Coding and Decoding Reasoning Exercises
Coding and Decoding Reasoning Exercises
CODING - DECODING
(TEST YOURSELF)
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1. Letter Coding
8. RTNIREDU, INTRUDER
TYPE - I
PELETNAH
(A) ELEPHANT (B) TRIANGLE
1
ANSWERS
1.(a) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (d) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (a) 9. (a) 10. (c)
11.(a) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (d) 15. (c)
(A) JOENQF (B) JMCPQD (C) QORHHSMD (D) QOHRSHMD
(C) JOEPSF (D) HMCNQD
42. PAPER OZODQ
33.
(E)
MADRAS NBESBT (A) QFODJM
PENCIL
(B) OFOBHM
LAHORE (C) ODMDJM (D) ODMBHK
39.
(E)
COMPUTER RFUVQNPC
(C) AOJKL
(E) AKJOL
(D) LOKJA
ANSWERS
50.(b) 51. (a) 52. (e) 53. (b) 54. (a) 55. (b) 56. (c) 57. (d) 58. (b) 59. (c)
60.(b) 61. (a) 62. (c) 63. (d) 64. (d)
(C) EAGER (D) WAFER (E)
66. KANCHAN G 74. 'DESIRABLE'
JAYANTI 'JTFEQFMCB'
(A) K (B) I 'DIMENSION'
(C) H (D) O (A) FNJEMTJPO (B) FNJEOOPJT
ANSWERS
65.(a) 66. (c) 67. (b) 68. (a) 69. (a) 70. (a) 71. (d) 72. (e) 73. (b) 74. (c)
75.(a) 76. (b) 77. (b) 78. (b) 79. (e) 80. (a)
(C) 51 (D) 60
ANSWERS
81.(c) 82. (a) 83. (a) 84. (b) 85. (a) 86. (a) 87. (d) 88. (d) 89. (c) 90. (c)
91.(d) 92. (a) 93. (d) 94. (d)
(E)
A C N P R M D Y Z Q SLIM NORTH
ANSWERS
95.(c) 96. (d) 97. (b) 98. (c) 99. (d) 100. (a) 101. (a) 102. (d) 103. (a) 104. (a)
105.(e) 106. (c) 107. (a) 108. (b) 109. (d)
(E)
2. Conditional Coding
B H S N T O A K R I E U G
6 8 1 # 5 2 $ 3 9 @ 4 7 %
(A) 670982 (B) 607892 120. ORHSNU
(C) 670892 (D) #70892 (A) 098#17 (B) 0981#0
(E)
(C) 298#10 (D) 2981#7
114. NAPKJI
(A) 95814 (B) 395814 (E)
(121 – 125) :
(C) 9581 (D) #9581#
(E)
115. KUNAJB
7 3 5 0 2 1 6 4 9 8
(A) #0391# (B) 803917
NH L T F D R Q G P
(C) #0391 (D) 039
ANSWERS
110.(d) 111. (b) 112. (e) 113. (c) 114. (b) 115. (a) 116. (e) 117. (a) 118. (d) 119. (c)
120.(b)
127. CMKRAH
(iv)
(A) #862%@ (B) #82%6@
(v)
(C) #8%26@
(E)
(D) #2%6@8
(E)
I B D H L P A R F K E C M U T
4 $ 3 @ 1 7 % 6 © 2 9 # 8 5
'CAB' 30 – 10 + 10 +10)
(i)
10
(i) 'BUT' 10 + (50 × 2) + (40 × 2) =
'' 190
ANSWERS
121.(c) 122. (e) 123. (e) 124. (b) 125. (c) 126. (c) 127. (e) 128. (d) 129. (a) 130. (b)
ANSWERS
131.(a) 132. (e) 133. (e) 134. (b) 135. (c) 136. (b) 137. (e) 138. (d) 139. (b) 140. (d)
141.(c) 142. (b) 143. (a) 144. (c)
(E)
(A) who (B) are 159. where not are good flowers
(C) who are (D)
(E) (A) 86954 (B) 86598
151. (C) 45698 (D)
(E)
160. are you where
(A) (B) (A) 614 (B) 163
(C) (D)
ANSWERS
145.(c) 146. (e) 147. (c) 148. (c) 149. (d) 150. (c) 151. (a) 152. (e) 153. (c) 154. (c)
155.(d) 156. (d) 157. (e) 158. (e) 159. (c) 160. (a)
ANSWERS
161.(a) 162. (c) 163. (a) 164. (e) 165. (b) 166. (a) 167. (d) 168. (e) 169. (a) 170. (e)
171.(a) 172. (b) 173. (b)
(A) (B)
(C)
(E)
(D)
(A) (B)
175. (C) (D)
(A) (B)
(A) (B) (C) (D)
(C) (D) (E)
(E) 184.
