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The document outlines various mathematical activities aimed at demonstrating concepts such as continuity, one-to-one and onto functions, minimum area of rectangles, and shortest distance between skew lines. Each activity includes objectives, required materials, methods of construction, demonstrations, and observations. The activities are designed to enhance understanding of mathematical principles through practical applications.
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Objeekve — To knd anaby tically Hae Umit of a funedion
SUD) ak m=& amd alge to check the continuity af the
Sumetton ak Hoot point.
Matemials neprtned ~ While shed of papow, pom
peneils, ealeulator. .
Method of donstruetion -
. 2X
1 Cowsidem tre fumetton Slo) = a #4
ged.
R Take come points on the test side of e(=4)ed
inky an the eight side of 6, Whith ate
‘some Pd
A Record the values of oe ond $x),
Demomsnation a
emonstnatton
py the values of amd Slory ane meeonded %
follows 1 : : j
ivle-1* Fow points am the Left of ¢
ow 92% | O99 4. 9H 13-9999
7999 | +9999 |
40 BD | 799
Teble-21 for points om the coight of ¢
Fb01 |t-0al
[aot too! |
or [evoet
[ow [At | att
Seo) | bel | 8-0!dbsemvation and Comalusion=
dbsemvation and Comalusion-
» the values e tx) fs appreaching to 3, as u04fn0m
the Lest.
Y The values of ey 15 approaching 48 , m4 5 Sov
the might.
» SO, ie H® = @ ond ee) =
Dw sO = 8, gaya 8
5) Sd, Wow glee) =
nD 4
= §(4)
Zz Since, $e) ae ew,
ae.
$00), $0, the eval
Dis Mie cata
snail tes sckaesn AMS achat
the come opt of nwt and aamiénucty of 1 ducnehion
ok pene.@
Oljeckve - 15 demonstrate a dunutton when
one-one but onto,
ah fs moe
Matemials mequwned — cardboard, marls , string S Plastic
Sips, geometny bow , adhesive, Phite sheet of papers. —
Method of consfnuct ion — |
1 Paste a playic strip an the Loft hand side of |
thre cardboard amd 4% tance morls on fb Name
tha mols Lb Land 2.
2> Paste amothen stip om the might hand side of
we cardboard and din tuo aacls on ik. Name
He mails o and b,
> Join morte on the Lesh stop fo the math on
the onighe Strip .
Demonstration —
p Toke sat f& =? nr
2) Take su Baza, uy
Y Join the comnespondiay cloments of A to the
ipreniespending deoments of B.
Observation amd dpnaluston —
Oe OP tase tg eae EE tee
DiyThe image of the element 4 of set a inthe
gue is &
cr) the tmoge
bet B PS b
of the element 2 of seb A in theGP) The fmoye of element > of seb a In sf
ig 4
ay the distinek element Q and % maps to one element b,
$0,the FuntHon fs met one-one |
> The pre -fmape. of exth clement of B in & omish,
$0, the Jumetion *s onto -
Hemee, the given dunekion ( onto. AS the dunetton
4:8 5B, Wheme & =e L35 amd & a parse
dodimed os += 3 01,0), (2,6), ¥¥ Pe mek one-one
but onto.
epplicabion — Thte aekevity can be used to demuniinde
Hho concept of one —one amd onto function,8
OVioede ;
jective +. +, verify teal amom ah aM she. medlanples of the,
Same perimeter , the square los the manimum anon,
Materials meg udvaed —
Dmawiy board, white sheet af papers, a pain of Scissors,
fovidikk, sheteh pens, heomeboy bow
Metiod of cont muction-
> Take a drawing board ef a convencert stee and parte a
Arite sheet of “paper on tt.
2) Moke mectargles cath af povameter ad Ag oa on a
chart Paper. Rectan les of Attoxent dimervstons ae
qiven in the Sqwes,
> Heme Rit 16 cmxo cm Rot gemn > Cm
Rot iyemn oom Rar prem tem
Roel l2onx% 120m Rel wg or tl oom
Re! or Cem 13-5em
Demonstpatcon —
Dd fnew of mectanyle, Ry = 6X8 ems 128 en
Aner of
FQ = oK@ om? = 196 om™
fren of Ry
Anew of B4
Anew of be
frer of Re 12-CXIE am? = LY See ome
fren Of RE = $oSx19-S Cm” = 141+ FE em™
W
14% 10 ow* 2148 am?
18x om = (4 350m>
ire em* = YY Gm
v
nv
wRy me Fe
5 5
o 2
[Link]
15 cm 14 cm,
Fi i) (iii)
R, Rs
5
5 2
3 g
[Link] 12cm [Link]
” 4 "
(iv)D Portmeters of each weclavgle (Ss same but thein anew
ane disderent. Avoca of mectangles Ra ts the mankonum
oH fs a sqvone of side i2em.
Obsorouatioms amd conclusions. —
O Perimeter of each neclangles Ri, Rr Fd, ba, Rovbe,
Ry fs equal.
D> Anew of mechamgle BWRo Less Ham atea of Re.
S Amer of Kb Lesh tham He aren of Re.
PD The mmectenge Rg bas the dtmonsiors 12 Cm X12 Om
amd honee it is a squore .
> oF ol the mectarytes With game poumeter,
the S9MME hab the manumum ater:
> Let the Lents amd breadth of mettamle be
oe amd y. The poimmdter of tho rectangle is 4gem.
