mionduems

Fonbsde

Eneg33

97 d >>a 3

No in eaachan b)w
3s 3p Sevls.

ne
hne s no sbh rng
Vsi ble

eemeng Xe vel s4e Sam.

E 8 bc
the ato ms wee in Hhe hee Shote
m teo mic Spacing

The spiting a
s n
level om memces henes
h e n e is no Ch i Cmeng

Aevds aei
She(s.

1) b <4C oms
Aeve o 3s¬3 Jevds eath
he enen
enen
g e nmbe e
Siqhtl Chand We gat
a

ackes levels (2n levels o 33) 6n levls

3p
Hhe 3pbs
3sf3
Tdures
he speodin o enng
Jm) 4 he m
levels. Sinve s vay or (o1 aom
eV. This ol(ee ho
3s 3 p Javds is rhe sada ot hew
b

Spa ces eveks is (afled 0ene

Ce sel
 Date..
''**'''''''''*'****'' Page No.
Expt. No.

S b >a
qal bw 3sf3p Xeutls lampl t l, displots
The e n
evksna onbnuaus ly disibwtes Ln i s
SN cmAd o dishnish bl Hhe e
Studn itis hsr possible
o 3s3p Sub she}{s a tcm
snly Ja kk
elonsing
Aeuels ee ises 4 N Jayels
cae emp

9 a
Re bond 4nilled cnnyleudsis
A absalut 2eaa
d eme p ave N n ill
Selp cna ed aem hhond
Valsnte Bank s
he leL e a e s q 4 a u s nt Cailedlonduchn bcmd
nalle cmn eueks c Calcd
Co nduthen Bon d

A OX Ten
t S i l eV
he-o-72eV

Ven e fowd S roe

* * * ' *

'

'***
'
Teacher's Signature...
 Classpcahon oh Soias on He bo sis o Teong
tnen g6od)

1Conducons
Fen mehals Hhe londuthon b Gnd C8

s poially les wih e

Cenduthen fValente bod .V
ea T*is
pontly Veala
lensidaned ho
ath
met has Sing

Eneag b Gns hi this pqky 6illd pootl

2)I, sul fen

C
he eman a-r is ut Snx
E 3 e v ). Due dny
eme P n e ble 3-v
omVal,e bond e V B
Conduch- bod evem i he elechie
eld s afplied

) SemiConde ens
At 2 mo e\vm ,elehons
Cne nor able k Caass even

his Sm al enenr zalp f heme

lomdushoa bond s kkall tnp
Mowev ar noom kmp Same by S llev

e acfvine hemal cmny t e 9o72

aneatr h on enengn bnd o b l e s s 3 «V
EXDI. TV **

Date..
Page NO..

A wmp n lenduthan bond

,eldHh e c kaee
meve Qnapplains
i a Sn a eleai
eld
tenm levels
1tis Hhaf enea eyel in emen
kich bad saas
pae Se o manCvanem aA e4heles)betsm
hal
-LninSi Semconduc > A pune Semttonduc whrth
See ey F tatad tntainsi Smi
nfain sic SemiCanduchns
A OK feapeaabuae Cne Caa
Layakal acks oas elecEais
wns nhe mnmumm

emeAaA Atginsd h aus

bar e Cona leat bsnd
a is 072 2eV._ (e
Asaadally, he fem inasases ) U
s
a OK_h tetbend elehon 9ao dually
da k
nheara lMea
lmeaq Vihnshou oh e hecomessE

he CValenkhend heaks amd hen

bae aks aa h eemp placL
Covaleat bond
e Calledhale h c
Vacomcy
ne lel i he bond s
hele ma
Lnteana itid apdicd heae laee e I-Ietlh-
eld
pasit diaechon Canshtu k a Cyaaatlo
****'**'****
ti ire.....
.
 lo nducton a d
s
bull C.9

