NATIONAL UNIVERSITY – LIPA

SM City Lipa, Ayala Highway, 4217, Lipa City, Philippines

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, COMPUTING, AND ENGINEERING

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

CEITG11D

MODULE 1

ALGEBRA

Submitted by:
Name:
Section:

Submitted to:

Engr. ARNOLFO G. ARCIBAL

Faculty

Date of Submission:
__________________________
Solving Problems:
Instructions: Solve each of the following problems. Show complete and clear solutions, including all
necessary formulas and steps. Final answers must be expressed using 4 significant figures only, unless
otherwise specified. Box or underline the final answer in each solution

Binomial and Multinomial Expansion

1. Find the 5th term of the expansion of (𝑎 − 2𝑏)20

1 10
2. Find the 6th term of the expansion of (3𝑥 − 𝑥 2)
1 16
3. Find the 6th term of the expansion of (2𝑎 − 3)
4. Find the term involving 𝑥 6 𝑦 12in the expansion of (3𝑥 2 − 4𝑦 3 )7
5. Find the term involving 𝑥 4 𝑦 2 in the expansion of (4𝑥 − 𝑦 + 2𝑧)7
6. Find the term involving 𝑥 2 𝑦𝑧 in the expansion of (2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 5𝑧)4
7. Find the sum of the coefficients of (𝑎 + 2𝑏)6
8. Find the sum of the coefficients of (2𝑥 − 3)8
9. Find the sum of the coefficients of (3𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 1)5
10. Find the sum of the exponents (3𝑥 3 + 2𝑦 4 )10
11. Find the sum of the exponents (3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 2)8
12. Find the sum of the exponents (4𝑥 2 + 5𝑦 7 )3

Digit Problems

1. The sum of the digits of a 3-digit number is 17, the hundreds digit is twice the unit digit. If 396 is
subtracted from the number, the order of the digits will be reversed. Find the unit’s digit.
2. The sum of the digits of a 3-digit number is 14. The hundreds digit being 4 times the unit digit. If
594 is subtracted from the number, the order of the digits will be reversed. Find the ten’s digit of
the number.
3. A number is expressed by 3-digits which are in arithmetic progression. If the number is divided
by the sum of the digits the quotient will be 26 and if 198 be added to the number, the digits will
be inverted. Determine the value of the ten’s digit.
4. In a two-digit number, the unit’s digit is 3 greater than the ten’s digit. Find the number if it is 4
times as large as the sum of its digit.

Mixed Problems
1. 2000 kg of steel containing 8% nickel is to be made by mixing a steel containing 14 % nickel with
another containing 6% nickel. How much of the 14% nickel is needed?
2. A chemist of a distillery experimented on two alcohol solutions of different strength, 35% alcohol
and 50% alcohol respectively. How many cubic meters of 35% strength must he use in order to
produce a mixture of 60 cubic meters that contain 40% alcohol
3. How many liters of water must be added to 80 liters of 40% salt solution to produce a solution that
is 25% salt?
4. In what ratio must a peanut costing Php 240.00 per kg be mixed with a peanut costing Php 340.00
per kg so that a profit of 20% is made by selling the mixture at Php 360.00 per kg?
Number Problems
1. The sum of two numbers is 21 and one number is twice the other. Determine the product of the
numbers
2. The denominator of a certain fraction is 3 more than twice the numerator. If 7 is added to both
terms of the fraction, the resulting fraction is 3/5. Find the original fraction
3. Find the product of 2 number such that their sum multiplied by the sum of their squares is 5500
and their difference multiplied by the difference of their squares is 352.
4. Find the smallest positive number among the 4 number such that the sum of 1 st, 3rd, and 4th exceeds
the second by 8; the sum of the squares of the 1 st and the 2nd exceeds the sum of the squares of the
3rd and the 4th by 36; the sum of the products of the 1st and 2nd , and 3rd and 4th is 42; the cube of
the 1st equals the sum of the cubes of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th.
5. The average of 90 real numbers is 70. When the two numbers are removed namely 28 and 68, find
the new average

