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Cement-Cork Mortar for Thermal Insulation

The document contains two reviews of a research paper on cement mortar using cork aggregate as a partial sand substitute. Reviewers highlight the need for clarity on the final use of the mortar, its compatibility with historical constructions, and improvements in writing and formatting. Additionally, they emphasize the importance of sustainability and suggest further research on cork's long-term durability and alternatives.

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Irieix costa
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
5 views3 pages

Cement-Cork Mortar for Thermal Insulation

The document contains two reviews of a research paper on cement mortar using cork aggregate as a partial sand substitute. Reviewers highlight the need for clarity on the final use of the mortar, its compatibility with historical constructions, and improvements in writing and formatting. Additionally, they emphasize the importance of sustainability and suggest further research on cork's long-term durability and alternatives.

Uploaded by

Irieix costa
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Review 1

Reviewer's Comments on the Contribution

Comments for the Authors:


The authors presented a contribution about the mix-design and
related characterization of a cement mortar loaded with cork
aggregate in partial substitution (from 10 to 80%) of the sand. The
research adds to the quite well-developed field of research of cement
mortars with thermal insulating (organic, vegetable, inorganic, etc.)
aggregated is.
Unfortunately, the core issues raised during the review of the Abstract
remain unaltered.
It is not clear which is the final use of the proposed cement-cork
mortar. Probably, given the attention to the thermal conductivity, I
can infer that the final target might be a plaster with improved
thermal insulation properties. This aspect must be clearly stated in
the paper. There are different objectives and performances required
from a plaster rather than a structural/bedding mortar. If a mortar is
“…a viable material for construction…” depends on the on its final
use and related requirements.
Moreover (and again), is cement compatible with all existing
substrates or with only specific existing/historic constructions? This
aspect must be discussed in the paper. Indeed, you are submitting a
paper to a conference titled " Structural Analysis of Historical
Constructions”. Where is it the “historical/cultural heritage” part? Why
not use Natural Hydraulic Lime (NHL), maybe NHL5, or a Roman
Cement?
Additionally, please proof check the English writing and the technical
wording, use British English, avoid using Spanish, be less verbose and
more concise, adhere to the paper format for the conference.
Unless the aforementioned points and the following specific
comments are fixed, my recommendation is that this paper shall be
rejected.

Specific comments:
Abstract, p. 1: the state purpose in the opening sentence, as it is
presented, does not have anything to do with cultural heritage and
historical constructions. Moreover, cement is binder that might be
used only for specific historical constructions, not for all. Additionally,
even if cement is a viable for a specific (modern) architectural
heritage, the use of cork as aggregate might not be straightforwardly
accepted. Lastly, the final use of the proposed mortar must be clearly
discussed and presented.
#1, p. 2: 3rd paragraph: the objective is too vague and disconnected
from architectural heritage.
#1, p. 2, 5th paragraph: please remove it. It is unnecessary.
#2, p. 2: this section must be merged within section 1.
#3, p. 3: this section is verbose, and it can be rewritten in a more
concise manner. Moreover, all the testing standards must be reported
within the References section, eventually pointing to their English
version (e.g. EN 1015-11 and so on, instead of UNE EN 1015-11,
which is just the Spanish translation)
#3, p.3: which was the type of sand used? Is it the standard sand as
per EN 196-1? Is it a quartz sand?
#3, p. 3: is the sand substitution done in terms of weight or volume?
This aspect must be clarified.
#4, p. 4: this section is quite trivial (you are using known standards),
and it can be merged and compacted within section 3. Nonetheless,
all the used specific standards must be quoted. The EN-1015 family
has 21 standards, and the authors did not used all of them. Moreover,
it would be useful knowing which version of each standard the
authors used (e.g. year of publication at least).
#5, p. 4-8: also this section is verbose, and it can be rewritten in a
more concise manner. Moreover, the quality of graphs must be
improved, you must avoid using Spanish words, you must adhere to
the paper format for the conference (e.g. table formatting, figures
captions, tables and figures must be quoted within the text, etc.).
Which is the thermal conductivity of the cement-sand mortar? Is it
something around 2-2,2 W/(m K)? If so, a thermal conductivity of
1.681 W/(mK) is quite a poor performance concerning thermal
insulation, given also the 60% (weight?) replacement of sand with
cork.
#6, p. 8-10: this section is verbose, and it can be rewritten in a more
concise manner. Which is the water adsorption of the sole cork? How
does cork behave in presence of water/moisture? Table 2 is excessive,
average data might suffice.
#7 and 8; these sections must be updated according to the
comments provided.
#9 – Figures: this is an unusual section. Please remove it. Include the
figures within the text with the due captions and duly quoted within
the text. Avoid using Spanish. Improve the pictures and graphs
quality. Moreover, please respect the paper format and page limit for
a full paper.

