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BOD and COD Testing SOP Guide

This document outlines Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for testing Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) using titration methods. It details the materials, procedures, and calculations required for each test to measure oxygen consumption and chemical oxidation of organics. Important notes include the need for blank samples, filtering high solids for BOD, and conducting COD titrations in a fume hood.

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11 views2 pages

BOD and COD Testing SOP Guide

This document outlines Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for testing Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) using titration methods. It details the materials, procedures, and calculations required for each test to measure oxygen consumption and chemical oxidation of organics. Important notes include the need for blank samples, filtering high solids for BOD, and conducting COD titrations in a fume hood.

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diptimandas
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BOD and COD Testing SOP (Titration Method)

1. BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) – Titration Method

Purpose: Measures oxygen consumed by microorganisms over 5 days.

Materials Needed:
- BOD bottles (300 mL)
- Dilution water (with seed microorganisms if needed)
- Manganese sulfate (MnSO4)
- Alkaline iodide-azide solution
- Sulfuric acid (conc. H2SO4)
- Sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3)
- Starch indicator

Procedure:
1. Fill BOD bottle with sample, avoiding air bubbles.
2. Add 1 mL MnSO4 and 1 mL alkaline iodide-azide solution. Mix.
3. Add 1 mL conc. H2SO4 to dissolve precipitate.
4. Titrate with 0.025 N Na2S2O3 using starch until color changes blue to colorless
(Initial DO).
5. Incubate at 20 ± 1°C for 5 days in dark.
6. Repeat titration for Final DO.

Calculation:
BOD5 = DO_initial - DO_final
(Multiply by dilution factor if sample is diluted)

2. COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) – Titration Method

Purpose: Measures oxygen required to chemically oxidize organics.


Materials Needed:
- COD digestion flask (250 mL)
- Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) – 0.25 N
- Concentrated H2SO4 with silver sulfate catalyst
- Mercury sulfate (HgSO4) – for chloride removal
- Ferrous ammonium sulfate (FAS) – 0.1 N
- Ferroin indicator
- Heating source (150°C)

Procedure:
1. Take 10–50 mL sample in COD flask.
2. Add 10 mL K2Cr2O7, 20 mL conc. H2SO4 + Ag2SO4, HgSO4 if needed.
3. Digest at 150°C for 2 hours.
4. Cool to room temperature.
5. Titrate remaining dichromate with 0.1 N FAS using ferroin indicator until color
changes to reddish-brown.

Calculation:
COD (mg/L) = ((V1 - V2) * N * 8000) / Sample volume (mL)
Where:
- V1 = FAS volume for blank (mL)
- V2 = FAS volume for sample (mL)
- N = Normality of FAS

Notes:
- Run blank samples for accuracy.
- Filter samples with high solids for BOD.
- Conduct COD titration in fume hood.
- Dilute samples if BOD/COD values are too high.

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