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RISC vs CISC: Key Differences Explained

RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) focuses on optimizing software with a simple instruction set and requires multiple register sets, leading to shorter execution times. In contrast, CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer) emphasizes hardware optimization with complex instructions and a single register set, resulting in longer execution times. Examples include ARM and Intel x86 CPUs for RISC and CISC, respectively.

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15 views2 pages

RISC vs CISC: Key Differences Explained

RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) focuses on optimizing software with a simple instruction set and requires multiple register sets, leading to shorter execution times. In contrast, CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer) emphasizes hardware optimization with complex instructions and a single register set, resulting in longer execution times. Examples include ARM and Intel x86 CPUs for RISC and CISC, respectively.

Uploaded by

banavathlakshmankumarnaik
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

RISC CISC

It is a Reduced Instruction Set It is a Complex Instruction Set


Computer. Computer.
It emphasizes on software to optimize It emphasizes on hardware to
the instruction set. optimize the instruction set.
It is a hard wired unit of programming Microprogramming unit in CISC
in the RISC Processor. Processor.
It requires multiple register sets to It requires a single register set to store
store the instruction. the instruction.
RISC has simple decoding of CISC has complex decoding of
instruction. instruction.
Uses of the pipeline are simple in Uses of the pipeline are difficult in
RISC. CISC.
It uses a limited number of instruction It uses a large number of instruction
that requires less time to execute the that requires more time to execute the
instructions. instructions.
It uses LOAD and STORE that are
It uses LOAD and STORE instruction
independent instructions in the
in the memory-to-memory interaction
register-to-memory a program's
of a program.
interaction.
RISC has more transistors on memory CISC has transistors to store complex
registers. instructions.
The execution time of RISC is very
The execution time of CISC is longer.
short.
RISC architecture can be used with
CISC architecture can be used with
high-end applications like
low-end applications like home
telecommunication, image processing,
automation, security system, etc.
video processing, etc.
It has fixed format instruction. It has variable format instruction.
The program written for RISC Program written for CISC
architecture needs to take more space architecture tends to take less space in
in memory. memory.
Example of RISC: ARM, PA-RISC, Examples of CISC: VAX, Motorola
Power Architecture, Alpha, AVR, 68000 family, System/360, AMD and
ARC and the SPARC. the Intel x86 CPUs.

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