Age Problems

1. Six years ago, Jun was 4 times as old as John. In 4 years, he would be twice as old as John. How
is Jun now?
2. In five years, Jose would be twice the age of Ana. Five years ago, Jose was 4 times as old as Ana.
Find the sum of their present ages.
3. Mary is 24 years old. Mary is twice as old as Ana was when Mary was as old as Ana is now. How
old is Ana?
4. The sum of the parent’s ages is twice the sum of their children’s ages. Five years ago, the sum of
the parent’s ages is four times the sum of their children’s ages. In fifteen years, the sum of the
parent’s ages will be equal to the sum of their children’s ages. How many children were in the
family

Work Problems

1. Jun can finish an accounting work in 8 hrs. Leo can finish the same work in 6 hrs. After 2 hrs of
working together, Jun left Leo for lunch and Leo finished the job. How long does it take Leo to
finish the job?
2. Worker A can do a piece of work in 10 days. After he has worked 2 days, worker B came to help
and together, they finish the job in 3 days. In how many days could B alone do the work?
3. A and B can do a piece of work in 42 days, B and C in 31 days, and A and C in 20 days. Working
together, how many days can all of them finish the work?
4. A, B and C can finish the same job in 7, 9, and 12 days respectively. All of them worked for 2 days
after which C was left to finish the job? How long did C work?
5. Mr. Curry can finish a job in 6 days and Mr. Thompson can finish the same job in the 12 days.
How many days the job will be done if both of them work together

Clock Problems
1. In how many minutes after 2 PM will the hands of the clock be at extend in opposite direction for
the first time?
2. At what time between 3 PM to 4 PM will the hands of the clock be at right angle
3. In how many minutes after 7 PM will the hands of the clock be together for the first time?
 4. At what time after 12 noon will the hour hand and minute hand of the clock form an angle of 120
degree?

Remainder Theorem

1. Find the quotient and remainder when 4𝑦 3 + 18𝑦 2 + 8𝑦 − 4 is divided by 2𝑦 + 3?

2. Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 5 + 𝑎𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 − 4. If f(x) is divided by 𝑥 + 7, the remainder is -3805. When
divided by 𝑥 + 1, the remainder is -1. What is the value of a?
3. Given: 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 4) + 4 when divided by (𝑥 − 𝑘), the remainder is k. Find k.

Rational Roots

1. A polynomial has an equation 𝑥 5 − 5𝑥 4 + 5𝑥 3 + 15𝑥 2 + 36𝑥 + 20. How many rational roots
does it have?
2. How many real roots are there for a polynomial 7𝑥 7 + 5𝑥 5 + 3𝑥 3 + 𝑥?

Summation Notation

1. Evaluate ∑25
𝑘=1(5𝑘 − 3)
1
2. Find the value of ∑4𝑘=0
𝑘!

Partial Fraction Decomposition

1. Given the following partial fraction decomposition. What is the value of A?

𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3 𝐴 𝐵 𝑥 +3
4 3 2
= + 2− 2
𝑥 + 𝑥 + 2𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 4(𝑥 + 𝑥 + 2)
2. Given the following partial fraction decomposition. What is the value of B?
5𝑥 3 + 15𝑥 2 − 25𝑥 + 6 𝐴 𝐵 2𝑥 − 3
4 2
= + − 2
𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 2𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 − 2 (𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 1)
3. Find the value of A in the equation
(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 10) 𝐴 𝐵(2𝑥 + 2) 𝐶
= + +
(𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 + 5𝑥) 𝑥 (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 5) (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 5)

Variation and Proportions

1. Given that “w” varies directly as the product of “x” and “y” and inversely as the square of “z” and
that w = 4 when x = 2, y = 6 and z = 3. Find the value of “w” when x = 1, y = 4, and z = 2.
2. If “x” varies directly as y and inversely as “z”, and x = 14 when y = 7 and z = 2, find “x” when z
= 4 and y = 6.