He e penafiu
[Link] bond
e
he
inatases 0-72eU
adualy
esechou
md &d Filed
bneaks
Va lemtt bond unP
nom
Conduchon bomd
e
In Ho
behind He
he le i
Se ave
is
Nev le
Oalence bon d .

ir zbbouing
esihve Chne he nc }hb
ne
eat as
e
V
Vaalle
emmi e
e bb ond,
hbouning h e iu maved

he neig n ow
Cavahy (hole)
now

a Hnacts info h e Cav4h This w a q heles heles

eleho
elechon
Come
Cone iks wa
This
Valei b oud.
Valmce md
in he
bo Sihan
mmh o ha
ohofe lesd
sA
f'o Gno then 6.
C6. vemmh
Meve
Me
V. 4 e
moves
i
moves
ih C
uAuA
nmn ntt
elecbic feld 9ves
mde
elethen

leveJi main Sic Fem

Leves
a)Femi
1s in He Cmis
Semicondutn
648
mid way blo C
V.B
eré
b) Numbe densih o n en c 2 r

inthnsie Semmitonáuc
hole 1n
uhich Conha huh
Conbathuik
Da 6
eap
Hhe Cha (annen

enbeahu
On nneas(n
Su bficic o1
) inneases
leehole) b n e t much

nduchvy
lo
C ood
 Expt. N O . . . ''*'''*°°'''*
Date.
Page NO..
DPin
Depin s aPaace ss bcaat
desLabl mpvala a bm b p S addhon ta
ediy its paopeahes in an tmicoudut te to
a
bms taalled mnn: L
added on Callks O honts:
asded
added m ay b Lpoat pea mllan LppmD heimpnlee
dopinsPastSs,t is Acquintd mat.
The dop md aha sheu taks_Hhe
posibsn d Seicondu.
ahmin he a hke
TheeCne s tae Dahemt o skaud nor distmt te
Cauat latise
ii he Si He Depont a shaold be almest hessm
0s Has Hhe Cazatal ah
iVThe_Lanstatauti on Dapsat a bins sheuld nat k Line
nat m es h % d lae Cagaha ah)

Dapin a Ocaicoaduia
en eat
iincAessests e leca
londuchvity fe a nea

Mehod Daþins > ) Ad fhs impunity a n . .

he melt athe Senmicondusm
abns sphe
i Hea he (ayahellih Scmicandus in n
Se Kral19t
ert malecules
Lantaunin4
nainin epmt_aoms

TAJ(as h heSmi londucn Semicondusé

e
plamt Dahent_afomS by bambeadiny '''''''''''
'''*'''''''*'

Win-htin ions: Teacher's Signature....

 CxtnSic SemiCovgducfon wr Suikah.
at Senmic ouducn
onduc emCondu
A d oped Sumic ed S
exnstc
S Cal(ed

a dd o ,
mprab oto
oudutenS.
i) nN-Type
Semi t
(
Semicon ducbn
whem a pu Ge
which Si m

S
abms
o7 ae in
has hown
Voalenie ()
wi
elechaon,
is dobed
a a l (ed amot o
a n s e n i c en
pentavalen
phospheneus
)
akm 5, Say
n 6is mu m, uhich
01 hman
lencee
e e e a nVa
hauehve Valeme e e h
he ve
elechons h e ha b ond b Shaa
akms wilonm Covale
aFonms o S l i c o n ) While
Imponi
e:Wih ad oin~9 be pa ne
wA eA : panm
Hhe bomd wi
foeSel
e Ve
Veny TFis
I Fis
heibh ee
lam poiatvely
ee ob mo
m ov
vee.
.

pun a f is
ee Wuc(eos
Noc leos
im h o 66
a tc ac6ou
Ga
fhe honce
So
becat
Sm
S maal(
l du
d s b high
hgh
becomes Vn
ay
ah
e Don enn
Semic t r . The bindin
oudot bindinj
hAie lonshon E o S hon
dielec o 4 S e v . h e imu puaiky
c

e be Coes
emeny donuhs se
beCoyes
p osthve
on
d
md
on isC Dovon
lled Doye
is Called

which
 Date..

