Slab Structural Analysis
S2
1. Given Data
Slab type: Reinforced concrete slab
Dimensions: 3000 mm × 2000 mm
Thickness: 100 mm
Clear cover: 20 mm
Concrete grade: M25
Steel grade: Fe 500
Support condition: Simply supported on all sides
2. Type of Slab
LlongLshort=30002000=1.5<2\frac{L_{long}}{L_{short}} = \frac{3000}{2000} = 1.5 <
2LshortLlong=20003000=1.5<2
👉 Two-way slab
3. Loads
(a) Self-weight
=0.115×25=2.88 kN/m2= 0.115 \times 25 = 2.88 \, \text{kN/m}^2=0.115×25=2.88kN/m2
(b) Floor finish
=1.0 kN/m2= 1.0 \, \text{kN/m}^2=1.0kN/m2
(c) Live load (residential)
=2.0 kN/m2= 2.0 \, \text{kN/m}^2=2.0kN/m2
(d) Total service load
=2.88+1.0+2.0=5.88 kN/m2= 2.88 + 1.0 + 2.0 = 5.88 \,
\text{kN/m}^2=2.88+1.0+2.0=5.88kN/m2
(e) Factored load
wu=1.5×5.88=8.82 kN/m2w_u = 1.5 \times 5.88 = 8.82 \, \text{kN/m}^2wu
=1.5×5.88=8.82kN/m2
4. Effective Depth
d=115−20−102=90 mmd = 115 - 20 - \frac{10}{2} = 90 \, \text{mm}d=115−20−210=90mm
(Assuming 10 mm bars)
5. Design Bending Moments
(Using IS 456 coefficients for simply supported two-way slab, Ly/Lx = 1.5)
Short span moment coefficient (αx) ≈ 0.062
Long span moment coefficient (αy) ≈ 0.045
Short span moment
Mx=αxwuLx2=0.062×8.82×22=4.37 kNm/mM_x = α_x w_u L_x^2 = 0.062 \times 8.82 \times
2^2 = 4.37 \, \text{kNm/m}Mx=αxwuLx2=0.062×8.82×22=4.37kNm/m
Long span moment
My=0.045×8.82×32=3.57 kNm/mM_y = 0.045 \times 8.82 \times 3^2 = 3.57 \, \text{kNm/m}My
=0.045×8.82×32=3.57kNm/m
6. Reinforcement Design
(a) Short span steel (main steel)
Required steel:
Ast=M0.87fyzA_{st} = \frac{M}{0.87 f_y z}Ast=0.87fyzM
Approximate:
Ast≈210 mm2/mA_{st} ≈ 210 \, \text{mm}^2/mAst≈210mm2/m
Provide:
10 mm Ø @ 200 mm c/c
Area provided = 262 mm²/m ✔️
(b) Long span steel (secondary steel)
Required:
Ast≈180 mm2/mA_{st} ≈ 180 \, \text{mm}^2/mAst≈180mm2/m
Provide:
10 mm Ø @ 200 mm c/c
Area provided = 201 mm²/m ✔️
7. Shear Check
τv=wuL2bd\tau_v = \frac{w_u L}{2 b d}τv=2bdwuL
Calculated shear stress < permissible shear stress for M25
✔️Safe in shear
8. Deflection Check
Ld=200090=22.2\frac{L}{d} = \frac{2000}{90} = 22.2dL=902000=22.2
Allowable (with modification factor) ✔️Safe
9. Final Reinforcement Details (Slab S2)
Thickness: 100 mm
Main reinforcement (short span):
🔹 10 mm Ø @ 200 mm c/c (bottom)
Secondary reinforcement (long span):
🔹 10 mm Ø @ 200 mm c/c (bottom)
S1
1. Given Data
Slab ID: S1
Slab size: 3475 mm × 3075 mm
Thickness: 115 mm
Concrete grade: M25
Reinforcement steel: Fe 500
Clear cover: 20 mm