Arithmetic Series

1. The fourth term of an arithmetic pattern is 55 and the 15th term is 143. What is the 8th term?
2. The sum of the first n terms of a series is 33𝑛+2 + 𝑐. What is the ratio of the 12th and 10th term.
3. How many terms of the sequence 40, 47, 54, … must be taken so that the sum is 715?
Geometric Series

1. The ratio of the 10th and 6th term of a geometric progression is 256. Compute the common ration.
2. How may terms of the sequence 54, 162, 486, … must be taken so that the sum is 177120?

Quadratic Equations

1. Find the value of the constant h in the quadratic equation 3𝑥 2 − ℎ𝑥 + 𝑥 − 7ℎ = 0 if 3 is one of

the roots
2. Find k in the equation 4𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 1 = 0 so that it will only have one real root.
3. Find k so that the expression 𝑘𝑥 2 − 3𝑘𝑥 + 9 is a perfect square
4. Two engineering students are solving a problem leading to a quadratic equation. One student made
a mistake in the coefficient of the first-degree term, got roots of 2 and -3. The other student made
a mistake in the coefficient of the constant term got roots of -1 and 4. What is the correct equation?
5. The roots of a quadratic equation are 1/3 and ¼. What is the equation?

Factoring

1. Factor the expression 𝑥 3 + 8 as completely as possible.

2. Factor the expression 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 8 as completely as possible
3. Factor the expression 𝑥 4 − 𝑦 4 as completely as possible

Simplification

1. Simplify the following expression:

5𝑥 𝑥+3 2𝑥 + 1
− +
2𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 3 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 6

3𝑥 2
2. If 3𝑥 = 4𝑦, then 4𝑦 2 is equal to:
𝑎2 − 𝑏2 (𝑎 + 𝑏)2
3. Reduce to simplest form: ÷
2𝑎2 − 9𝑎𝑏 − 5𝑏2 𝑎2 − 4𝑎𝑏 − 5𝑏2

Properties of Logarithm
log 𝑥
1. If 1−log10 = 2, what is the value of x?
10 2

2. Solve for x: log 6 + 𝑥 log 4 = log 4 + log(32 + 4𝑥 )

3. If log 2 = 𝑥 and log 3 = 𝑦, find log 1.2
4. The logarithms of the quotient and the product of two numbers are 0.352182518 and 1.556302501,
respectively. Find the numbers.
Matrices

1. Compute the value of x from the following:

4 -1 2 3
2 0 2 1
2. Elements of X = matrix 𝐵=
10 3 0 1
1 2 14 2 4 5
| |
0 −5
3 6
Elements of matrix 𝐶 = | |
4 1
Find the elements of the product of the two matrices, matrix BC.

3. The following equation involves two determinants:

3 𝑥 2 −1
| |=| |
2 2 𝑥 −3
Find the value of x.

Venn Diagram

1. In a class of 40 students, 27 students like Calculus and 25 like Geometry. How Many students like
both Calculus and Geometry.
2. A class of 40 took examination in Algebra and Trigonometry. If 30 passed Algebra, 36 passed
Trigonometry, and 2 failed in both subjects, the number of students who passed the two subjects
is:
Permutation and Combination
1. How many even four-digit numbers can be formed from the digits 0, 1, 2, 5, 6, and 9 if each digit
can be used only once?
2. A president and treasurer are to be chosen from a student club consisting of 50 people. How many
different choices of officers are possible if:
a. There are no restrictions.
b. Dave will serve only if he is the president
c. Eurika and Gem will serve together or not all
d. Shannah and Sarah will not serve together
Complex Numbers
(2+3𝑖)(5−𝑖)
1. Simplify (3−2𝑖)2
2−3𝑖 3+𝑖
2. Simplify 4+5𝑖 − 6𝑖
3. Simplify 𝑖 29 + 𝑖 21 + 𝑖