176.
(A) (B)
(C) (D)
(A) (B) (E)
(C) (D) 185.
(E)
177.
(A) (B)
(C) (D)
(A) (B) (E)
(C) (D) 186.
178.
(A) (B)
(A) (B)
(C) (D)
(C) (D)
179.
(E)
187.
(A) (B)
(C) (D)
180.
(A) (B)
(A) (B) (C) (D)
(C) (D) (E)
ANSWERS
174.(b) 175. (c) 176. (e) 177. (a) 178. (b) 179. (b) 180. (d) 181. (b) 182. (b) 183. (c)
184.(c) 185. (c) 186. (c) 187. (a)
1. (A)
BRINJAL LAJNIRB
RTNI REDU INTR UDER
LADYFINGER REGNIFYDAL
2. (C)
PERMIT TIMREP
PELE TNAH ELEP HANT
REDAER READER
BIRT HDAY TROP TIAR
4. (C)
DIGIT TIGID 10. (C)
TIMID DIMIT
6. (C)
11. (A)
OBJECT TCEJBO
NUMBER REBMUN
AUG UST UST GUA
7. (A)
T O P S = G B C F
SUN DAY DAY NUS
S P O T = F C B G
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CODING - DECODING
12. (C) 16. (B)
DREA MLAND DNALM DREA
LO ND ON OL ND NO
13. (D)
HU MI DI TY UH MI ID TY
BO OK KO BO
14. (D)
18. (B)
JAI SAL MER IAJ LAS REM
OV A RY RY A OV
15. (C)
NU MB ER UN BM RE
OCT O BER BER O OCT
19. (D)
GH OS TS HG SO ST
BI H AR IB H RA
GE N IO US N GE OI SU
JA M MU AJ M UM
20. (C)
MU NI CI PA LI TY IN MU AP CI YT LI
24. (C)
INACTIV E VITCANI E
DE CE MB ER ER MB CE DE
COMPUTE R ETUPMOC R
25. (A)
22. (A)
26. (C)
G ROU P G UOR P
MIR AC L ES MIR L AC SE
Letter 'G' Letter 'P'
Letter
23. (A)
GA R NI SH R GA IN HS S PAR K S RAP K
27. (B)
G U A V A
S TEP S S PET S
V U A A G
Letter 'S' Letter 'S'
Letter
31. (C)
I N S P E CT OR
F ROC K F COR K
N P OR I S CT E
C O L L E CT OR
S CO OT ER
O L OR C L CT E
OT S CO ER
32. (C)
BI C Y C LE 3 15 9 13 2 1 20 15 18 5 4 16 10 15 3 2 21 17 19 6
C OI MBAT O RE DP J NCBU P S F
+1
+1
C C BI Y LE +1
+1
29. (D) +1
+1
+1
D I V E +1
+1
+1
E I V D
S O U L
9 14 4 15 18 5 10 15 5 16 19 6
I NDO RE J OE P SF
L O U S +1
+1
+1
+1
F E A R +1
+1
33.
