COMPUTER STUDIES
STANDARD THREE
CHAPTER SIX: COMPUTER CODING
These notes are prepared according to the Tanzania Institute of Education (TIE)
Computer Studies Syllabus and Textbook for Standard Three. They are intended to
help pupils understand the basic concept of coding using simple language, clear
explanations, and examples taken from daily life as emphasized in the TIE book.
1. Meaning of Coding
Coding is the process of giving instructions to a computer or a machine so that it can
perform a task. These instructions must be given in the correct order so that the computer
understands what to do. In simple terms, coding means telling the computer what to do step
by step.
At Standard Three level, coding does not mean writing difficult computer programs. Instead,
pupils learn coding by arranging instructions, steps, or commands in the correct order using
simple words, pictures, symbols, or actions.
2. Importance of Coding
Learning coding is very important for pupils. Coding helps pupils to:
• Think logically and carefully before doing something.
• Learn how to solve problems step by step.
• Improve creativity and imagination.
• Understand how computers and other machines work.
• Prepare for advanced computer studies in higher classes.
Coding also helps pupils to understand that computers do not think on their own. They only
follow the instructions given by people.
3. Algorithm
An algorithm is a set of steps or instructions that are followed to complete a task. The steps
must be arranged in the correct order from the beginning to the end. If the order of steps is
changed, the task may not be completed correctly.
Algorithms are not only used in computers. We use algorithms in our daily activities such as
brushing teeth, cooking food, or washing hands.
Example of an Algorithm (as in TIE)
Algorithm for washing hands:
1. Start
2. Open the tap
3. Wet your hands
4. Apply soap
5. Rub your hands together
6. Rinse hands with clean water
7. Close the tap
8. Dry your hands
9. End
This example shows that every activity must follow clear steps from start to finish.
4. Flowchart
A flowchart is a diagram that shows the steps of an algorithm using symbols and arrows.
Flowcharts help us to understand instructions easily by looking at pictures instead of
reading many words.
In coding, flowcharts are used to show how a task starts, the steps followed, decisions made,
and how the task ends.
5. Flowchart Symbols
The following are common flowchart symbols taught in Standard Three according to TIE:
• Oval: Used to show the start and the end of a flowchart.
• Rectangle: Used to show an action or activity.
• Diamond: Used to show a decision where a choice must be made (Yes or No).
• Arrow: Used to show the direction of steps.
Example of a Flowchart (as in TIE)
Flowchart for switching on a computer:
Start → Press power button → Computer starts → End
This flowchart shows that each step follows another in a clear direction.
6. Relationship Between Algorithm and Flowchart
An algorithm and a flowchart are related because they both show steps used to complete a
task. An algorithm uses words and sentences, while a flowchart uses pictures and symbols.
Before drawing a flowchart, an algorithm must be written first. This helps to arrange steps
correctly.
7. Activities for Pupils
1. Write an algorithm for brushing teeth.
2. Arrange mixed steps of making tea in the correct order.
3. Draw a simple flowchart for entering the classroom.
4. Discuss in groups why correct order of steps is important.
8. Assessment Questions
1. What is coding?
2. Mention two importance of learning coding.
3. What is an algorithm?
4. Write an algorithm for washing hands.
5. What is a flowchart?
6. Name any two flowchart symbols and their uses.
9. Summary
Coding helps pupils learn how to give instructions correctly. Algorithms and flowcharts are
important tools in coding. By learning coding at an early age, pupils develop good thinking
skills and prepare themselves for future use of computers.