2(u+y) =48
Z ys Q4-%
Let Als) ve the area of netiangle , then
Ala) = 1 = (24-%) = Ran %*
ANCX) 29.4 -20
Alen) so 2) aq ano
DW RID
ANC) = _ 2 sete
a" (12)=-2 <0Themedone, area $ mancimum When % 212
YR 24-idsie
SO, MSY ald
Henee, aanong ste OM are mectary les , He squire hos the
manimum anea,
Aypliealion — rite ackivtly ts whebl fn explaining
the idea of mancimmum of a funckion,®
Objective 7 measure dhe chonlest disforce bebdeen 4d
Skew nes ond verity tt mal Henly.
Materials meg wimed — Cardboard , graph Paper, thence plastic
VIseks of size 2emX 2emXaem each amd one wecden
vleck of sfee REM LEmX 4A om, wérws of diSherent
Lanye, sot squovees, a fevibond, seole ete.
Methed of aombtnuchon
> Parke a graph paper on a cardboard and dar
ie mutually poxpendientar tines fo oupresent Ao entes
and Yr anser
Y Labdl the vlocks 3,G anda of fae Dem x rowy
2em amd vleck of sfee pamysemx4em os @.
DY Place the theks af PlLe), Réos,
2), a6,
S46) ~espectively . Ded
of th
2 blecks LT amd Mm, using wines,
Y Toin the points R and $, the cemtnes of tre eps
of the vlocks @ amd WV, wcing vines,
Sy tw Toin a vine p expendioularly wid the skew
Knes PB amd Re,
:
Measure dhe actual LentDemonstration -
) A set square fs placed In such a way tok its one
perpendicular side {s alow PB,
2 Move tro set~sqnsre along PO 4 its other pexpenditlar
side Jouches the other wine. Nom measure the Shortest
ditamee Laween Pb and AS.
dbsexvations amd _conclustore —
Y The chondost distance beween tuo shea tines by
moaswremone PS +5 ow
2 The equelion of PB, whan P(t, 6,0) and 8420)
ts wm -G+e5) 4>C5h-u})
y ~The equnakcon ef RS, When ACy,2, 2) amd $(46,4)
9 o > ;
is B= (f+ ofa) tac ct u5 +28)
A $0, ay. | —-4 0G, xB)
San
[e* ei]
(5+ 2jte
petri xCate Br2®)|
R76) iB) dst rtd ae)
G Break): ah — 10d t40®)
-| [— Ft —105 + 4oR|ye o tH 2th
[ero 0 Jive 4
RF
the chombest distance batween te eran nes Pa and
ng ts approrimetel y equal by booth ways,
Application — This aetivity is helped to enplatn the concept
of sker UMes and shontest dittrmee between trom.0 ESS IEE
Obj eek ve — : p
Cbieenve- fd the Hime ailen tne ata af a medargle
od given dimenstors Lecomes omarnitmum, TE te length
devreasing and the bweadth s inereasing ak given wakes,
Materials eq wived - chart paper, scale, eraser, Paper cuter,
Pencil, cord board «
Metiad of dombroucton |
@ Take a wectangle 6 of dfmensions Gem x 2 em,
@ Te Leng of the enectang le is decreasing at the make
of Lem/e amd the breadth v6 inexeasing at the rpabe of
Qew/ ceeond -
® cot oten mectamgle Ay) fis A4) Ao, ag, Az’ Ba Ao
of dimomeione IFemx 10 dm, OMX Dem, BEML 140K,
tmx 16em, HEMmx 1@ UNM, Bo LHX Qoam, Dem x L2Gm,
gemx 24 om. |
@ Poste these neotamsles on a cardboard ,
a) Length of the meckangle deeensiay at te mate of 1s
amd the breadth ts inexearing at tho wate of 2em/s.
© Area of nectamglenfa = 1oxe > 128 cm”
@ rw of Bg = 1619 = 1D cw? ( akter (see)
® free of by = i2H1y = [6 befasten 2 sec)
© fren of 4 = 19x = |e 2emt( atten » see)
(® frnoa of Ay = 14x12 = 1g2em*( atten 4 see)
—a, Os A, 10 ae
16 15 14
@ (i) (ii)
As 16 As 18 A, 20 Ag 22
a
J "1 10 9
(v) : (vi) (vii) (viii)® gn
© eo he = gyn = 198 aut (aster © #6)
Anew of A+ = R0x10 = 269 am? (adber 6 se
® fren of Ag = ong > 199 ami ( otter TF ste)
Thus , the oan of nr eclaogle ig macretmum abbor 6 eee
Obsemvations aod ele conclu sion - e.
@ Ree tamgle ad amanuemum arwo.(aslen 6 see’) = 2e0 eee
@ ee rectangles manioum ater 6 Sel .
@ tet the tom tH, and breadth of vretemgle bea andb,
length of mnectemgle after + see =a
bmeadth of moodtemng le aftem £ cee = b+ae
fre after t set ACE) = (a-t) (e+ 2€)
= ab — bt + gat —2t*
A(t) = -b+ 2a -4t
Alte) =o = —~b+Q~-4& =O
> 4 = Raab
A“ (2-4
al /aa-b\) 2. -4 40
Cas
bk
Thins, ACE) PS marrmum af & = a See,
Here, @ =lo% be & Ow
pie, Beeb. 5 24-26 see,
, 4 4
Henee, ater g set, the area will become nacncin
‘UM,
TeApplication - yee activity cam be used in explatn’
the coneept of rote of change and optimisation of a
dunetion.