R E A F (A)
30. (B) 13 1 4 18 1 19 14 2 5 19 2 20
MADR AS NB E S BT
+1
M A N G O +1
+1
+1
G A N O M +1
+1
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CODING - DECODING
3 5 14 20 18 1 12 7 9 18 24 22 5 16
12 1 8 15 18 5 13 2 9 16 19 6 C E N T R A L G I R X V E P
LAHO RE MB I P S F
+4
+1
+4
+1 +4
+1 +4
+1
+4
+1
+4
+4
+1
37. (B)
34. (D) 2 119 9 3 4 4 2112 5
B A S I C D D U L E
D E A R F G C T
+2 +2
+2
+3 +4
+3
+3
+2
36. (B)
+1
39. (B) +1
3 15 18 14 5 18 7 19 22 18 9 22
+1
C O R N E R G S V R I V
+4
C OM P U T E R R F U V QN P C
+4
+4
+4 +1
+1
+4
+1
+4 +1
41. (A) –2
–2
–2
P R I E S T O Q H D R S –2
–1
–1
–1
44. (A)
–2
–1
–1 20 15 16 19 7 2 3 6
–1 T O P S G B C F
–13
P I S T A B U T H O 2 4 6 8 5 — 5 1 9 5 8
+1 +3
–3
+1 +3
+1 –3
–1 +3
–1
3 5 6 9 1 = 6 2 9 6 4
B L I N K L O J K A
+3
–3
+1 +3
–3
+1 +3
+1
–1 -1
+1
+1
+1
K U R E S H J R G Q W J
+2 +1
–1
+2 2 1 4 1 2 5
–1 B A D A B E
+2 -1
–1 +1
+1
2 1 19 9 3 4 4 21 12 5
18 5 12 1 20 5 4
R E L A T E D
opposite 9 22 15 26 7 22 23
I V O Z G V W
= 27
B A S I C D D U L E
+2
+3
54. (A)
57. (D)
3 5 18 20 1 9 14
opposite 24 22 9 7 2618 13 14 15 19 5
opposite 13 12 8 22
C E R T A I N X V I G Z R M N O S E M L H V
= 27 = 27
2 15 14 4
opposite 25 12 13 23
B O N D Y L M W
= 27
13 21 14 4 1 14 5
opposite 14 6 13 23 26 13 22
58.
M U N D A N E N F M W Z M V (B)
= 27
13 1 25 15 18 14 2 2 16 19
M A Y O R N B B P S
+1
+1
opposite
+1
55. (D) +1
+1
+1 62. (A)
+1
letter
letter
8 15 21 19 5 9 16 6 20 6
H O U S E I P F T F R E A D PQ FG YZ EF
letter
+1
63. (B)
letter
GA RD EN H V S
= letter
R O S E ST PQ TU FG
letter 7+1=8
18 + 4 = 22
5 + 14 = 19
60. (B)
D O G BC MN EF
letter letter
FL OW ER R L W
= letter
6 + 12 = 18
15 + 23 = 38 = 12
5 + 18 = 23
R A T PQ YZ RS
letter
64. (D)
JUG FH TV IK
61. (A)
letter
GRAIN FH QS ZB HJ MO
letter
NAP MO ZB OQ
letter
W P S L P I M F H A
R M N B S F E J
W A T E R 70. (A)
+4 –3 +4 –3 +4 –3 +4 –3 +4 –3
+1
66. (C)
A T E X X Q I B V O
T I M
+1
E J U F N
KANCHAN = 11+1+14+3+8+1+14 +1
= 52 +1
= 5+2
=8 =H +1
+1
67. (B)
D O M A I N
+1 +1 +1 +1
+1 +1 +1
+1
B O T H P C I U
N P E O J B +1
+1
71. (D)
S T R E A M
+1 +1 +1 +1 +1
+1 +1
+1
RETAILUFSBJM
+1
S U T N B F +1
+1
68. (A) +1
E M P T Y
+1 +1 +1 +1
–1
+1
+1
N F O Z U
EXPECTQYFFDU
+1
K I T E S
+1
+1 +1 +1 +1 +1
+1
72.
