Scribd
Upload
5 views12 pages

RMS and Power Calculations in AC Circuits

The document discusses key concepts related to alternating current (AC) waveforms, including effective (RMS) values, form factor, apparent power, real power, and reactive power. It explains the relationships between these powers and introduces the power factor as the cosine of the phase angle between voltage and current. Additionally, it includes calculations for RMS values, branch currents, and power factors in specific circuit scenarios.

Uploaded by

abhinavacharya.2007
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
5 views12 pages

RMS and Power Calculations in AC Circuits

The document discusses key concepts related to alternating current (AC) waveforms, including effective (RMS) values, form factor, apparent power, real power, and reactive power. It explains the relationships between these powers and introduces the power factor as the cosine of the phase angle between voltage and current. Additionally, it includes calculations for RMS values, branch currents, and power factors in specific circuit scenarios.

Uploaded by

abhinavacharya.2007
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Module 2 Session 3

Average Value
Effective Value of a Periodic Waveform
Effective (RMS) Value of a Sinusoidal Waveform
• The most important special case is that of the sinusoidal waveform. Let
us select the sinusoidal current

• which has a period


Form factor
• Form factor is an indicator of the shape or the form of the ac
wave.
• It is the ratio of the RMS value to the average value of an
alternating quantity.
Apparent Power (S)
• It is defined as the product of the RMS value of voltage (V) and
current (I).

• It is denoted by S

Apparent power, S = VRMSIRMS

= Effective Voltage × Effective Current

• Unit of apparent power is VA or kVA


Real Power (P or W)
• It is the power which is actually dissipated in the circuit
resistance. (watt-full power)
• Active power,
P = Apparent power × power factor

• Or, P = VI cosø Watts or kW


Reactive Power (Q)
• It is the power developed in the inductive reactance of the
circuit.

These three powers are shown in the power triangle from where it
can be seen that
Power Factor
• It may be defined as the cosine of the phase angle between the
voltage and current; cos ø is known as power factor.

• Power factor can also be expressed as the ratio,

R/Z = resistance/impedance = cos ø


• Calculate the RMS value, average value and form factor of a
half-rectified square voltage shown in Fig.
• Two impedences Z1 and Z2 are connected in parallel across a 230 V,
50 Hz supply. The impelance, Z1 consists of a resistance of 14 Ω and
an inductance of 16 mH. The impedance, Z2 consists of a resistance of
18 Ω and an inductance of 32 mH. Calculate the branch currents, line
current, and total power factor. Draw the phasor diagram showing
the voltage and currents.
• In Fig. is shown a parallel circuit, an inductance L and a parallel R
connected across 200 V, 50 Hz ac supply. Calculate:
• (a) the current drawn from the supply; (b) apparent power; (c) real
power; (d) reactive power.

You might also like