Number Systems

1 [Solutions]

SELECT RESPONSE TYPE QUESTIONS

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. Choice (a) is correct.
p
A number r is called a rational number, if it can be written in the form
, where p and q are integers
q
and q π 0.
2. Choice (c) is correct.

4 2 12 4×3 2 3
= , rational ; = = = 2 rational ; 81 = 9 × 9 = 9, rational
9 3 3 3 3

But, 7 is irrational number.

3. Choice (c) is correct.
4. Choice (c) is correct.
1 5
The rational number between 2 and 3 = (2 + 3) =
2 2
5 5
lies between 2 and 3, i.e., 2 < < 3.
2 2
5. Choice (c) is correct.

1 2 3 1 3 2
The rational number between
and is , i.e., < < , i.e., 0.5 < 0.6 < 0.66.
2 3 5 3 5 3
6. Choice (c) is correct.
2 = 1.414… and 3 = 1.732 …
∴ Rational number between 2 and 3 is 1.6.

Number Systems 1
 7. Choice (c) is correct.
1 is a rational number but it is not an integer. So, choice (ii) is wrong.

3
0 is a whole number but not a natural number. So, (iv) is wrong.
8. Choice (d) is correct.
We know that the product of any two irrational numbers is sometimes rational, sometimes irrational.
For example, – 3 × 3 = – 3, which is a rational number, but 2 × 3 = 6 , which is an irrational
number.
9. Choice (d) is correct.
We know that 2 = 1.414215…
Clearly, the decimal representation of 2 is non-terminating non-recurring.
10. Choice (d) is correct.
A rational number can be represented either as a terminating decimal or a non-terminating repeating
decimal.
So, a rational number cannot have a non-terminating and non-recurring decimal representation.
11. Choice (d) is correct.
Let x = 0.9 = 0.99999.....

Multiplying both sides by 10, we get
10x = 9.99999 ...
⇒ 10x = 9 + 0.99999... ⇒ 10x = 9 + x
⇒ 10x – x = 9 ⇒ 9x = 9 ⇒ x = 1
p
Hence, the form of 0.9 is 1.
q
12. Choice (c) is correct.
2 3 + 3 = 3(2 + 1) = 3 × 3 = 3 3

13. Choice (b) is correct.
10 15 = 10 × 15 = 150 = 5 × 5 × 6 = 5 6

14. Choice (c) is correct.

( 3 + 5)( 3 − 5) = ( 3)2 − ( 5)2 = 3 – 5 = – 2

15. Choice (d) is correct.
1 1 9+ 8 9+ 8 9+ 8
= × = 2 2
= = 9 + 8 =3+ 4×2 =3+2 2
9− 8 9− 8 9+ 8 ( 9) − ( 8 ) 9−8
16. Choice (b) is correct.
32 + 48 16 × 2 + 16 × 3 4 2 + 4 3 4( 2 + 3) 4
= = = = =2
8 + 12 4×2 + 4×3 2 2 + 2 3 2( 2 + 3) 2
17. Choice (c) is correct.
We have
2+ 3 2+ 3 2+ 3 (2 + 3 )2 (2 + 3 )2 (2 + 3 )2
= × = = =
2– 3 2− 3 2+ 3 (2)2 − ( 3 )2 4−3 1

= 2 + 3 = 2 + 1.732 = 3.732

2 U-LIKE Mathematics–IX
 18. Choice (b) is correct.
1/3 3 × 1/3
1/3
 27 
1/3  3 3
=    =  
 54  3 3
=  =
 
250   125     5
 5  5
19. Choice (b) is correct.
1 1 1 1
− +
(16)− 4 × (16) 4 = (16)
4 4 = (16)0 = 1
20. Choice (b) is correct.
LCM of 3, 4 and 12 is 12.
1 4 1 3 1 1 5
2 3 = 2 12 ; 2 4 = 2 12 and 32 12 = (2 5 ) 12 = 2 12
1 1 1 4 3 5 4 3 5 12
+ +
3 4
(2) (2) (32) 12 = 2 12 × 2 12 × 2 12 = (2) 12 12
12 = (2) 12 = 21 = 2