–1
J L S T F
(E)
S T R E A M+1L+1I+1+1
NG
69. (A) –1
T E M P O R A L +2
–1 –1 –1 –1 +1 +1 +1 +1
C G T V U F O J M N
O L D S M B S P
+2 C RE D I B I L I T Y
+1 +2 –1
Q K T G R K B D J E
J E F S D D X S HK H
73. (B)
78. (B)
J E A L O U S
+1 –1 +1
B F K K T V P J O U R N E Y
–1 –1 +1 +1
–1 +1
H E A R T E N T N I S Z F O
+1 –1 +1
B F I Q O F U B O N D I N G
D E S I R A B L E
+1 –1 +1 M N A E H O J
J T F E Q F M C B 79. (E)
M O T H E R
D I MEN S I O N +1 +1
+1 –1 +1
O M H U R F
F N J EM O P J T
75. (A)
A N S W E R
C O V A L E N T
+1 +1
+1 +1
+1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 N A W T R F
B W P D U O F M
N A W T R F
80. (A)
F O R M
+1 +1 T O W N
+1 +1 –1 +1 –1 +1
P G N S
P O S V
S I L V E R
+1 +1 +1 +1
+1 +1 C A R E
M J T S F W –1 +1 –1 +1
76. (B)
S F +1 L O+1 B F B Q
A U+1 A V+1
T B+1 U B+1
B E L +1 T
E T +1 N M+1 –1 +1 –1
L L C C
L D –1 H F –1
I S –1 I M –1 F U A K
T H –1 N H –1 81. (A)
E K –1 G G –1 15 18 1 12
77. (B) O R A L 3 1 9 6
1+2 = 3
O MN I P R E S E N T
+1 +2 –1 1+8 = 9
1+5 = 6
Q J O N P T S MD R D
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CODING - DECODING
23 18 9 20 20 5 14 C A M E L 24 - 26 - 14 - 22 - 15
W R I T T E N 5 5 2 2 9 9 5 27- 3
1+4 = 5 27- 1
27- 13
2+0 = 2 27- 5
2+0 = 2 27- 12
1+8 = 9
89. (C)
2+3 = 5
M A C H I N E 19-7-9-14-15-20-11
82. (E) 13+6
9 14 4 9 1 1+6
3+6
I N D I A 9 5 4 9 1 8+6
9+6
DANGER 10-7-20-13-11-14
4+6
1+6
4 5 12 8 9 14+6
D E L H I 4 5 3 8 9 7+6
5+6
18+6
1+2 = 3
DANGER 10-7-20-13-11-24
90. (C)
83. (C) R O A M D O N E
KUMAR 11 + 21 + 13 + 1 + 18 = 64
5 9 1 3 4 9 6 2
KUMARI 11 + 21 + 13 + 1 + 18+9 = 73 M E A N
84. (B) RAM 18 + 1 + 13 = 32
SHYAM 19 + 8 + 25 + 1 + 13 = 66 3 2 1 6
91. (A)
SWETA 19 + 23 + 5 + 20 + 1 = 68 92. (B) 4 1 9 6 2 8 7 5
85. (C) E = 5
AMENDMENT = 1 + 13 + 5 + 14 + 4 + C O M P U T E R
13 + 5 + 14 + 20 = 89
0 4 7 3 1 9 3
SECRETARY = 19 + 5 + 3 + 18 + 5 +
20 + 1 + 18 + 25 = 114 A C E B O M B
86. (B) Z 26 × 2 = 52 90628087 = MAPUTATE
ACT (1 + 3 + 20) × 2 = 48
93. (A)
BAT (2 + 1 + 20) × 2 = 46
87. (C) Z = 26 × 2 + 1 = 53 G O L D L I V E
HAT = (8 + 1 + 20) × 2 + 3 = 61
CAT = (3 + 1 + 20) × 2 + 3 = 51 5 1 2 4 2 9 8 3
88. (C) V O I D
T E N T 07 - 22 - 13 - 07
27- 20 8 1 9 4
27- 5
27- 14 94. (C)
27- 20 1
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CODING - DECODING
95. (C) NOIDA N = 3, O = 9, I = 6, D = 5 A = 8
INDIA = 63568 F E D S
96. (D) DICTIONARY D = 1, I = 2, C = 3, T =
4, O = 5, ..... 3 # % 5
ORDINARY = 58126789
107. (A) M A D E $ % + #
97. (B) 9 5 3 7 1 6
S O M E H ÷ $ #
S V R L M Z
98. (C) 425967 STRING
99. (D) 5 + 9 + 7 + 8 + ? = 37 – 29 = 8 B
D +, O ÷, E #, S H
DOES+÷#H
100. (A) B 108. (B)
A N A N A
S T A G H O R N
122. (E)
D
(i)
H N L Q G 138. (D)
(I) BEG = 10+(20 × 2)+(20 × 2) = 90
(II) WAD = 50 +(10 × 2)+(10 × 2) = 90
$ Q R L H @
(III) NOD = 30+(40 × 2)+(10 × 2) = 130
139. (B)
4 6 5 0 3
white and black board na di sa ra Ram
The 'ka' 'pa' is
going
145. (C) no more food ta ka da and +
more than that sa pa ka 153. (C) Ram
'that' 'sa' 'pa' 154. (C) Shyam
146. (E) come now ha na 155. (D) is
4. Coding By Substitution
177. (A)
182. (B)
173. (B)
183.
