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José Rizal
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For other uses, see José Rizal (disambiguation).
"Laong Laan" redirects here. For the railway station, see Laon Laan station.
In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Mercado and the second or maternal
family name is Realonda.
José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda[7] (Spanish: [xoˈse riˈsal, -ˈθal], Tagalog:
[hoˈse ɾiˈsal]; June 19, 1861 – December 30, 1896) was a Filipino nationalist, writer and
polymath active at the end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. He is popularly
considered a national hero of the Philippines.[8][9] An ophthalmologist by profession, Rizal
became a writer and a key member of the Filipino Propaganda Movement, which advocated
political reforms for the colony under Spain.
José Protacio Rizal
Rizal c. 1890s
Born
José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda[1]
June 19, 1861[2]
Calamba, La Laguna, Captaincy General of the Philippines, Spanish Empire[2]
Died
December 30, 1896 (aged 35)[3]
Bagumbayan, Manila, Captaincy General of the Philippines, Spanish Empire[3]
Cause of death
Execution by firing squad
Resting place
Original internment: Paco Park, Lubang
Reinterred: Rizal Monument, Manila
Monuments
Daet, Camarines Norte
Manila
Calamba, Laguna
Other names
Pepe, José (nicknames)[4][5]
Alma mater
Ateneo Municipal de Manila (High School)
University of Santo Tomas
Universidad Central de Madrid (MD)
Organizations
La Solidaridad
La Liga Filipina
Notable work
Noli Me Tángere (1887)
El filibusterismo (1891)
Movement
Propaganda Movement
Spouse
Josephine Bracken[6]
(m. 1896)
Parents
Francisco Rizal Mercado (father)
Teodora Alonso Realonda (mother)
Relatives
Saturnina Hidalgo (sister)
Paciano Rizal (brother)
Trinidad Rizal (sister)
Signature
He was executed by the Spanish colonial government for the crime of rebellion after the
Philippine Revolution broke out; the revolution was inspired by his writings. Though he was not
actively involved in its planning or conduct, he ultimately approved of its goals, which eventually
resulted in Philippine independence.
Rizal is widely considered one of the greatest and most influential figures in the Philippines, and
has been recommended to be so honored by an officially empaneled National Heroes
Committee. However, no law, executive order or proclamation has been enacted or issued
officially proclaiming any Filipino historical figure as a national hero.[9] He wrote the novels Noli
Me Tángere (1887) and El filibusterismo (1891), which together are taken as a national epic, in
addition to numerous poems and essays.[10][11]
Early life
Education
Personal life, relationships and ventures
In Brussels and Spain (1890–1892)
Return to the Philippines (1892–1896)
Execution
Works and writings
Reactions after death
Criticism and controversies
Legacy and remembrance
Rizal in popular culture
Ancestry
See also
Notes and references
General sources
Further reading
External links
Last edited 5 days ago by TheNuggeteer
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