COMPETENCY FOCUSED QUESTIONS

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. Choice (c) is correct.
Reason : Smallest whole number = 0, therefore – 5 is not a whole number.
2. Choice (d) is correct.
p
We know that any rational number can be written as where p and q are integers and q ≠ 0.
q
− 13 p
\ – 13 and
, which is the form where p and q are integers and q ≠ 0 is a true statement.
1 q

3. Choice (c) is correct.

5 7
Two rational numbers 5 and 7 can be written as and respectively.
1 1
5 7 5×7 7×7 35 49
and are equivalent to and i.e., and respectively.
1 1 1×7 1×7 7 7
x
Hence, any rational number lying between 5 and 7 can be written in the form if x lies between 35
7
and 49.
4. Choice (a) is correct.
We know that if the denominator of a rational number can be expressed in the form 2m × 5n, then it is
equivalent to terminating decimal.
33 33 ÷ 3 11 11
(a) = = = 2 ≈ terminating decimal.
75 75 ÷ 3 25 5

7 7
(b) = ≈/ terminating decimal.
18 2 × 32

14 14 ÷ 7 2
(c) = = ≈/ terminating decimal.
21 21 ÷ 7 3

Number Systems 3
 5
(d) ≈/ terminating decimal.
11
5. Choice (d) is correct.
5 = 4+1 = (2)2 + (1)2

Which is of the form Hypotenuse = (Base)2 + (Perpendicular)2 ,

where base = 2 units and perpendicular = 1 unit
Hence, (d) is the correct representation of 5 on number line.

ASSERTION-REASON QUESTIONS

1. Choice (c) is correct.

We know that square root of a prime number is an irrational number.
\
2 , 3 are irrational numbers.
p
Also, an irrational number cannot be expressed in the form .
q
Hence, Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
2. Choice (c) is correct.
a+b
We know that rational number lying between two rational numbers a and b is .
2
Also, there are infinitely many rational numbers lying between a and b.
Hence, Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
3. Choice (d) is correct.
Let x = 4.15 ...(1)
Multiplying both sides by 100, we get
100x = 415.15 ...(2)
Subtracting (1) from (2), we have
100x – x = 415.15 – 4.15
\ 99x = 411
411
⇒
x=
99
\ Assertion (A) is false.
Also, it is true that a non-terminating repeating decimal can be expressed as a rational number.
Hence, Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
4. Choice (c) is correct.
We have
271 p
    0.271 = which is of the form where p and q are integers and q ≠ 0.
1000 q
A terminating and a non-terminating recurring decimal can be expressed as a rational number but a
non-terminating non-recurring number is an irrational number.
Hence, Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

4 U-LIKE Mathematics–IX
 5. Choice (d) is correct.
We have
(1296)0.35 × (1296)0.15 = (1296)0.35 + 0.15 = (1296)0.50 [Q am × an = am + n]
1 1 1
4 4 2 4 2 4 2
= (2 ×3 ) = (2 ) × (3 ) [Q (a × b)m = am × bm]
= 22 × 32 = 4 × 9 = 36
Hence, Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

PRACTICE EXERCISE

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. Choice (c) is correct.
Every rational number is a real number.
2. Choice (d) is correct.
Decimal representation of a rational number can be terminating or non-terminating recurring but
cannot be non-terminating non-recurring.
3. Choice (d) is correct.

Since 2 is an irrational number and irrational number can be expressed as non-terminating non-
recurring decimal.
4. Choice (c) is correct.