(A)
184.
185. (C)
(C)
186. (C)
187. (A)
Ambiguity in symbolic reasoning is managed by defining clear rules for each symbol's meaning through consistent syntax and semantics, such as associating specific symbols with common terms or actions ('@', '+'). Ensuring that each symbol represents a unique attribute or state reduces ambiguity . Additionally, layered examples and context in instructions contribute by providing clarity and reducing multiple interpretations.
Deciphering code words involves recognizing and applying systematic transformations like shifting positions or replacing letters with those at consistent positions in the alphabet. For instance, transforming 'LEADER' to 'NHCGGU' involves specific alphabetical increments (+3, +2) to each letter . This approach helps predict transformations across different words.
Oppositional pairing contributes to symmetry by establishing clear and balanced relationships between elements, such as using reverse positions or numerical complements. This symmetry promotes clarity and efficiency in coding because each letter or number consistently reflects its counterpart, simplifying encoding and decoding processes as well seen in sequences like 'PAPER' to 'OZODQ', fostering structural integrity across symmetrical codes .
Arithmetic transformation sequences increase cognitive load as they require intricate mental calculations and retention of multiple concurrent transformations over strings of letters or numbers. Sequences like '+2, +3, +2' in tasks with overlapping or concurrent patterns create a compounded cognitive demand, necessitating multi-layered problem-solving skills . Balancing strategic planning and memory recall when managing such arithmetic sequences leads to heightened cognitive engagement.
Improper application of sequential transformations can lead to errors in pattern recognition, such as incorrect outputs or inconsistencies. When transformations like '+1, +2, +3' are incorrectly sequenced, the resulting code may deviate significantly from intended targets, causing logical breakdowns in verbal reasoning tasks . To avoid such pitfalls, rigorous adherence to defined sequences is essential.
Improving accuracy involves utilizing systematic translation rules like consistent addition or subtraction from fixed values, contextually linking numbers to word parts, and verifying logical consistency across steps. By applying methodologies like numeric summation to deduce word attributes or conducting reverse operations for verification, accuracy in interpretation of numerics within verbal tasks can be enhanced .
By analyzing the coding-decoding patterns presented, the strategies include finding numerical or alphabetical relationships, such as incremental patterns in letter shifts (e.g., +1, +2) or substitutions based on fixed sequences. Observing repetitions, common associations, and structural analogies across examples aids in deducing the problem-solving logic .
Using opposites in alphabetical encoding simplifies coding by pairing each letter with its opposite from a reference point, often leading to straightforward and predictable patterns. For example, encoding 'PAPER' by its opposite letters results in 'OZODQ' . This method streamlines coding, as each transformation is directly determined by its pair, reducing ambiguity.
Multiple linkage systems between numbers and letters enhance complexity by interweaving various transformations and additions that require multi-step problem solving. For instance, transformations utilizing alternating sequences like '+1, -1' or increasing values boost difficulty by necessitating greater attention to detail and cross-relational analysis, as seen in sequences coded by multi-step methods .
Numerical coding systems involve assigning numerical values to letters or words based on attributes like position or a formula. Their effectiveness lies in the precision and variety they offer for transformations, such as 'KUMAR' summing to 64 . This approach offers scalability and systematic variation over verbal methods, allowing for complex encoding but may lack the intuitive ease of verbal codes.