil fuel is coal / petroleum. III. Match the following.
1.​ Octane rating - Petrol
2.​ Cetane rating - Diesel
3.​ Simplest hydrocarbon - Methane
4.​ Peat - First stage coal
5.​ Lignite - Bown in colour
Unit 16: Microorganisms I. Choose the best answer.
●​ Microorganisms are measured in _______. a) cm b) mm c) micron d) meter Answer: c)
micron
●​ _____ shows both living and nonliving characteristics. a) Protozoa b) Virus c) Bacteria d)
Fungi Answer: b) Virus
●​ ____ is a prokaryotic microorganisms. a) Virus b) Algae c) Fungi d) Bacteria Answer: d)
Bacteria
●​ Based on shape, the bacteria are classified into _______ types. a) two b) three c) four d)
five Answer: c) four
●​ Common cold in human is caused by ______. a) plasmodium b) influenza c) vibrio
 cholera d) aphthovirus Answer: b) influenza II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ Penicillin is prepared from a mould called penicillium.
●​ Prions are the infectious protein particles.
●​ The infecting virus particle found outside the host cell is virion.
●​ Microorganism can be seen with the help of a microscope.
●​ Bacteria, which has a flagellum at one end is classified as monotrichous. IV. Match the
following.
1.​ Nitrogen fixing bacteria - Rhizobium
2.​ Tuberculosis - Bacteria
3.​ Kuru - Prion
4.​ Probiotics - Lactobacillus acidophilus
5.​ Edward Jenner - Vaccine
Unit 17: Plant Kingdom I. Choose the best answer.
●​ Solanum trilobatum is the binomial name of Thoothuvalai. The word ‘Solanum’ refers to a)
Species b) Genus c) Class d) Orders Answer: b) Genus
●​ Floridian starch is a reserve food material of a) Chlorophyceae b) Phaeophyceae c)
Rhodophyceae d) Cyanophyceae Answer: c) Rhodophyceae
●​ An example for colonial form of algae is a) Oscillatoria b) Nostac c) Volvox d) Chlorella
Answer: c) Volvox
●​ One of the following is an edible mushroom a) Polyporus b) Agaricus b) Agaricus c)
Pennicillium d) Aspergillus Answer: b) Agaricus
●​ Plants that prevent soil erosion are a) algae b) fungi c) bryophytes d) pteridophytes
Answer: c) bryophytes
●​ The first land plants are a) bryophytes b) pteridophytes c) gymnosperm d) angiosperm
Answer: b) pteridophytes
●​ The well-developed sporophytic plant body is seen in a) bryophytes b) pteridophytes c)
gymnosperms d) angiosperms Answer: b) pteridophytes
●​ Binomial Nomenclature was first introduced in the year a) 1970 b)1975 c) 1978 d) 1623
Answer: d) 1623
●​ Penicillin is an antibiotic which is extracted from a) algae b) fungi c) bryophytes d)
pteridophytes Answer: b) fungi II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ The word ‘Taxonomy’ is derived from Greek.
●​ Binomial nomenclature was first introduced by Gaspard Bauhin.
●​ The book 'Genera Plantarum' was published by Bentham and Hooker.
●​ Monocotyledon seed bears only one cotyledon.
●​ Brown algae belongs to Phaeophyceae class.
●​ Agar Agar is obtained from red algae.
●​ The reserve food material of fungi are glycogen and oil.
●​ The first true land plant is pteridophyte.
●​ Xylem and phloem are absent in bryophyte plants.
●​ Reticulate venation is present in dicot plants. IV. Match the following.
1.​ Cyanophyceae - Blue green algae
2.​ Chlorophyceae - Green algae
3.​ Phaeophyceae - Brown algae
4.​ Rhodophyceae - Red algae
Unit 18: Organisation of Life I. Choose the best answer.
●​ ___________ is tough and thick white sheath that protects the inner parts of the eye. a)
Sclera b) Conjunctiva c) Cornea d) Iris Answer: a) Sclera
 ●​ ______________ cells are specialised cells that can be transformed into any kind of cells.
a) Nerve b) Stem c) Heart d) Bone Answer: b) Stem
●​ Maintenance of constant internal environment of the body is known as _________. a)
homeostasis b) homeophytes c) homeokinesis d) homeophilics Answer: a) homeostasis
●​ In the absence of oxygen, glucose is broken down in to ______________. a) lactic acid b)
citric acid c) acetic acid d) nitric acid Answer: a) lactic acid
●​ The process of air passing in and out the lungs is called ______________. a) inhalation
b) exhalation c) breathing d) None of these Answer: c) breathing
●​ Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from ______________. a) higher
concentration to a region of lower concentration. b) lower concentration to a region of
higher concentration. c) Both of these d) None of these Answer: a) higher concentration to
a region of lower concentration.