O.. *'**
PageNo. '

Eot.N o .

due ho ohon
Theonduch on ef elechic1h
negahve Chnst On-tyoe Ca aaits, fhecetu
Hhe e eselhaj SemCOnducka is C(ed DaineA- Fype
T
h
n-Fype Scmtonduc

Mae aAAAAS_Cne elecfaons

anieas
Minoiy ne hales
ne N>>nn.
hals
Donan e s
AFom'

Demsiy
*Bond hes n-pe Semsadutkn
fana Si Semlsrduskn wk
imuaihs aha OSeuicn phasphonaus
Cucaues he aee elechsa o-oYSV
_ slighhLesshn he
deuA
entagies e he aee elehen S=le
Level
LaL Xowesk emug lRyel ef
lenduthaa bond AaatslE V
hese e occupy s a be waa
eucls CallesoneA emtag4leuelsl
men dea.s4 lcchan
4V: healest eeny vd
0'oSN. belau ae baltO
enen
-Cnesgu vel L s ak
heo
C Whon He tnpeah is sliglat lyinneased
maki
nea emcA eve e lechoa umbs inb (6 and
donenmcagq emalin
hem Cuailue en
[Link].

unmplhb° a So
eoes mone 4mene he e-om V
 V6. Moles
V8. moue I
behmd h o l e s in h
Xe auung . B h
onbibvte h esecb
esehi
V 3 e mo U e
s

lonAemE

p-Tyte
When o buna Semicon duck Cne)
e o Si n wih e ach
abm h a s o n vNalmue
ontho{(ed
e w doped wi
Ome TaiValem a foms
nen
wn which hove hse

Valeme elechans, he ini

a
aeon Si
.
ao nvplact
will
The Ther valene mpi
Aepla ae-eSsbem
Covalenh bond by shanina
adioinin oe, while hee will be
haee aom s of one

nComlett Co valenk bovd w a hethboun iny

m s fo e o e lech sn This
dehcema
eieme y i s Campletad byahin on e 1 o one
T, -he bod
h e Cne-ae bands .
Thu Com pleky1 h e
This mahes mds wmm on(Sed legafyelg chones)
Cneos holes. he lendaschon o elechiciy otc dus b
nohon e holes pesihve Chn P - t a e Cannias. Thak is why
oe e [Link] alles aceplo tyloe n
- e Semicouducter
 Date... '

Expt. No...
*****''**.
Page No..

AF o n peah Ssme ohe Coval bonds m &

Canaies ou
3auptwaeAcleesing ae les Le- Mani
hales Minsait aasLS ne elechon5-

ness4 od P e SeaLCOnductn
FoA Coea S [Link], he dopiay C 8
aLapaity a hoS oabesan
pneduCes dome a{(owed enenA atcepreeds
Enng*
euelswkich oe Situee! in &e LSTEV

abave0oSev
nbidden gapSti STiahtl
Hhe Valemce band hese Xevels_ae
Calledaccep r Levels h e elec haus
enah d u e o hen malenen -
AF e e n Eap
easilu taensleaasd e
Khe
he valemee b amd eae
o fhese Xev s ne 'Allel: This eaaduces
a Cceper Leuel aahll vale bend haeb
numben a h s l e s h th
mge bond
bsle enduchnq bond
bicamts o
Hae_voalemce bond Semsonductn
o a p - pa
whnenteanal eld s ppled
CAast
as_a Caanie
Haese holes _ ( i l ac

paeffsacd ove N-Tes

Why P=lape isnat
Luhy Ga pae
in N elesasia pe S m a a e
he mabil
hemobisik o -Taeeheshe mas
hsles in
o heholik ebf«ckiui mess h»le Thenehas
less n e
eis Toe sve

is paelheacd
NT
Teacher's Signature..