Lab Problem: 3
Design of condenser with subcooling
%% Design shell & tube Horizontal condenser for condensation
with subcooling
% Heat duty Calculations
m = 2.1944;% kg/s Mass flow rate of n-propanol
Lamda = 661.072; % KJ/Kg Latent heat of condensation
t1 = 82.2;% C Condensation temperature
t2 = 60 ; % C Cooling temperature
Cl = 2.8 ; % KJ/Kg* C Specific Heat of n- propanol
Qc = m*Lamda % kW Heat duty of condensation
Qsub = m*Cl*(t1-t2) % kW Heat duty of subcooling
Qt = Qc + Qsub % kW Total heat duty
% Energy Balance
to = 45; % C Outlet temperature of cooling water
ti = 32; % C Inlet temperature of Cooling Water
T = to-ti; % C
Cw = 4.1868;% Kj/Kg*C Specific heat of cooling water
mw = Qt/(T*Cw) % Kg/s Mass flow rate of cooling water
%%Mean temperature difference
T1 = Qsub/(mw*T) + ti; % C Intermediate temperature of cooling
water
% LMTD for condensation
Dt1 = t1 - to ;%C
Dt2 = t1 - T1 ; %C
LMTDcon= (Dt2-Dt1)/ log(Dt2/Dt1) ; %C Equal to mean
temperature diff. of condensation
% LMTD for subcooling
Dti = t1 - T1 ; %C
Dto = t2 - ti ; % C
LMTDsub = (Dti - Dto)/log(Dti/Dto); % C Equal to mean
temperature diff. of subcooling
% Assume overall heat transfer coefficient
Uc = 600 ; % w/m^2*C Assume condensation coefficient
Usub = 200; % W/m^2*C Assume subcooling coefficient
% Area based on assumed of U
Ac = (Qc*10^3)/(Uc * LMTDcon); % m^2 Area of condebsation
Asub = Qsub*10^3/(Usub * LMTDsub); % m^2 Area of subcooling
Apro = Ac + Asub % m^2 Total heat transfer area
do = 19.05;% mm Tube outside deameter
L = 1.83;% m Tube length
Nt = Apro/(3.14*(do/1000)*L) % Number of tubes
Np = 6 ; % Number of passes
k1 = 0.0743;
n1 = 2.499;
Pt = 23.8125; % mm Tube pitch
% Tube bundle diameter
Db = do*(Nt/k1)^(1/n1); % mm Tube bundle diameter
c = 12.5 ; % mm Clearance
Di = Db + c % mm Shell ID
t = 2.11;% mm tube thickness
di = do-2*t % mm Tube inside diameter
%% Tube side heat transfet coefficient
Rw = 1000 ; % Kg/m^3 Density of water
Vw = 0.6726; % cP Viscosity of cooling water
at= (Nt/Np)*(3.14/4)*(di/1000)^2 % m^2 Tube side flow area
Gt = mw/at % Kg/m^2*s Tube side mass velocity
ut = Gt/Rw % m/s Tube side fluid velocity
Ret = (di*(10^-3)*Gt)/(Vw*10^-3) % Reynolds number of tube
side
% Water side heat transfer coefficient
AT = (to + ti)/2 ; % C Average temperature
hi = 4200*(1.35+ 0.02*AT)*(ut)^0.8 / di^0.2 % W/m^2 * C Water
side heat transfer coefficient
%% Calculation of shell side heat transfer coefficient
tw = 63.788;% C Tube wall temperature
Tav = (t1 + tw)/2; %C Mean temperature of condensate film
Vl = 0.62;% cP Viscosity of liquid
Rl = 800; % Kg/m^3 Density of n- propanol
Kc = 0.1628;% W / m*C Thermal condutivity of liquid
P = 1.098 ; % atm pressure
M = 60; % g/mol Molecular weight of n- propanol
R = 0.0821;% atm/mol*K Gas constant
T3 = t1 + 273.15; % K
Rv = (P*M)/(R*T3) % Kg/m^3 Density of vapour
Th = m/(L*Nt) % Kg/m*s Tube loading
Nr = (2/3)*(Db/Pt)% No. of central tube
hco = 0.95*Kc*((Rl*(Rl - Rv)*9.81)/(Vl*10^(-3)*Th))^(1/3)*
(Nr)^(-1/6)% W/m^2*C Condensation heat transfer coefficient
hosub = 283.77; % W/m^2*C Subcooling heat transfer coefficient
%% Calculate overall heat transfer coefficient
hid = 3480;% W/m^2*C dirt coefficient of tube side
hod = 3480;% W/m^2*C dirt coefficient of shell side
Kw = 16.3; % W/m*C Thermal conductivity of tube material
% For condensation Uoc
Uoc = 1/((1/hco)+(1/hod) +((do*0.001*log(do/di))/(2*Kw)) +
((do/di)*(1/hid)) + ((do/di)*(1/hi)))% W/m^2*C Overall
condensation heat trasfet coefficient
Acr = Qc*10^3/(Uoc*LMTDcon) % Heat transfer area of
condensation
% For Subcooling Uosub
Uosub = 1/(1/hosub)+(1/hod) +((do*0.001*log(do/di))/(2*Kw)) +
((do/di)*(1/hid)) + ((do/di)*(1/hi))% W/m^2*C Overall
Subcooling heat transfer coefficient
Asubr = Qsub*10^3/(Uosub*LMTDsub)% m^2 Heat transfer area of
subcooling
Atr = Acr + Asubr % m^2 Total heat transfer area required
Excessarea = ((Apro/Atr)-1)*100 % Pecentage heat transfer
excess area
MATLAB Command Window
Qc = 1.4507e+03
Qsub = 136.4039
Qt = 1.5871e+03
mw = 29.1587
Apro = 73.9571
Nt = 675.6223
Di = 743.6638
di = 14.8300
at = 0.0194
Gt = 1.4999e+03
ut = 1.4999
Ret = 3.3071e+04
hi = 7.1814e+03
Rv = 2.2582
Th = 0.0018
Nr = 20.4700
hco = 1.6694e+03
Uoc = 632.6222
Acr = 53.0654
Uosub = 283.7710
Asubr = 12.6908
Atr = 65.7563
Excessarea = 12.4715