●​ The erythrocyte is placed in ______________ solution which has lesser concentration of
solutes and greater concentration of water than in the cytoplasm. a) hypotonic b)
hypertonic c) neutral d) acidic Answer: a) hypotonic II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ Cell is the structural and functional unit of living organisms.
●​ The largest cell is egg of an ostrich.
●​ Yeast is a good example for anaerobic respiration.
●​ Optic nerve is located at the end of the eyes behind the retina.
●​ The size of the cells are measured in units of micron. III. Match the following.
1.​ Carbohydrates - Glucose
2.​ Glucose - CO_2, Water and Heat
3.​ Protein - Amino acid
4.​ Amino acids - Enzymes, hormone, protein
5.​ Fatty acids - Cholesterol and other steroids
Of course, here are the exercises for the next two lessons from the textbook. Unit 19:
Movements in Animals I. Choose the best answer.
●​ Which of the following parts of our body help us in movement? (i) Bones (ii) Skin (iii)
Muscles (iv) Organs Choose the correct answer from the options below. (a) (i) and (iii) (b)
(ii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (iv) (d) (iii) and (ii) Answer: (a) (i) and (iii)
●​ Which one of the following organisms lack muscles and skeleton for movement? (a) Dog
(b) Snail (c) Earthworm (d) Human being Answer: (c) Earthworm (It moves using muscles
and bristles called setae, but lacks a skeleton).
●​ __________ joints are immovable. (a) Shoulder and arm (b) Knee and joint (c) Upper jaw
and skull (d) Lower jaw and upper jaw Answer: (c) Upper jaw and skull
●​ Why do underwater divers wear fin-like flippers on their feet ? (a) To swim easily in water
(b) To look like a fish (c) To walk on water surface (d) To walk over the bottom of the sea
(sea bed) Answer: (a) To swim easily in water
●​ External ear (pinna )is supported by (a) bone (b) cartilage (c) tendon (d) capsule Answer:
(b) cartilage
●​ Cockroach moves with the help of its (a) leg (b) bone (c) muscular foot (d) whole body
Answer: (a) leg
●​ Which one of the following categories of vertebrae are correctly numbered? (a) Cervical-7
(b) Thoracic-10 (c) Lumbar - 4 (d) Sacral - 4 Answer: (a) Cervical-7 II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ Movement of organisms from place to place is called locomotion.
●​ Movement refers to change in position of the part of an organism's body.
●​ A structure which provides rigid frame work to the body is called skeleton.
●​ Axial skeleton in human consists of skull, vertebral column, sternum, and ribs.
 ●​ Appendicular skeleton in human consists of pectoral girdle and pelvic girdle.
●​ The place where two bones meet is termed as joint.
●​ Smooth / Involuntary muscle is attached to soft parts of the body like blood vessels, iris,
bronchi and the skin.
●​ Radial muscle makes pupil of eyes wider. Unit 20: Reaching the Age of Adolescence I.
Choose the best answer.
●​ Adolescence is the period of life between _____________ years of age. a) 10 to 16 b) 11
to 17 c) 13 to 19 d) 11 to 20 Answer: c) 13 to 19
●​ The period at which an organism attains sexual maturity is called _____________. a)
puberty b) adolescence c) growth d) maturity Answer: a) puberty
●​ During puberty, the region below the waist become wider in _____________. a) boys b)
girls c) Both a and b d) None of these Answer: b) girls
●​ Adam’s apple is the growth of the _______. a) pharynx b) thyroid c) larynx d) parathyroid
Answer: c) larynx
●​ Many adolescent boys and girls get pimples on face, due to the secretions of _________
gland. a) sweat b) sebaceous c) sweat and sebaceous d) None of these Answer: c) sweat
and sebaceous
●​ The sperm is produced by ___________. a) penis b) ovary c) uterus d) testes Answer: d)
testes
●​ ___________ are the chemical substances, secreted by endocrine glands. a) Hormones
b) Enzymes c) Proteins d) Fatty acids Answer: a) Hormones
●​ Androgen production is regulated by ___________. a) GH hormone b) LH hormone c)
TSH hormone d) ACTH hormone Answer: b) LH hormone
●​ During menstruation, the progesterone level is ___________. a) decreased b) increased
c) ceased d) normal Answer: a) decreased
●​ ___________ intake needs to be increased to prevent osteoporosis in later life. a)
Potassium b) Phosphorus c) Iron d) Calcium Answer: d) Calcium II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ Estrogen is secreted by the ovaries of female.