4 4 2
(a) = = , a rational number
9 9 3

12 2 3
(b) = = 2 , a rational number
3 3

(c) 7 , an irrational number

(d) 81 = 9, a rational number

5. Choice (d) is correct.
We know that the decimal expansion an irrational number is non-terminating non-recurring.
\ 0.4014001400014.... is irrational.
6. Choice (c) is correct.
We have
2 = 1.414... and 3 = 1.732...

\ Possible rational number between

2 and 3 is 1.5.
7. Choice (c) is correct.
We have
2 −1 2 −1 2 −1 ( 2 − 1)2 ( 2 − 1)2 2 −1
= × = = =
2 +1 2 +1 2 −1 ( 2 )2 − (1)2 2
( 2 ) − (1) 2 2−1

2 −1 2 −1
= = = 2 − 1 = 1.4142 – 1 = 0.4142
1 1

Number Systems 5
 8. Choice (d) is correct.
We have
1 1 1 3+2 2 3+2 2 3+2 2
= = × = 2 2
= = 3+2 2
9− 8 3−2 2 3−2 2 3+2 2 (3) − (2 2 ) 9−8

9. Choice (d) is correct.

We have
−3 −3
 8 2 2 −3 3
 64  2
=    =  
8
=   =
5 125
   
25  5  5 8 512
10. Choice (c) is correct.
We have 2 1 2 1 2
3× ×
3 3 3 2 3
( x ) = [( x ) ] = x 2 3 = x1 = x

ASSERTION-REASON QUESTIONS
11. Choice (a) is correct.
Let x = 0.857142 ...(1)
Multiplying both sides by 1000000, we get
1000000x = 857142.857142 ...(2)
Subtracting (1) from (2), we have
1000000x – x = 857142
⇒ 999999x = 857142
857142 31746
⇒
x= = , a rational number
999999 37037
Hence, both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
12. Choice (d) is correct.
2 + 3 = 1.414 + 1.732 = 3.146

and 5 = 2.236

\
2+ 3 ≠ 5
Hence, Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 MARKS)

13. We know that square root of a prime number is an irrational number.
Here, 2 is a prime number.
Hence, 2 is an irrational number.
14. Three numbers whose decimal expansions are non-terminating non-recurring are :
0.01001000100001..., 0.02002000200002..., 0.03003000300003...
[There are infinite non-terminating non-recurring decimal numbers.
\ The numbers may vary]

6 U-LIKE Mathematics–IX
 15. We have two numbers
5 9
and
7 11
5 9
= 0.71428... and = 0.8181...
7 11
5 9
A rational number lying between and = 0.72
7 11
[Q Decimal expansion of a rational number can be terminating]
5 9
An irrational number lying between and = 0.7207200720007...
7 11
[Q Decimal expansion of an irrational number can be non-terminating non-recurring]
16. We have

5 5 3+ 5
= × [Rationalising the denominator]
3− 5 3− 5 3+ 5

5( 3 + 5 ) 5( 3 + 5 ) 5
= = = − ( 3 + 5)
2
( 3) − ( 5) 2 3−5 2
17. We have
6 −9 3x
 3  5 =  
3
     5
5 3
6
 3  3 =  3
9 3x   a −m  b m 
⇒
Q   =
   
5 5
 
5  b  a  

6+9 3x
⇒
 3 =  
3
[Q am × an = am + n]
   5
5
15 3x
⇒
 3 =  
3
   5
5
⇒
3x = 15 [Q am = an ⇒ m = n]
15
⇒
x= =5
3
18. We have
y z x y z x
LHS = x − 1 y × y − 1 z × z− 1 x = × × = × × = 1
x y z x y z
= 1 = RHS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (3 MARKS)

3 4
19. Five rational number between and
5 5
3 30 4 40
i.e.,
= and =
5 50 5 50
30 40 31 32 33 34 35
i.e.,
and are , , , , .
50 50 50 50 50 50 50
[There are infinite rational numbers lying between two rational numbers. So, answers may vary]