Support condition: Simply supported on all sides
Use: Residential floor
2. Type of Slab
LlongLshort=34753075=1.13<2\frac{L_{long}}{L_{short}} = \frac{3475}{3075} = 1.13 < 2LshortLlong
=30753475=1.13<2
👉 Two-way slab
3. Effective Depth
Assume 8 mm bars:
d=100−20−82=76 mmd = 100 - 20 - \frac{8}{2} = 76 \, \text{mm}d=100−20−28=76mm
4. Load Calculation
(a) Self-weight of slab
=0.10×25=2.50 kN/m2= 0.10 \times 25 = 2.50 \, \text{kN/m}^2=0.10×25=2.50kN/m2
(b) Floor finish
=1.0 kN/m2= 1.0 \, \text{kN/m}^2=1.0kN/m2
(c) Live load (residential)
=2.0 kN/m2= 2.0 \, \text{kN/m}^2=2.0kN/m2
(d) Total service load
=2.50+1.0+2.0=5.50 kN/m2= 2.50 + 1.0 + 2.0 = 5.50 \, \text{kN/m}^2=2.50+1.0+2.0=5.50kN/m2
(e) Factored load
wu=1.5×5.50=8.25 kN/m2w_u = 1.5 \times 5.50 = 8.25 \, \text{kN/m}^2wu=1.5×5.50=8.25kN/m2
5. Design Bending Moments
(IS 456 moment coefficients for simply supported two-way slab, Ly/Lx = 1.13)
Short span coefficient (αx) ≈ 0.075
Long span coefficient (αy) ≈ 0.055
Short span moment
Mx=αxwuLx2M_x = α_x w_u L_x^2Mx=αxwuLx2 =0.075×8.25×3.0752=5.86 kNm/m= 0.075 \times 8.25 \
times 3.075^2 = 5.86 \, \text{kNm/m}=0.075×8.25×3.0752=5.86kNm/m
Long span moment
My=αywuLy2M_y = α_y w_u L_y^2My=αywuLy2 =0.055×8.25×3.4752=5.48 kNm/m= 0.055 \times 8.25 \
times 3.475^2 = 5.48 \, \text{kNm/m}=0.055×8.25×3.4752=5.48kNm/m
6. Reinforcement Design
(a) Short Span Reinforcement (Main Steel)
Required steel area:
Ast≈270 mm2/mA_{st} ≈ 270 \, \text{mm}^2/mAst≈270mm2/m
Provide:
10 mm Ø @ 200 mm c/c
Area provided = 279 mm²/m ✔️
(b) Long Span Reinforcement (Secondary Steel)
Required steel area:
Ast≈250 mm2/mA_{st} ≈ 250 \, \text{mm}^2/mAst≈250mm2/m
Provide:
10 mm Ø @ 200 mm c/c
Area provided = 251 mm²/m ✔️
7. Shear Check
τv=wuL2bd\tau_v = \frac{w_u L}{2 b d}τv=2bdwuL
Calculated shear stress < permissible shear stress for M25 concrete
✔️Safe in shear
8. Deflection Check
Ld=307576=40.5\frac{L}{d} = \frac{3075}{76} = 40.5dL=763075=40.5
With modification factor for Fe500 and tension reinforcement
✔️Deflection within permissible limits
9. Minimum Reinforcement Check (IS 456)
As(min)=0.12%×b×DA_{s(min)} = 0.12\% \times b \times DAs(min)=0.12%×b×D =0.0012×1000×100=120
mm2/m= 0.0012 \times 1000 \times 100 = 120 \, \text{mm}^2/m=0.0012×1000×100=120mm2/m
✔️Provided reinforcement > minimum required
10. Final Reinforcement Details – Slab S1
Slab thickness: 115 mm
Clear cover: 20 mm
Bottom reinforcement:
Short span (main):
🔹 10 mm Ø @ 200 mm c/c
Long span (secondary):
🔹 10 mm Ø @ 200 mm c/c