●​ The hormones secreted by the gonads are controlled by anterior pituitary.
●​ Milk secretion during lactation is controlled by Prolactin hormone.
●​ The male and the female gamete fuse together and form zygote.
●​ The first menstrual flow begins at puberty and it is termed as menarche.
●​ Menstruation usually occurs 14 days after ovulation.
●​ Balanced diet includes protein, carbohydrates, fats and vitamins in requisite proportion.
●​ Iodine helps to prevent thyroid gland related diseases.
●​ Iron deficiency leads to anemia.
●​ In women fertilization takes place at fallopian tube. IV. Match the following.
1.​ Puberty - Sexual maturity
2.​ Adam’s apple - Change in voice
3.​ Androgen - Testosterone
4.​ ICSH - Muscle development
5.​ Menopause - at 45 to 50 years of age
Certainly, here are the exercises for the next three lessons from your textbook, complete with
answers. Unit 21: Crop Production and Management I. Choose the best answer
●​ The process of placing seeds in the soil is called as a. ploughing b. sowing c. crop
production d. crop rotation Answer: b. sowing
●​ The method in which water flows over the soil surface and allow it to infiltrate is a.
irrigation b. surface irrigation c. springler irrigation d. drip irrigation Answer: b. surface
 irrigation
●​ Organism that control insects and pests of plant crops is a. bio-pesticides b. bio-fertilizers
c. earthworms d. neem leaves Answer: a. bio-pesticides
●​ Effective microorganism preparation is not used in a. seed treatment b. foliar spray c. soil
treatment d. bio-predators Answer: d. bio-predators
●​ Which of the following is not present in Panchagavya? a. Cow dung b. Cow’s urine c.
Curd d. Sugar Answer: d. Sugar II. Fill in the blanks
●​ The process of actively growing seedling from one place and planting in the main field for
further growth is called transplanting.
●​ A weed is a plant growing in a place where it is not wanted.
●​ The chemicals used for killing the weeds or inhibiting their growth are called as
herbicides.
●​ Heirloom seeds transfer their unique characteristics to the descents.
●​ Krishi Vigyan Kendra centers serve as the ultimate link between ICAR and farmers.
●​ Several popular high yielding varieties of major crops have been developed by IARI
(Indian Agricultural Research Institute). III. Match the following.
1.​ Bio-pesticide - Bacillus thuringiensis
2.​ Bio-predators - Control white flies
3.​ Bio-fertilizer - Improve soil fertility
4.​ Bio-indicators - Quality of environment
5.​ Bio-repellant - Neem Leaves
Unit 22: Conservation of Plants and Animals I. Choose the best answer.
●​ The plants found in a particular area are known as ________ a) fauna b) flora c) endemic
d) rare Answer: b) flora
●​ Deforestation means ______ a) cleaning of forest b) to grow plants c) to look after plants
d) None of these. Answer: a) cleaning of forest
●​ The Red Data Book gives a list of _________ a) endemic species b) extinct species c)
natural species d) None of these Answer: b) extinct species
●​ Insitu conservation is________ a) off site conservation b) on site conservation c) Both a
and b d) None of these Answer: b) on site conservation
●​ Wildlife Protection Act was implemented in ________ a) 1986 b) 1972 c) 1973 d) 1971
Answer: b) 1972 II. Fill in the blanks.
●​ WWF stands for World Wildlife Fund.
●​ The animal found in a particular area is known as fauna.
●​ Red Data Book is maintained by IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature).
●​ Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary is located in The Nilgiris district.
●​ March 3rd is observed as ‘World Wildlife Day’. III. Match the following.
1.​ Gir National Park - Gujarat
2.​ Sundarbans National Park - West Bengal
3.​ Indira Gandhi National Park - Tamil Nadu
4.​ Corbett National Park - Uttarakhand
5.​ Kanha National Park - Madhya Pradesh
Unit 23: Libre Office Calc I. Choose the best answer.
●​ All functions begins with an ______ sign a) = b) - c) > d) } Answer: a) =
●​ ______ function is used to calculate the total of a given set of values. a) Average b) Sum
c) Min d) Max Answer: b) Sum
●​ The _____ character is used in text formula. a) Ampersand b) Comma c) Exclamation d)
Hyperlink Answer: a) Ampersand
●​ Which of the following is a relational operator? a) + b) > c) - d) NOT Answer: b) >
●​ The ________ function returns the smallest value in a set of values. a) Average b) Sum c)
Min d) Max Answer: c) Min