Number Systems 7
 20. Let x = 1.272727..... = 1.27 ...(1)
Multiplying (1) by 100 on both sides, we get
100x = 127.27 ...(2)
Subtracting (1) and (2), we get
100x – x = 127.27 − 1.27
⇒
99x = 126
126
⇒
x=
99
14
⇒
x=
11
p
which is of the form .
q
21. We have

3+2 2 + 5−2 6 = 1+ 2 + 2 2 + 2 + 4 − 2 6

= (1)2 + ( 2 )2 + 2(1)( 2 ) + ( 2 )2 + ( 3 )2 − 2( 2 )( 3 )

= (1 + 2 )2 + ( 3 − 2 )2 = (1 + 2 ) + ( 3 − 2 ) = 1 + 3

1 −1 1 −1 2 −3
9 3 × 27 2 (3 2 ) 3 3 2
× (3 ) 33 × 32
22. We have 1 −2 = 1 −2
= −2
1
36 × 33 36 × 33 36 ×3 3

2  − 3 1  − 2 4 − 9−1+ 4 −2 –1
+ − −
3  2  6  3  6
= 3 = 3 = 36 = 33

23. We have
4 1 2 4 1 2 4 1 2
+ + = + + = + +
−2 −3 −1 −2 −3 −1
6− 2 4− 3 3− 1
3 3 4 4 5 5
(216) 3 (256) 4 (243) 5 (6 ) (4 ) (3 )
= 4 × 62 + 1 × 43 + 2 × 31 = 144 + 64 + 6 = 214

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (5 MARKS)

24. We have
a= 5+2 6 ...(1)

1 1 1 5−2 6 5−2 6
and b= = = × =
a 5+2 6 5+2 6 5−2 6 (5)2 − (2 6 )2

5−2 6 5−2 6
= = = 5−2 6 ...(2)
25 − 24 1

Now, a2 + b2 = (5 + 2 6 )2 + (5 − 2 6 )2 [Using (1) and (2)]

= 25 + 24 + 20 6 + 25 + 24 − 20 6 = 25 + 24 + 25 + 24 = 98

8 U-LIKE Mathematics–IX
 25. We have

4 4  1 1 
+ = 4 + 
3 3 −2 2 3 3 +2 2  3 3 − 2 2 3 3 + 2 2 
 (3 3 + 2 2 ) + (3 3 − 2 2   6 3  24 3
= 4  2 2  = 4  =
 (3 3 ) − (2 2 )   27 − 8  19

24 × 1.732 41.568
= = = 2.188
19 19
26. We have

1 1 3− 4 3− 4 3− 4 3− 4
= × = = = = − 3+ 4 ...(1)
3+ 4 3+ 4 3− 4 ( 3 )2 − ( 4 )2 3−4 −1

1 1 4− 5 4− 5 4− 5 4− 5
= × = = = = − 4+ 5 ...(2)
4+ 5 4+ 5 4− 5 ( 4 )2 − ( 5 )2 4−5 −1

1 1 5− 6 5− 6 5− 6 5− 6
= × = = = = − 5+ 6 ...(3)
5+ 6 5+ 6 5− 6 ( 5 ) 2 − ( 6 )2 5−6 −1

1 1 6− 7 6− 7 6− 7 6− 7
= × = = = = − 6+ 7 ...(4)
6+ 7 6+ 7 6− 7 ( 6 )2 − ( 7 )2 6−7 −1

1 1 7− 8 7− 8 7− 8 7− 8
= × = = = = − 7+ 8 ...(5)
7+ 8 7+ 8 7− 8 ( 7 ) 2 − ( 8 )2 7−8 −1

1 1 8− 9 8− 9 8− 9 8− 9
= × = = = = − 8+ 9 ...(6)
8+ 9 8+ 9 8− 9 ( 8 )2 − ( 9)2 8−9 −1
Adding (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6), we have
1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + + + +
3+ 4 4+ 5 5+ 6 6+ 7 7+ 8 8+ 9

