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Java, Spring, Microservices & SQL Guide

The document outlines key topics and questions related to Core Java, Spring & Spring Boot, JPA/Hibernate, Microservices & Architecture, Cloud & DevOps Basics, SQL/Database Knowledge, and DSA & Coding. Each section contains specific questions aimed at testing knowledge and understanding of these subjects. The content is structured to cover both theoretical concepts and practical implementations in software development.

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reshwanth
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11 views2 pages

Java, Spring, Microservices & SQL Guide

The document outlines key topics and questions related to Core Java, Spring & Spring Boot, JPA/Hibernate, Microservices & Architecture, Cloud & DevOps Basics, SQL/Database Knowledge, and DSA & Coding. Each section contains specific questions aimed at testing knowledge and understanding of these subjects. The content is structured to cover both theoretical concepts and practical implementations in software development.

Uploaded by

reshwanth
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

♦️Core Java (OOPs, Collections, Concurrency Basics)

1️⃣ Explain difference between HashMap, LinkedHashMap and TreeMap.


2️⃣ How do you handle thread safety in Java Collections? ([Link] vs Concurrent
Collections)
3️⃣ Explain immutability in Java and how to create immutable classes.
4️⃣ How do you implement Producer–Consumer in Java?
5️⃣ Explain difference between ExecutorService, ForkJoinPool and CompletableFuture.

♦️Spring & Spring Boot

6️⃣ Difference between @Controller, @RestController and @ControllerAdvice.


7️⃣ How do you implement global exception handling in Spring Boot?
8️⃣ How do you configure multiple data sources in a Spring Boot application?
9️⃣ How to secure REST APIs using JWT or OAuth2 in Spring Boot?
🔟 How do you implement caching in Spring Boot (Redis / Caffeine)?

♦️JPA / Hibernate

1️⃣1️⃣ Difference between save(), persist(), and merge().


1️⃣2️⃣ Explain lazy loading vs eager loading — how to avoid LazyInitializationException.
1️⃣3️⃣ How do you implement batch inserts/updates in Hibernate for large datasets?
1️⃣4️⃣ Explain @OneToOne, @OneToMany, and @ManyToMany mappings with examples.
1️⃣5️⃣ What are entity states (transient, persistent, detached, removed) in Hibernate?

♦️Microservices & Architecture

1️⃣6️⃣ Difference between synchronous and asynchronous communication between services.


1️⃣7️⃣ How do you implement service discovery and configuration management?
1️⃣8️⃣ Explain the use of message brokers (Kafka/RabbitMQ) in microservices.
1️⃣9️⃣ How do you design a fault-tolerant API Gateway?
2️⃣0️⃣ Explain circuit breaker and retry patterns in microservices.

♦️Cloud & DevOps Basics (Optum Focus)

2️⃣1️⃣ How do you deploy Spring Boot microservices to cloud platforms (AWS/Azure)?
2️⃣2️⃣ Explain CI/CD pipeline steps in your project (Jenkins/GitLab CI).
2️⃣3️⃣ How do you secure secrets and environment variables in cloud?
2️⃣4️⃣ Explain vertical vs horizontal scaling with real examples.
2️⃣5️⃣ How do you monitor and trace microservices in production (ELK, Prometheus, Zipkin)?

♦️SQL / Database Knowledge

2️⃣6️⃣ Write a SQL query to fetch the 3rd highest salary from Employee table.
2️⃣7️⃣ Difference between INNER JOIN and LEFT JOIN; give a real use case.
2️⃣8️⃣ How do you implement data partitioning/sharding for large tables?
2️⃣9️⃣ Explain database indexing and its impact on performance.
3️⃣0️⃣ How do you handle transactions and isolation levels in healthcare systems?

♦️DSA & Coding (Optum Special Focus)

3️⃣1️⃣ Implement a Java program to group patients by insurance plan and count them.
3️⃣2️⃣ Write a Java program to find duplicate records in a large data stream.
3️⃣3️⃣ Implement a REST endpoint to fetch the last 10 activities of a user.
3️⃣4️⃣ Design a system to send healthcare alerts to millions of users in real time.
3️⃣5️⃣ Implement a thread-safe cache with expiration policy in Java.

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