Review 2

Reviewer's Comments on the Contribution


Comments for the Authors:
This study evaluated cork waste as a substitute for sand in mortar to
enhance thermal insulation and sustainability. Medium-sized cork (2–4
mm) at 40–50% volume replacement offered the best balance of
strength and insulation. Limited cork availability may hinder
scalability; future research should explore alternatives and long-term
durability. Sustainability is a highly relevant issue, and efforts to
enhance the sustainability of concrete should be encouraged to foster
ongoing discussion and innovation within the scientific community.

Common questions

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The reviewers suggested addressing verbosity by rewriting sections in a more concise manner, merging trivial sections with others, and focusing on relevant content without unnecessary detail . This is important because concise writing enhances clarity and readability, making it easier for readers to grasp core findings and concepts. It also helps in adhering to required format guidelines and page limits, which is crucial for the efficient dissemination of research in academic settings .

The potential benefits of replacing sand with cork in mortar include enhanced thermal insulation and sustainability, as cork is a natural, organic material . The reviewers acknowledged that a 40-50% volume replacement of sand with cork offered a good balance of strength and insulation . However, drawbacks include concerns regarding the thermal performance not meeting high insulation standards, limited availability of cork affecting scalability, and potential challenges in acceptance for certain historical or architectural applications .

The reviewers mentioned that limited availability of cork could potentially hinder the scalability of the mortar solution. This implies that while cork offers benefits in terms of sustainability and thermal insulation, its scarcity may limit the widespread adoption and commercial viability of the mortar on a larger scale . The reviewers thus advised exploring alternative materials that could provide similar benefits to address this limitation .

Reviewers recommended several improvements for the presentation of research data and findings. They advised incorporating all specific standards used, with correct references, and ensuring the use of the English versions of these standards . They also suggested concise rewriting of verbose sections and better formatting of tables and figures, including improved quality, proper captions, and appropriate integration within the text . Enhancing graphical representation and adhering strictly to the conference's paper format was also emphasized .

The reviewers found the paper's discussion disconnected from the theme of architectural heritage because the purpose stated in the abstract did not relate to cultural heritage or historical constructions . They noted that cement as a binder might only be suitable for specific historical constructions, which was not adequately addressed in the paper . Additionally, there was a lack of discussion regarding the compatibility and implications of using cork as an aggregate within historical contexts, which is critical for aligning the research with the theme of architectural heritage .

The reviewers stressed the importance of clearly defining the final use of the cement-cork mortar to align the research findings with practical applications and requirements. This clarity is crucial because different applications, such as plaster or structural/bedding mortar, have distinct performance requirements and objectives . A well-defined application would help assess the viability and optimization of the cement-cork mortar for specific uses, which is critical for both acceptance in industry standards and historical preservation .

The reviewers emphasized the importance of using British English and proper technical wording to adhere to academic standards and enhance clarity in research communications . This suggests that academic writing requires precision and adherence to specific linguistic standards to ensure that the research findings are presented consistently and comprehensibly, facilitating better understanding and acceptance within the scientific community. It also highlights the necessity of following format guidelines specific to the target audience or conference .

The reviewers suggested using Natural Hydraulic Lime (NHL), specifically NHL5, or Roman Cement as alternatives to cement for historical constructions. These alternatives are preferred because they are more compatible with historical materials and methods. NHL, in particular, has properties such as flexibility, permeability, and compatibility with older structures, which help preserve the authenticity and integrity of historical buildings .

The use of cork aggregate in cement mortar is intended to reduce thermal conductivity, thereby improving thermal insulation. However, the reviewers expressed concerns that the thermal conductivity of the proposed mix, which was around 1.681 W/(mK), may still be suboptimal compared to industry standards for effective thermal insulation, especially given the significant sand replacement percentage (60% by weight) with cork . This suggests that while there is some improvement, it may not be sufficient to meet desired performance levels for thermal insulation applications.

The reviewers highlighted several issues regarding the compatibility of cork-aggregate cement mortar with historical constructions. First, they questioned the appropriateness of using cement as a binder for historical structures, suggesting the use of Natural Hydraulic Lime (NHL) or Roman Cement as more suitable alternatives . They also noted that the specific application of the mortar in historical or cultural heritage contexts was not clearly defined in the paper, which is crucial for assessing its viability for such uses . Furthermore, the reviewers expressed concern about the potential acceptance of cork as an aggregate in historical contexts, further complicating its integration .

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