= (− 3 + 4 ) + (− 4 + 5 ) + (− 5 + 6 ) + (− 6 + 7 ) + (− 7 + 8 ) + (− 8 + 9)

= − 3 + 9 = − 3 + 3 = 3 – 3
27. We have
7 −5
7 −5
 5− 1 × 7 2  2  5− 2 × 7 3  2
−1 − 2 2 − ( − 4) 2 −2 − 3 3 − ( − 5)
 2 −4
 × 3 −5
 = [5 × 7 ] × [5 ×7 ]2
 5 × 7   5 × 7 
7 −5 7 7 −5 −5
−3 −5
= [5 × 76 ]2 × [5 ×7 8
]2 = (5 − 3 ) 2 × (7 6 ) 2 × (5 −5
)2 × (7 8
)2

− 21 25 − 21 25
+
= 5 2 × 7 21 × 5 2 × 7 − 20 = 5 2 2 × 7 21 + ( − 20)
= 52 × 71 = 25 × 7 = 175

Number Systems 9
 28. We have
2x − 1
a=
2x − 2
⇒
a = 2x – 1 – (x – 2)
⇒
a = 2x – 1 – x + 2
⇒
a = 21
⇒
a =2 ...(1)

2− x
and b=
2x + 1
⇒ b = 2– x – (x + 1)
⇒ b = 2– x – x – 1
⇒ b = 2– 2x – 1 ...(2)
Also, we have
a–b=0
–2x – 1
\ 2–2 =0 [Using (1) and (2)]
1
⇒
2− =0
22 x + 1

2 × 22 x + 1 − 1
⇒
=0
22 x + 1
⇒ 22x + 2 – 1 = 0
⇒ 22x + 2 = 1
⇒ 22x + 2 = 20 [Q 20 = 1]
⇒ 2x + 2 = 0 [Q am = an ⇒ m = n]
⇒ 2x = – 2
⇒ x=–1
29. We have
b+c−a c+a−b a+b−c
 xb   xc   xa 

 c × a × b
x  x  x 

= x(b − c )(b + c − a) × x(c − a)(c + a − b ) × x( a − b )( a + b − c )

2
+ bc − ab − bc − c 2 + ac 2
+ ac − bc − ac − a2 + ab 2
+ ab − ac − ab − b 2 + bc
= x b × xc × xa
2
− c 2 − ab + ac 2
− a2 − bc + ab 2
− b 2 − ac + bc
= x b × xc × xa
2
− c 2 − ab + ac + c 2 − a2 − bc + ab + a2 − b 2 − ac + bc
= x b
= x0 = 1
30. We observe that
17 = 16 + 1 = (4)2 + (1)2
Let OX be a number line on which O represents 0 and A represents 4 unit length. Draw a line AB
perpendicular to OA and mark B on it so that AB = 1 unit length. Then using Pythagoras theorem,
OB2 = OA2 + AB2
OB2 = (4)2 + (1)2 ⇒ OB2 = 16 + 1

10 U-LIKE Mathematics–IX
 ⇒
OB2 = 17 ⇒ OB = 17

Using a compass, with centre O and radius OB, draw an arc which intersects the number line at the
point P. Then P corresponds to 17 on the number line.
31. Mark the distance 6.3 units from a fixed point A on the given line to obtain point B such that
AB = 6.3 units (see figure). From B, mark a distance of 1 unit and mark the new point as C. Find the
mid-point of AC and mark the point as O. Draw a semi-circle with centre O and radius OC. Draw a
line perpendicular to AC passing through B and intersecting the semi-circle at D. Then BD = 6.3
units.
Let us treat the line BC as the number line with B as zero, C as 1 and so on. Draw an arc with centre B
and radius BD = 6.3 units, which intersects the number line at E (see figure).

Then, E represents 6.3 units on the number line.

Number Systems 11